Number sum calculation is the most widely used mathematical knowledge in daily life, which has always been the basic content of primary school mathematics teaching, and cultivating primary school students' mathematical calculation ability has always been one of the main purposes of primary school mathematics teaching. Mathematical computing ability is a basic mathematical ability, which includes both accuracy and correctness, and is an important basis for learning mathematics and other disciplines. Calculation occupies a large proportion in primary school mathematics textbooks, and students' computing ability directly affects their learning quality. Among them, the integer multiplication and division method learned in grade three is the basis of learning decimal multiplication and division method and fractional multiplication and division method in the future, so how to improve the calculation ability of grade three students is particularly important.
Second, the current situation of students. ?
However, the situation reflected by the third grade students in their actual study is very worrying. Some students are not interested in calculation, and their calculation level is low. Moreover, due to calculation errors, some students have poor math scores and lost interest in learning math.
Third, investigate and analyze the reasons for the mistakes. ?
1, the algorithm and arithmetic are unknown.
Arithmetic is the premise and foundation of correct operation. When students have clear arithmetic in mind, they will calculate in an orderly way. Therefore, we must make clear the algorithm and arithmetic in teaching. For the new calculation, students can talk about what is the first step, what is the next step, and what should be paid attention to when calculating. And let students understand the algorithm and reasoning by doing and speaking. 2, careless calculation, did not develop good calculation habits.
Students' calculation errors are mostly caused by bad habits such as carelessness, carelessness and graffiti. Generally speaking, the mistakes made by students in calculation mainly include the following:
(1) The title is wrong, copied wrong and scribbled. For example, 6 and 0, 1 and 7 are ambiguous. (2) When the columns are vertical, the numbers are not aligned. (3) Do not make a draft when calculating.
(4) Errors in addition and subtraction of two or three digits lead to errors in the whole question. (5) When doing homework, the mind is not concentrated.
(6) Some students are not careful enough. They look at the math problem once and start to calculate it, and they don't check it carefully after they finish it.
Therefore, mathematics teaching should cultivate students' study habits such as careful homework, neat handwriting, conforming to the format and consciously checking the calculation results. Therefore, the teacher's performance in teaching includes writing numbers and drawing horizontal lines with a ruler. And the handwriting and symbols of correcting homework should be standardized and neat, so as to play a subtle demonstration role for students. 3. Not paying enough attention to verbal calculation.
In homework, it is often found that students regard oral arithmetic problems as written calculations, are used to accurate calculations, and are unwilling to do oral calculations. When calculating carry multiplication, wrong numbers will be added, which shows that students' oral calculation ability is poor, so oral calculation practice should be strengthened.
Fourthly, the strategies to improve the calculation ability of junior three students.
By analyzing the mathematics test questions in the third grade of primary school, it is found that more than 80% of the questions in a test paper involve calculation content. Therefore, improving the accuracy of calculation is a very important condition for getting high marks in the exam. How to make students calculate correctly, quickly, flexibly and reasonably? You can start with the following points:
1, strengthen students' mastery of algorithms and arithmetic.
In order to let the students calculate, we must first let the students calculate, that is, strengthen the understanding of laws and arithmetic. In teaching, teachers should use clear theory to guide students to master the calculation method, clarify and master the calculation method, operation nature, operation law and derivation method of calculation formula, and cultivate students' awareness of simplification. For example, teaching multiplication of one digit, division of two or three digits, and vertical calculation of digits can make students talk about what is the first step, what is the next step, what should be paid attention to when calculating, and so on. And let students understand the algorithm and reasoning by doing and speaking.
2. Strengthen students' oral arithmetic training.
The teaching content of oral calculation in primary schools can be roughly divided into basic oral calculation and simple and fast calculation. Basic oral calculation is the basis of written calculation. For example, addition and subtraction within 20, table multiplication and corresponding division. Students are required to be accurate, skilled and blurt out. The content of simple and fast calculation is mainly to apply the algorithm, properties and some special rules and methods to carry out simple and fast calculation. For example, do more "A×B+C=?" (for example, 6×7+3=45), which can effectively improve the speed and accuracy of students' multiplication and carry calculation, and reduce the problem of "only multiplying and forgetting to add digits" in carry multiplication calculation.
The key to improving pupils' oral arithmetic ability and forming certain oral arithmetic skills is to persist in training. Teachers can arrange oral arithmetic training for 2-3 minutes before each class according to the teaching content, or organically infiltrate oral arithmetic training according to the actual teaching situation, or ask parents to cooperate with such oral arithmetic training.
3. Strengthen the cultivation of students' good study habits.
Cultivating students' careful study attitude and forming good study habits are the main ways and measures to prevent calculation errors and improve calculation level.
(1), cultivate the habit of carefully examining questions. Ask students to proofread the copied questions carefully, accurate to numbers and symbols, and don't miss anything. We often find that there are omissions or mistakes in students' homework, especially in lower grades, which require reading, thinking, calculating and reviewing questions.
"Look" means to see the numbers and operation symbols clearly. To do three things: ① Check the questions with the original questions after copying; (2) Check the vertical figures with the horizontal figures; (3) The number of horizontal inspections is the same as that of vertical inspections.
"Second thought" means thinking about where to use oral calculation, where to use pen calculation, whether to use simple calculation and so on.
"Three calculations" means taking notes carefully.
"Four checks" means careful inspection. After calculation, first check whether the calculation method is reasonable; Secondly, check whether numbers and symbols will be copied wrong and whether decimal points will be misspelled or omitted; Third, check and calculate every number and the final result obtained in the calculation. (2) Cultivate the habit of careful calculation. In the four operations, we should cultivate students' calm learning attitude. When you come across a calculation exam with large numbers and many steps, you should be calm, calm and patient. Be careful even with simple calculations. Don't act rashly. If you can do oral calculation, do oral calculation; if you can't, pay attention to careful written calculation. Calculus requires neat handwriting, standardized format and reasonable methods.
(3) Cultivate the habit of careful inspection. It is impossible for students to be absolutely correct in their calculations without making mistakes. Teachers should educate students to form the habit of carefully checking calculus after calculation, and take checking as an indispensable part of calculation problems. When checking, be patient and meticulous, and check step by step: first, check whether the numbers in the questions are copied wrong, and second, check whether the calculation process and results are wrong, and correct them in time if any mistakes are found. 4. Practice stretching.
Practice is an important way for students to consolidate knowledge and form skills. Calculation exercises need to combine the old with the new, and teaching and practice should be skillful, diversified and persistent. It is impossible to improve students' computing level overnight, so it is very necessary to strengthen the usual training. In order to improve students' computing ability, we can arrange "practice every day", that is, practice 3 ~ 5 calculation problems every day, so that students can "review the old and learn new things".
In a word, it is a long and complicated teaching process to cultivate students' mathematical computing ability, and it is not an overnight thing to improve students' mathematical computing ability. As the saying goes, if you want to practice a perfect skill, you must "keep your fist in your hand and your mouth in your mouth", and so does the cultivation of good computing ability. It is a cumulative process, and only with the joint efforts of teachers and students can we see the results.
If you are not satisfied, you can ask.
If satisfied, hope to adopt, thank you!