First, the basic characteristics and types of conversation method
Conversation is a traditional and mature teaching method, and its basic characteristics mainly include four aspects: First, it has a wide range of adaptation and good teaching effect. Dialogue is convenient and flexible to use. In the teaching process of learning new knowledge, reviewing and consolidating what has been learned and checking the learning effect, especially in the teaching process of breaking through difficulties and highlighting key points, the effect achieved by using conversation is more obvious.
The second is exploratory, reflecting students' subjectivity. Through teachers' persuasion, the talk method is beneficial to enliven the classroom atmosphere, inspire students' thinking activities and develop students' expressive ability. Through the active efforts of teachers and students, we can promote the common development of both sides.
Thirdly, it helps teachers to control the teaching process. By using conversation method, teachers can impart professional knowledge to students quickly and directly.
With timely teaching feedback, teachers can timely and appropriately improve the shortcomings in teaching and make up and correct the problems in the classroom in time. Fourthly, it has some limitations. For example, using the conversation method for a long time may affect the teaching process;
Teachers can't use dialogue for knowledge that students don't understand at all.
Second, talk about the application of law in primary school mathematics teaching
Conversation is a traditional teaching method, and it is also a teaching method that is widely used, effective and constantly innovated in the teaching process. Questioning method's application in primary school mathematics has gradually added innovative elements, combined with other effective teaching methods, changed the original form of teachers' full-time irrigation and full-time questioning, gradually improved the way of "dialogue" between teachers and students, and gradually moved towards the trend of "classroom returning to students".
For example, when learning "two-step application problem with known three conditions", first, the teacher can create a problem situation: "10, 1 is the National Day, and the campus is full of joyful atmosphere. Some students make colorful flags while others make paper flowers. The students made 25 yellow flowers and 18 purple flowers. They make more red flowers than yellow flowers and purple flowers combined. Then ask the students to write the corresponding math problems according to the information provided. The following problems may occur: "① Students made 25 yellow flowers and 18 purple flowers, and the red flowers they made were 3 fewer than the total number of yellow flowers and purple flowers. How many red flowers did you make? ② The students made 25 yellow flowers and 18 purple flowers, and the number of red flowers made was 3 less than the total number of yellow flowers and purple flowers. How many three kinds of flowers did a * * * make? ③ The students made 25 yellow flowers and 18 purple flowers, and the number of red flowers made was 3 less than the total number of yellow flowers and purple flowers. How much does safflower bloom more than yellow flower (or how much does safflower bloom more than purple flower)? "Teachers according to the teaching content and teaching objectives, taking question ① as an example, to carry out specific teaching process.
Third, the use of conversation in primary school mathematics teaching requirements
1, make full preparations before class. Conversation requires teachers and students to make full preparations before class. (1) Teachers' preparation before class. First of all, teachers need to deeply understand textbooks, fully tap the contents of textbooks and curriculum standards, fully grasp and analyze the level of students' existing knowledge, fully grasp and analyze the problems existing in students' learning, and fully grasp students' learning methods and learning needs; Secondly, teachers choose appropriate teaching AIDS according to the characteristics of teaching knowledge and teaching methods, and effectively carry out the teaching process of asking and answering questions. Third, teachers set effective questions according to the teaching content. Finally, the teacher should set some backup questions according to the students' expected learning effect. (2) Students preview before class. The preparation of students is mainly to review and preview what they have learned or what they have learned.
2. The questions should be clear and specific, moderately difficult and targeted. Specific problems in the classroom are the most important way in conversation teaching and the core of the whole teaching. Therefore, the problems of teachers' setting in primary school mathematics teaching need to be targeted, closely related to teaching materials, and systematic and coherent to some extent; At the same time, the questions set by teachers need to be clear and specific, avoid ambiguity and emptiness, and it is difficult to always ask questions, which can actively stimulate students' thinking and learning initiative.
3. Pay attention to students' learning style and learning needs. Teachers' questions are aimed at students' learning activities. Teachers' questioning and questioning methods should fully consider students' usual learning styles as a whole, and students' different nature and different learning needs should be fully considered. For example, primary school students prefer to study in some small games, and the questions set by teachers need to be interesting. Teachers' questions can be competitive, and students need to answer in groups.
4. Pay attention to the way of asking questions. Teachers need to face all students when asking questions, let all students think actively and effectively, and then designate a student to answer. Teachers' questions need to take care of students with different learning levels; When students answer questions, teachers should listen to what students say patiently, and ask other students to listen carefully to other students' answers and think positively, and then prepare to supplement other students' incomplete answers. For example, when reviewing the polygon area, the teacher sets "calculation method of parallelogram area, parallelogram base and parallelogram height", "triangle area,
How to calculate the base and height of triangle, how to calculate the area, height, top and bottom of trapezoid, and how to compare the areas of triangle and parallelogram. Then, ask the students to answer the questions in groups. Finally, each group sends a representative to answer questions.
5. Give full play to the leading role of teachers. When teaching by speaking, the leading role of teachers is mainly manifested in two aspects: on the one hand, teachers actively guide all students to think and solve problems; On the other hand, in the process of listening carefully to students' answers, teachers can effectively obtain feedback information from students' answers, timely and effectively adjust the angle, scope and depth of questions, and effectively standardize the whole teaching process. This is for students to find answers to questions smoothly, find ways to think and answer quickly, and complete teaching tasks.