First of all, smart logistics is a logistics business form that is supported by the Internet of Things, cloud computing and big data, based on logistics industry automation, intelligent business operation, information system-assisted decision-making and related core support resources, and realizes automatic perception and identification, traceability, real-time response and intelligent decision-making in the whole process of logistics through the interactive integration of information systems of enterprises in the circulation field.
Smart logistics is the only way to transform and upgrade the logistics industry. Driven by a systematic policy, technology and business model, its development and evolution process is mainly from the most extensive logistics-systematic logistics-electronic visualization logistics-intelligent logistics-intelligent logistics. At the national policy level, smart logistics is an important cornerstone of the Made in China 2025 strategy, and a series of management measures that are beneficial to the development of the industry have been issued one after another, such as Opinions on Further Implementing the Action Plan of "internet plus Logistics", Opinions on Implementing Efficient Logistics in internet plus, Notice on Determining Demonstration Units of Smart Logistics Distribution, and Development Plan of New Generation Artificial Intelligence, which have given full support to the development of smart logistics at the policy level and pointed out the direction.
With the progress of technology, Industry 4.0, China Zhizao, internet plus, etc. They are injecting "smart" genes into the traditional production and logistics industries. New technology drives the digitalization of logistics scenes more directly, making the whole supply chain more interactive and making decisions more independent and intelligent. In the past, the rapid development of e-commerce mainly promoted the acceleration of logistics reform, led the intelligent development of supply chain, reduced costs and increased efficiency, and improved the synergy of the whole chain. In the era of retail reform, the integration of offline and omni-channel and the rapid development of supply chain put forward higher requirements for the intelligent development of logistics. Crowdsourcing, crowdfunding and partner planning have become the main ways of social division of labor and cooperation, and a large number of outstanding enterprises have emerged. For example, G7 in transportation, Yunniao, Didi in travel, mobike, Meituan in takeaway, Hungry, Dada -JD. With the arrival of COM, great changes have taken place in various industries, and the reconstruction of business model has been considered. With the upgrading of consumption, the quality upgrading and consumption dividends of second-and third-tier cities have gradually stabilized. In order to seek the further development of the market, the demand of agricultural internet is also constantly promoting the great development of intelligent logistics. The proposal of "One Belt, One Road" for national combat readiness has created opportunities for the development of global intelligent logistics industry, and the upgrading and output of cross-border e-commerce and logistics industry has a broader imagination.
1. Based on the development trend of commercial retail, the four characteristics of smart logistics in the future are: 1, collaborative empowerment: deep collaboration among external enterprises, organizations and internal groups, and intelligent algorithms based on global optimization schedule all participants in the whole logistics system to work efficiently.
2. The industry is interconnected, driven by big data, all logistics elements realize digital interaction, and all insights, decisions and actions are driven by data;
3, supply chain integration, realize the whole short chain delivery, reduce waste.
4, automation, unmanned or less humanized
Just like the concept of short chain, wisdom and * * * life put forward by Jingdong Logistics earlier.
Second, based on the current retail development trend, the basic framework of smart logistics development The basic framework of smart logistics is divided into three parts: front desk, middle desk and back desk. The front desk is mainly the application layer: vehicle-cargo matching, multimodal transport, resource sharing between warehouses and terminals, car-free carriers, supply chain finance, route optimization and so on.
The intermediate platform is mainly the decision-making layer: the logic of logistics cloud technology decision-making, operation rules and standards, and logistics market decision-making.
The background is mainly the data perception layer: digitization of logistics elements of goods/cars/warehouses+digitization of geographic information+portrait of consumers.
Key problems to be solved in developing smart logistics;
1, enjoy data infrastructure and reduce collaboration costs.
2. Socialized warehousing and distribution and supply chain transformation and upgrading.
3. Cross-border multi-stage supply chain collaboration.
4. Iteration of logistics robots.
Third, the application framework of smart logistics development: from three aspects: platform construction, data operation and intelligent operation, the construction of smart platform must start with the layout of big data network, and make clear the basic data such as network planning and simulation. In the aspect of industry insight, through data analysis, the best practice case scheme is sorted out and applied systematically. In the deep coordination of supply chain, we should start with the inventory planning and operation management of warehousing, warehousing and warehousing, realize instant delivery and zero-difference delivery, and reduce inventory turnover rate and occupation cost.
Secondly, in the realization of digital operation, we should first think more about the realization path of intelligent operation rules, such as intelligent setting, modeling, simulation operation, man-machine learning, etc., and constantly optimize WMS, intelligent picking, site layout, optimal path, intelligent scheduling, optimal route recommendation, TMS, abnormal dynamic planning, intelligent sorting and other functions in intelligent warehousing, transportation and distribution, so as to make it have the functions of intelligent output, cost reduction and efficiency scheduling. At the level of intelligent operation, the whole logistics process, such as warehousing, storage, sorting, auditing, packaging, warehousing, inventory, dispatching, ferry, sorting, delivery and package collection, should have corresponding intelligent technology and hardware equipment applications.
Four, the three market-oriented needs of smart logistics:
1. Logistics data service demand: it is mainly used in typical scenarios such as data sharing, sales forecast, network planning, inventory allocation and industry insight. It is the foundation of the formation of smart logistics.
2. Logistics cloud service demand: coordinator, goods, yard, car and other idle resources. Software SaaS services (WMS/TMS/OMS, etc. ) algorithm component services (path optimization, packaging, consumables recommendation, vehicle scheduling, etc. ) is the carrier of smart logistics operation.
3. Logistics technical service requirements: including automation equipment (such as automated warehouse, automatic sorter, conveyor belt, etc.). ), intelligent equipment (such as picking robots, palletizing robots, AGV, drones, unmanned warehouses, etc. ), as well as intelligent terminals: express cabinets, crowdsourcing distribution. It is the way to realize smart logistics.
From the demand of market segments, smart logistics can be divided into intelligent demand of warehousing logistics, intelligent demand of international freight forwarding logistics and intelligent demand of transportation and distribution, which is an important part of the whole process of smart logistics and indispensable.
5. Predict five trends of smart logistics in the future: 1, cloud warehouse+dry delivery: cloud warehouse+multi-backbone node network;
2. Socialization of logistics resources: socialization of transportation capacity, socialization of warehousing and specialization of division of labor.
3. Dynamic supply chain data: full link data and real-time logistics data.
4. Supply chain integration: online and offline omni-channel integration, and comprehensive integration of supply and demand chain.
5. To informatization+digitalization+intelligence+greening+globalization+service quality+industrial coordinated development, such as the informatization realization of management systems such as WMS, TMS and OMS, and the introduction of intelligent warehousing/distribution/transportation equipment (automated three-dimensional warehouses, express cabinets, intelligent dispatching, car-free carriers, etc.). ); The research, development, use and promotion of new environmental protection materials such as green packaging consumables reflect the sense of social responsibility of enterprises; Export and coordinate cross-border logistics capabilities to internationalization; The market is full of sub-minute service products such as Suda, Jingzunda, Jingzunda and instant delivery. Under the policy background, the cooperation between government and enterprises, manufacturing enterprises and logistics, retail enterprises and online and offline supply chains of e-commerce in diversified fields has become more and more frequent, which has promoted the more efficient and energy-saving operation of the overall social resources.
With the increasing prominence of smart logistics, the layout of industry giants in smart logistics (in no particular order):
1, JD.COM established X and Y business divisions.
Storage field: unmanned warehouse+unmanned sorting center+intelligent sorting center +JDsmart system+pre-sorting system+Xuanwu system+intelligent sorting equipment+intelligent handling robot AGV+ intelligent sorting system.
Distribution field: unmanned delivery trolley+UAV+Qinglong logistics distribution system+Red Rabbit TMS.
Cloud field: jingdong cloud
2. Ali rookie: set up an e.t. logistics laboratory.
Seven data products of rookie network: logistics early warning radar+electronic face sheet+five-level address library+big data routing table+rookie eagle eye+rookie world+big data anti-speculation system.
Distribution field: intelligent distribution robot rookie small G+ drone, etc.
Cloud domain: rookie logistics cloud
3. Suning: S lab is open.
Storage field: Suning Super Cloud Warehouse +A-frame automatic picking system+automatic sorting system+automatic storage equipment+one-step loading system, etc.
Distribution field: * * Enjoy the express box.
Cloud field: Suning Logistics Cloud
4. Amazon:
Warehouse field: intelligent cloud warehouse+intelligent robot Kiva technology+intelligent warehouse management technology+intelligent picking+two-dimensional code precise positioning technology+octopus picking technology.
Distribution field: UAV+air suspension cabin
5. SF: SF data lighthouse+intelligent cloud warehouse+automatic sorting equipment+vehicle networking+unmanned aerial vehicle+Nirvana project (six-generation Ba gun data transmission)+Mi Feng waybill+machine image recognition+intelligent express cabinet beehive box, etc.
In addition, express delivery companies such as Tongda and Baishi have also increased their investment in smart logistics, such as Baishi launching a smart supply chain; At the "Connect and Upgrade" Global Smart Logistics Conference in May 20 17, Ma Yun said: "The future logistics enterprises will be fashionable and high-tech enterprises." ......
At present, the head companies of e-commerce logistics, Amazon, SF, JD.COM, Cainiao and other head companies are increasing their investment in the technical field (refer to the official finance and economics in previous years), which can also verify the important strategic significance of technology in the future. The intelligent hardware and technology involved in the node flow of logistics supply chain will usher in new growth points in the future; Warehousing technology, intelligent hardware equipment in the warehouse, and new energy logistics vehicle/vehicle networking are particularly eye-catching; From the perspective of technology landing, robots mainly play a role in the logistics industry, such as storage robots and sorting robots. The application prospect of logistics business under the future retail reform is broad, such as unmanned aerial vehicles and unmanned vehicles (JD.COM and SF have successively obtained some trial operation qualifications and airspace and road sections), and the accepted unmanned warehouse technology will be promising; Focus on the wave of retail business reform, RFID at the end of business, collection and distribution system at the end of distribution, intelligent sorting system, intelligent transportation system, unmanned warehouse and so on. Will stimulate huge demand. For example, in recent years, the sought-after business models, such as Box Horse Fresh, 7Fresh, Yonghui Supermarket, Elephant Fresh and other supply chain processes, have introduced relevant technologies into operation. The future belongs to the continuous upgrading of technology and changes all aspects of life. .....