Chapter 1 Traveling around the Biological World
The first section creatures around us
1. Judge (1)×(2)√(3)× Judge
Step 2: Give a short answer.
A: I don't agree. Because everything around us is unremarkable, but it is closely related to our lives and should be taken care of by us.
The relationship between biology and environment in the second quarter
1. Judgment (1)×(2)√(3)√.
Step 2: Give a short answer.
(1) A: This is a question with multiple answers. As long as the answer is reasonable, students should be encouraged to think positively. The usual answer may be:
If one day the sun suddenly disappears, plants will die on the earth first. Because photosynthesis of plants needs light, without photosynthesis, not only plants themselves can't survive, but also animals that directly or indirectly feed on plants can't survive, and the survival of microorganisms such as bacteria will also be threatened.
(2) a:
This topic is open and requires students to pay attention to economic development, improvement of people's living standards, environmental protection and sustainable development. On the basis of full investigation and study, we will put forward convincing suggestions.
Section 3 Biology around us
1.judge( 1)√(2)×(3)× 1
Step 2: Give a short answer.
Guidance: This question is open-ended, just answer the questions related to biology.
Chapter II Exploring Life
The first part explores the tools of life
1 select a and b.
2 Drawing (1) mainly includes eyepiece and objective lens. (2) Mainly blinds and mirrors.
3 short answer
A:
Move the slide specimen. If the stain moves with it, it means that the stain is on the slide specimen. Turn the eyepiece. If the stain rotates with it, it means the stain is on the eyepiece. The base and eyepiece are not included, indicating that the stain is on the objective lens.
The second part discusses the methods of life.
1 Judgment (1)×(2)√(3)×
2 short answer
A: The purpose of designing a control experiment is to ensure that there is only one variable in the experiment and other factors remain unchanged, which is conducive to drawing a correct conclusion.
Unit 2 Structural Hierarchy of Organisms
Chapter III Cells are the Basic Units of Life Activities
Section 1 Structure and Function of Plant Cells
1? Option d
2? Judge (1)×(2)√(3)× judge
3? Short answer
Answer: (1) Pay attention to saving the observation data as much as possible; (2)
In the non-pruning season, the mature leaves at the bottom of Buxus buxus and other plants were observed, and in the pruning season, the mature leaves on the branches of Buxus buxus and other plants were observed. (3)
Try not to destroy plants such as boxwood and their natural environment.
Section 2 Structure and Function of Human and Animal Cells
1? Select (1) b (2) b.
2? Short answer
A: See the table below.
Plant cell
Animal cell
discrepancy
structure
There are cell walls, chloroplasts and large vacuoles.
There are no cell walls, chloroplasts and large vacuoles.
function
Can carry out photosynthesis.
Can't carry out photosynthesis.
Chapter IV Composition of Organisms
Section 1 Cell division and differentiation
1? Select (1) a (2) c (3) b.
2? Short answer
A:
(1) Fertilize and water crops or flowers in time in agricultural production, for example, sometimes topdressing crops such as rice or flowers such as Chinese rose or spraying fertilizer on the leaves, and spraying water on the seedlings of crops or flowers.
(2) Before sowing crops or flowers, deeply plough the soil and loosen it, and water it when sowing; When raising animals, provide them with nutritious feed and proper drinking water. These are all production measures to promote cell growth.
Section II Composition of Multicellular Organisms
1. Select (1) d (2) c.
2. Judges (1)×(2)×(3)× Judges
The third quarter single-celled organisms
1? Select (1) a (2) d.
2? Short answer
Answer: Because paramecium lives in lightly polluted water, it can consume organic matter in water and reduce organic matter in sewage, so paramecium has the function of purifying sewage.
Chapter V Life of Green Plants
Section 1 Germination of Plant Seeds
1. Judgment (1)×(2)× 1
2. Select (1) d (2) a.
Step 3: Give a short answer.
A:
There are many reasons for the low germination rate of seeds. It may be that the embryo of the seed has lost its activity or is not yet fully mature, it may also be that the sowing conditions (such as low temperature, poor air permeability and too dry soil) are not suitable, or it may be a fake seed mixed with seeds of different qualities.
Section 2 Growth of Plant Roots
1. Select (1)C(2)DA.
Step 2: Give a short answer.
A:
When transplanting plants, root hairs will be damaged, which will greatly weaken the absorption function of roots and cause leaf wilting. Transplanting with soil can mainly reduce the damage of root hair, which is beneficial to the absorption of water by roots and the survival of plants.
Third, water saving and inorganic salts are necessary for plant growth.
1. Select (1) c (2) c (3) b (4) a.
Step 2: Give a short answer.
A: No, because different plants have different demands for inorganic salts. Even the same plant has different demands for inorganic salts in different growth periods.
Section 4 Plant Stem Dredging Function.
1. Select (1) d (2) b.
Step 2: Give a short answer.
A:
Wrong. Fixing the iron wire on the tree will block the sieve tube in the phloem, so that the organic matter on it cannot be transported downwards, so it will accumulate and form nodules. In severe cases, the roots of trees will die if they are not supplied with organic matter for a long time, and the whole tree will die.
Section 5 flowering and fruiting of plants
1. Judgment (1)×(2)√(3)√.
2. Select (1) d (2) c.
Step 3: Give a short answer.
A: The flowering of plants is influenced by external factors such as temperature and sunshine length. The temperature in the mountains is lower than that in the mountains, so the peach blossoms in the mountains bloom later.
Chapter VI Photosynthesis and Breathing of Green Plants
Section 1 Discovery of Plant Photosynthesis
1. Select (1) b (2) c.
Step 2: Give a short answer.
A:
Sheep grazing is related to photosynthesis. On the one hand, if the number of sheep and the area of grassland are suitable, sheep will eat some grass, especially the top of grass, which is beneficial to the photosynthesis of grass and grow more luxuriantly. On the other hand, if the number of sheep exceeds the capacity of grassland, the number of grass decreases and the products of photosynthesis decrease.
Section II Places for Photosynthesis of Plants
1. Judgment (1)×(2)√.
2. Select (1) b (2) c.
Section III Nature of Plant Photosynthesis
1. select a.
Step 2: Give a short answer.
A: This kind of leaf is made by using the principle that green leaves make starch under light. Specific processes and
The experimental process of making starch from green leaves under light is basically the same, except that the round black paper used for shading is replaced with paper with the word "M".
The fourth quarter, the respiration of plants.
1. Judgment (1)×(2)× 1
Step 2: Give a short answer.
A:
It is harmful to human health to move a lot of vigorous green plants into a closed bedroom in winter. Because, at night, plants produce carbon dioxide through breathing. Too many plants will produce a lot of carbon dioxide, which will affect people's breathing and make people suffer from hypoxia.
Section 5 Application of the Principles of Photosynthesis and Respiration
1. select B.
Step 2: Give a short answer.
A:
The storage time of fresh fruits can be prolonged by reducing the ambient temperature and oxygen content. The principle is that reducing the temperature and oxygen content can reduce the respiration of plants, thus reducing the consumption of organic matter.
Chapter VII The Role of Green Plants in the Biosphere
Section 1 Green plants are the source of food
1. select C.
Step 2: Give a short answer.
The farmer noticed that "green food" should be pollution-free and safe. If pesticides are not used, the pollution-free safety of vegetables and foods will be guaranteed. However, the application of human excreta urine may cause pollution, because human excreta urine may contain pathogenic microorganisms. In addition, "green food" must be certified by specialized agencies. Either anyone thinks his food is pollution-free or green food. Therefore, the concept of farmers is wrong.
Section 2 Material Cycle of Green Plants and Biosphere
1. select a.
2. Judge (1)×(2)×
Step 3: Give a short answer.
( 1)
A: It is possible to cut off the Yangtze River, and the Yellow River is a precedent. Deforestation in the upstream will lead to a decrease in rainfall, insufficient water supply in the upstream and possible water cut-off in the downstream. In addition, after the forest is destroyed, it will also cause soil erosion, lead to sediment deposition in the middle and lower reaches, raise the riverbed and reduce the inflow. This topic guides students to care about environmental problems such as water shortage and deforestation in China, and forms emotional attitudes and values of protecting the environment and loving the motherland.
(2)
A: This question is open-ended, mainly through discussion to make students pay attention to the things around them, thus forming the values of harmonious coexistence between man and nature. "oxygen bar" can only partially alleviate the environmental problems caused by the destruction of carbon-oxygen balance. To fundamentally solve the problem of carbon-oxygen imbalance, we must take action from the source, that is, protect forests, plant trees and reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
The third section, greening our actions.
1. select d.
Step 2: Give a short answer.
( 1)
A: Students can agree or disagree with the above views. Students who agree to use disposable chopsticks think that using disposable chopsticks is convenient and hygienic, and these used chopsticks can be recycled, so it will not cause too much damage to forest resources. Students who disagree think that although this idea is good, it is not easy to operate, which may cause the problem that used disposable chopsticks can not be recycled at all or the recovery rate is low, and disposable chopsticks are not necessarily hygienic, so it is better not to use disposable chopsticks. But the general principle of students' answer should be to protect forest resources.
(2) Answer: This question can be answered according to the actual situation of the school and explain the reasons.