See more? Hello, the graduates majoring in Luqiao River Crossing Engineering are basically employed by construction companies and engineering companies, or they can be employed by civil servants' emergency management bureau, housing and construction bureau and other units ~ Luqiao River Crossing Engineering-the pioneer of the national economy.
April 20 12, Ya 'an West (Chang 'an) Expressway was completed and opened to traffic. The whole expressway spans mountains and mountains, just like driving in the sky, which is called "Expressway on the Cloud". From 2065438 to September 2006, the main body of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, the world's largest cross-sea project, was fully connected, closely linking Zhuhai, Hong Kong and Macao. The 22.9-kilometer dragon crosses the ocean, the "Chinese knot" shines brightly, the "dolphin" tower is lifelike, and the "sail" tower sets sail, which has become a milestone for China to move from a bridge power to a bridge power. On June 5th, 2007+10, the longest highway tunnel in the world-Qinling Zhong Nanshan Highway Tunnel was completed and opened to traffic. At this point, the Qinling natural moat becomes a thoroughfare, and it only takes 15 minutes to cross the Qinling Mountains. The humanized lighting design such as sunrise, sunset, blue sky and white clouds gives people a wonderful feeling of entering the valley between the blue sky and the sunrise tunnel.
There is a saying: the road spans north and south, east and west, and the traffic extends in all directions! Bridges fly across in colorful arcs, towers pierce the dome, and natural moats become a thoroughfare! Tunnels cross mountains like tigers, cross rivers into the sea like dragons! China's transportation infrastructure construction has made brilliant achievements, forming a huge transportation infrastructure network and reaching the world's leading level. In the national development plan, transportation has always been identified as a basic industry of the national economy that has a strategic and overall impact on economic and social development, and it is supported to play a supporting and leading role in economic and social development, so that transportation can truly become a pioneer in development.
The brilliant achievements of transportation infrastructure are closely related to the specialty of road, bridge and river crossing engineering. So, what kind of major is road, bridge and river crossing engineering? What do you mainly study? What are the future employment prospects? Below, we will briefly introduce the specialty of road, bridge and river crossing engineering from these aspects.
1. Professional analysis
1. 1 What are roads, bridges and river crossing projects?
The specialty of road and bridge and river crossing engineering is a combination of engineering theory and technical methods, which has strong practicality. It mainly trains senior engineering and technical personnel engaged in the planning, design, construction, maintenance and management of road engineering, bridge engineering, geotechnical engineering and tunnel engineering for traffic infrastructure construction.
This major integrates traffic engineering and civil engineering, covering road and railway engineering, bridge and tunnel engineering, and traffic planning and management, geotechnical engineering, structural engineering, disaster prevention and mitigation, and protection engineering. It is based on mathematics, physics, chemistry, mechanics, materials engineering, engineering geology, engineering economics and other disciplines.
1.2 what is the research on road, bridge and river crossing project?
With the development of social productive forces, the space for human activities is getting bigger and bigger, and the limited land space resources and the topography full of obstacles are increasingly restricting the living environment and social and economic development of modern human beings. How to use limited resources reasonably and effectively, build land transportation infrastructure and promote social and economic development is a problem to be studied in road, bridge and river crossing projects.
From mountains to plains, from hills to basins, from land to waters, from grasslands to Gobi, across the north and south, across the east and west, the research objects of road and bridge crossing projects are everywhere: roads, urban roads, airport runways and other road projects, bridge projects and tunnel projects.
How to design these winding and infinitely extending roads and how to integrate the design content into the natural environment; How to overcome these roads when they encounter obstacles such as mountains, rivers, pits, ditches, rivers, lakes and seas, and how to find the best bridge crossing or tunnel crossing; How are all kinds of roads of different grades and types formed, what bridge and tunnel structures are there, and what materials are used; The temperature in the south of China is high, the north is cold, the plateau is short of oxygen and water, the winter in cold areas is long, the coast is windy and rainy, and the Gobi desert. How to build roads, bridges and tunnels with low cost, long service life, little environmental impact and good landscape effect in these different areas according to their own natural conditions such as climate, meteorology, geology and hydrology? These are all the contents we want to study.
Among them, the research content of road engineering includes the survey, measurement, design, construction, maintenance and management of road overall, subgrade, pavement, culvert, drainage system, safety protection facilities, greening and traffic monitoring facilities. In recent years, its research field has been further extended to environment, informatization and other related aspects.
The research contents of bridge engineering include mechanical properties of bridge engineering materials, internal structure of bridge structure, external characteristics of bridge structure, construction technology of bridge structure, interaction between bridge structure and foundation environment, and dialectical combination of bridge aesthetics and mechanics. Bridge engineering can be divided into concrete bridge, steel bridge, steel-concrete composite bridge and new composite bridge according to different building materials. According to the different stress forms of structures, the research objects can be divided into beam bridges, arch bridges, suspension bridges and composite stress system bridges.
The research content of tunnel engineering mainly includes the investigation, design, construction, detection, operation and management of various underground and geotechnical engineering. According to different research directions, it can be divided into tunnel engineering design theory and method, tunnel engineering long highway tunnel ventilation technology, long highway tunnel fire mechanism and disaster prevention and relief countermeasures, tunnel engineering leakage and freezing injury prevention technology, tunnel engineering quality detection and disease treatment technology, tunnel engineering monitoring and measurement technology and so on.
1.3 requires high practical skills.
The professional basic courses in the undergraduate stage of road, bridge and river crossing engineering include mechanics, road engineering materials, surveying, engineering geology, pedology and soil mechanics, hydraulics and hydrology of bridges and culverts, structural design principles, etc. Professional courses mainly include road survey and design, subgrade and pavement engineering, foundation engineering, bridge engineering, tunnel engineering, construction organization and budget estimation.
As a traditional engineering specialty, the specialty of road, bridge and river crossing engineering emphasizes the importance of practical teaching, so as to enhance students' perceptual knowledge of practical engineering and cultivate students' practical ability, practical ability and problem-solving ability. In order to ensure and continuously improve the quality and effect of practical teaching, the school actively carries out extracurricular practical teaching and off-campus practical training. Taking Chang 'an University as an example, the specialty of road, bridge and river crossing engineering needs to go to the field practice base for geological cognition study, topographic survey practice, road survey and design practice, tunnel survey and design practice, subgrade and pavement construction and bridge engineering cognition practice. , and carry out a series of experiments matching with the courses of road materials, subgrade and pavement, soil mechanics, structural design principles, etc., improve the test ability, as well as the construction and production practice of basic engineering, bridge engineering and tunnel engineering, go deep into the construction site and visit the projects under construction.
2. Graduates' employment destination
2. 1 New opportunities in the industry and good development prospects.
The National Highway Network Planning (20 13-2030) promulgated in 2013 years has planned a national highway network of about 400,000 kilometers, including 36 national highways, accounting for118,000 kilometers; There are 200 national highways, totaling 265,000 kilometers. According to the plan, there are still about 65,438+10,000 kilometers of ordinary national highways that need to be upgraded, with about 22,000 kilometers of expressways under construction and 25,000 kilometers of expressways to be built. It will take about 20 years to basically build a national highway network and a national highway network. We still have a long way to go in this historical process!
In 20 13, President Xi Jinping put forward the strategic concept of building "New Silk Road Economic Belt" and "2 1 Century Maritime Silk Road" (hereinafter referred to as "Belt and Road"), in which "One" is to seize the key passages, key nodes and key projects of transportation infrastructure, give priority to opening up missing sections, improve road safety protection facilities and traffic management facilities and equipment.
At present, China's highway construction is in a period of paying equal attention to construction and maintenance. Take the expressway as an example, the expressway123,500 km which needs maintenance has been built, and at the same time, it is facing about150,000 km of road upgrading or new construction. If the maintenance and paving of highways other than expressways are added, the task of highway construction and maintenance is heavy. At the same time, in the future, China's bridge and tunnel projects will be fully rolled out on four fronts: crossing the deep valley in the southwest, crossing the Gobi Desert in the northwest, crossing the river in the middle and east, and crossing the Gulf Strait in the southeast, which puts forward higher technical requirements for engineering construction under complex conditions. With the rapid development of urbanization, the specialty of road, bridge and river crossing engineering will meet the needs of the continuous development of national economic construction in highway, urban road, bridge engineering, underground engineering and municipal comprehensive pipeline planning and construction. The construction of related projects is in the ascendant, and there is a strong demand for outstanding professionals in the market, with broad employment prospects and long-term development in the future.
2.2 Graduates' employment destination
Graduates majoring in road, bridge and river crossing engineering have a wide range of employment, and can engage in the survey, design, construction, supervision, maintenance, management and scientific research of highway, bridge, rock and soil and tunnel engineering.
Judging from the employment development of previous graduates, taking Chang 'an University as an example, about 65% graduates choose employment, which is distributed in various industries of national transportation construction, mainly engaged in production, technology development, project management, scientific research and so on. , and the proportion of graduate students allowed to walk is about 1 1%, and the proportion of postgraduate entrance examination and study abroad is about 25%. The main employers of students are: China Communications Construction Corporation, China State Construction Engineering Corporation, China Railway Construction Corporation, China Railway Corporation, China Water Conservancy and Hydropower Construction Group and other Fortune 500 companies, as well as enterprises and institutions related to highway traffic design, construction, supervision and inspection in various provinces and cities. Some students entered the national civil service system through the selection examinations at all levels.
In addition to working in survey, design, experiment, construction and other units, some students will choose to continue their studies or study abroad after graduation. The majors applying for master's degree in China include road and railway engineering, bridge and tunnel engineering, architectural and civil engineering, geotechnical engineering, earthquake prevention, disaster reduction and protection engineering, structural engineering, traffic engineering, road materials and underground space engineering.
3. Application guide
The specialty of road, bridge and river crossing engineering belongs to the specialty of civil engineering, which is specially designed to meet the special needs of personnel training in recent years. According to statistics, there are 58 colleges and universities in China specializing in road, bridge and river crossing projects. Among them, the geotechnical and tunnel engineering of roads and bridges in Chang 'an University is a major with national characteristics, and in the same college, it has a strong comprehensive strength in terms of teachers and professional experimental facilities, and has a long history of running a school. Tongji University, Southeast University, Central South University, Harbin Institute of Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University and Beijing Jiaotong University have all set up similar majors in civil engineering or traffic engineering, such as road and railway engineering, bridge engineering, geotechnical engineering and tunnel engineering, which are highly recommended. If candidates want to apply for this kind of major, they need to carefully understand the professional catalogue, professional settings and other information of each institution, and choose their favorite institutions according to their own situation.
3. 1 What should I pay attention to when applying for the exam?
As the main force of national highway traffic construction, graduates majoring in road, bridge and river crossing engineering build traffic infrastructure related to the safety of people's lives and property and the stability of national economic and social development. Therefore, every student who is interested in this major must have a high sense of social responsibility and the spirit of Excellence. As long as they are healthy, both boys and girls can apply.