Teaching plan of the second volume of fifth grade mathematics
Textbook analysis
Numbers and algebra
The first unit "Fractional addition and subtraction" understands the arithmetic of fractional addition and subtraction with different denominators and can calculate it correctly; Can understand the order of fractional addition and subtraction mixed operation, and can calculate correctly; Can convert fractions into finite decimals, and can also convert finite decimals into component numbers; Can solve the practical problems of simple fraction addition and subtraction in combination with the actual situation.
Unit 3 "Decimal Multiplication" explores and understands the significance of decimal multiplication and division in operational activities. Explore and master the calculation method of fractional multiplication and division, and calculate correctly; It can solve the practical problems of simple fractional multiplication and division and realize the close connection between mathematics and life.
Unit 5 "Fractional Division" Understand the meaning of reciprocal and find the reciprocal of a number. Can correctly carry out fractional mixing operation; Understanding the law of integer operation is also applicable to decimal operation; Combined with the actual situation, we can solve the practical problems of simple fractional mixing operation from many aspects and realize the wide application of fractional mixing operation in real life.
Unit 7 "Solving problems with equations" will analyze the quantitative relationship in simple practical problems and improve the ability of solving simple practical problems with equations. Because there are two unknowns, you need to choose to set one unknown as X, and then use letters to represent the other unknown according to the relationship between the two unknowns. At the same time, through the process of solving problems, we can experience the close connection between mathematics and daily life, and improve the ability of collecting information, processing information and establishing models.
The second and fourth units of space and graphics, "Cuboid (1), (2)", know cuboids, cubes and their basic characteristics through observation, operation and other activities, and know their development diagrams; Understand the meaning of volume (including volume); Know the unit of volume (including volume), explore and master the calculation methods of surface area and volume of cuboids and cubes, and solve simple practical problems; Explore some methods for measuring the volume of irregular objects; Guide students to develop hands-on operation ability and space concept in observation, operation and other activities. Unit 6 "Determine the position" can express the position of an object with direction and distance in a specific situation; In specific cases, the self-built parameters determine the location.
Statistics and Probability Unit 8 "Representation and Analysis of Data" Students learn the composite bar and line charts in this unit and feel the characteristics of composite bar and line charts. You can choose a composite bar chart and a composite line chart according to your needs to effectively represent the data; Be able to read simple composite statistical charts, make simple judgments and predictions according to statistical results, and communicate with peers. By understanding the meaning of median and mode through examples, we will find the median and mode of a group of data and explain the practical significance of the results.
Mathematics Interest This unit has three contents: symbolic long-distance running, interesting knowledge of folding and packaging. The main purpose is to encourage students to get as much effective information as possible from the data, to stimulate students' interest in learning mathematics, to experience mathematical thinking, to exercise their thinking ability, to accumulate thinking experience and to broaden their horizons.
Analysis of students' basic situation
The fifth-grade students have gradually strengthened their logical thinking ability and rich imagination in basic knowledge such as number and algebra. When preparing lessons, we should pay attention to the specific situation of top students and students with learning difficulties, develop good thinking habits, and let students cultivate their sense of responsibility on the basis of serious writing.
Term teaching objectives
1. Explore and understand the significance of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of fractions in operational activities in combination with specific conditions; Explore and master the calculation method of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of fractions and calculate them correctly; It can solve the practical problems of simple fraction addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, and experience the close relationship between mathematics and life.
If you understand the meaning of reciprocal, you will find the reciprocal of a number.
3. The fractional mixing operation can be performed correctly; Understanding the law of integer operation is also applicable to decimal operation; Combined with the actual situation, we can solve the practical problems of simple fractional mixing operation from many aspects and realize the wide application of fractional mixing operation in real life.
4, through observation, operation and other activities, know the cuboid, cube and their basic characteristics, and know the development diagram of cuboid and cube; Understand the meaning of volume (including volume); Know the unit of volume (including volume), explore and master the calculation methods of surface area and volume of cuboids and cubes, and solve simple practical problems; Explore some methods for measuring the volume of irregular objects; Guide students to develop hands-on operation ability and space concept in observation, operation and other activities.
5. Understand the characteristics and functions of compound bar graph and compound line graph; According to the need, you can choose bar charts and line charts to represent data intuitively and effectively; Through examples, we can further understand the meaning of the average, find the average of a group of data, and explain the practical significance of the results.
Be able to comprehensively apply the knowledge and methods learned to solve practical problems and feel the role of mathematics in daily life; Get some preliminary experience and methods of mathematical activities, and develop the ability to solve problems and think with mathematics; Feel the relationship between mathematical knowledge and understand the role of mathematics; In the process of cooperation and communication with peers, cultivate interest and self-confidence in mathematics learning.
The textbook of each unit focuses on difficult points.
Fraction addition and subtraction origami: 1. Mastering the methods of fractional addition and subtraction with different denominators can correctly calculate the mixed operation of fractional addition and subtraction, cultivate students' computing ability and exchange fractions and decimals correctly.
Cuboid (1) Teaching Emphasis: Understand the geometric structure of cuboid. Master the calculation method of cuboid surface area. Teaching difficulty: calculating the surface area of a cuboid flexibly.
Fractional multiplication: teaching focus: understand the significance of integer and fractional multiplication, and understand the significance and calculation method of fractional multiplication. Focus on cultivating the ability to analyze and solve problems. Teaching difficulty: the connection between the two meanings of integer and fraction multiplication.
Difficulties in cuboid teaching (2): Feel the practical significance of 1 m3, 1 cm3, 1 liter, 1 ml, and vividly describe the actual size of these unit volumes.
Fractional division: teaching focus: understand the significance of division with divisor as fraction and the calculation method of fractional division. Focus on cultivating the ability to analyze and solve problems. Difficulties in teaching: Divide the dividend into several parts on average, and each part is a fraction of the dividend. It is necessary to understand the meaning of dividing a fraction by an integer in combination with specific situations and operations. Divider means fractional division, which is understood from the perspective of how many divisors the dividend can divide.
Determine the position: key: on the grid paper, several pairs will be used to determine the position of the object. A method of determining the position of an object according to its direction and distance. Difficulties: accurately understand the difference between "30 degrees south by east" and "30 degrees east by south". In specific cases, we can judge the direction according to different observation points.
Solving problems with equations: teaching emphasis: mastering the methods of solving problems with equations. Teaching difficulty: we can quickly analyze and find the equal relationship between quantity and column equation.
Representation and analysis of data: the teaching focus is on the drawing method and reading ability of composite bar line and composite broken line statistical chart; Understand the meaning of average, learn to find the average of simple data, put forward mathematical problems and make simple judgments and speculations according to statistical charts; Understand the meaning of average.
Main teaching measures
1, change the teaching method. In mathematics teaching, teachers must change "conclusion-oriented" teaching into "process-oriented" teaching, pay attention to reappearing the process of knowledge generation and formation, and guide students to explore and discover.
2. Carry out group cooperative learning in class, let students spell, spell and speak, let students speak freely and communicate with each other, reduce students' psychological pressure, give full play to students' subjectivity, and cultivate students' innovative consciousness and practical ability.
3. Pay attention to open teaching in teaching, and cultivate students' awareness of choosing appropriate methods to solve practical problems according to specific conditions. For example, we can broaden students' knowledge, communicate the internal relationship between knowledge and cultivate students' adaptability by means of multiple solutions to one question, changeable questions, multiple questions and multiple compilation of one question.
4, the arrangement of exercises, from shallow to deep, reflecting the hierarchy. Different students should have different requirements and exercises, and both gifted students and students with learning difficulties should be guided.
5. Strengthen mathematical practice activities, let students understand the relationship between mathematical knowledge and real life, let students feel that there is mathematics everywhere in life, and use the practical significance of mathematics to induce and cultivate students' love for mathematics.
Measures to transform underachievers: cultivate their self-confidence. Only by establishing the self-confidence of underachievers can we find a breakthrough point in our transformation work. We should educate the underachievers in a scientific way. Be tolerant of underachievers and blame them less. To achieve "three hearts": sincerity, love and patience. Attach importance to contact with family.