Piaget, a famous psychologist, pointed out: "Children are active people, and their activities are dominated by interests and needs. All effective activities must be based on certain interests. " Using intuitive images and concrete materials to set up teaching scenes such as questions and stories in class can stimulate students' curiosity about knowledge and thus improve their interest in learning. The knowledge that teachers talk about in traditional mathematics classes is all examples, concepts, laws and calculation formulas in books, which are divorced from the reality of students' lives and make students feel boring, abstract and difficult to understand. Therefore, teachers should create life situations based on students' observation of life phenomena and existing life experience, and provide students with opportunities to engage in mathematical activities and exchange mathematical life. Build a bridge between real life and mathematics learning, concrete problems and abstract generalization, so that students can actively think in the new knowledge background created by teachers, stimulate students' interest in learning, and have the desire to explore, think, discuss and solve problems independently.

2. Change the way of learning and guide students to explore independently.

Darwin famously said, "The most valuable knowledge is the knowledge about methods." To cultivate students' autonomous learning ability, we must also improve teaching methods and guide learning methods in teaching. It is better to teach people to fish than to teach them to fish. In order to make students actively learn knowledge, the key is to teach students learning methods and strategies, let them gradually master the correct thinking methods, cultivate their mathematical ability of induction, comparison, analysis, synthesis, abstraction and generalization, and gradually master learning methods, so that students can truly become the masters of learning.