First-year students have just stepped into the threshold of primary school, and the sudden changes in learning time, methods and requirements make them in an unsuitable state, unable to develop a good concept of learning, lacking active and lasting patience in learning, being passive in class and not paying attention, which affects the teaching effect. Therefore, teachers should educate students according to their age characteristics, design and practice classes that students are willing to participate in, so that students can feel the importance and interest of learning mathematics and know how to learn mathematics better. Based on my own practice, this paper expounds how to stimulate freshmen's desire to actively participate in classroom activities from three aspects: cultivating their correct learning concept, stimulating their interest in learning, and teaching students how to speak, so as to improve the effectiveness of mathematics classroom.

Keywords: learning outlook, active participation in learning interest, effectiveness of speech

First of all, the questions raised

Confucius, a great educator, said, "The knower is not as good as the knower, and the knower is not as good as the knower". This shows that interest plays a catalytic role in students' learning. Classroom teaching is the main position of quality education. It should not only undertake the teaching task of cultivating students' basic quality, but also make students have a strong internal driving force to actively explore the mysteries of mathematics and experience the fun of learning mathematics.

Mathematics is a science that reflects the quantitative relationship and spatial form in the real world. It has the characteristics of high abstraction, strict logic and wide application. As an important basic discipline and tool discipline, it also occupies an important position in primary schools. Primary school mathematics, as an enlightenment stage, is still abstract. The abstract thinking of first-grade children is still immature, and most of them rely on teachers and parents to learn mathematics, so they can't consciously complete their learning tasks. There are many problems, such as lack of learning purpose, lack of interest in learning, lack of active inquiry spirit and lack of confidence in learning mathematics well, which seriously affect the positive degree of students' participation in learning activities.

Therefore, how to educate students about the purpose of learning, how to stimulate interest, build confidence, how to create situations, and how to let students of different degrees actively participate in learning activities, so as to maximize the efficiency of classroom teaching, are issues that we educators must study in depth.

Second, the main concepts and theoretical basis

(A) the dominant position of students

Marx's humanistic thought holds that man is the subject and plays a decisive role in activities. Mathematics learning is student-centered. Teachers are the organizers, guides and collaborators of students' mathematical activities; According to the specific situation of students, the teaching materials are reprocessed and the teaching process is creatively designed; It is necessary to correctly understand the individual differences of students, teach students in accordance with their aptitude, and let each student develop on the original basis; Let students have a successful experience and establish self-confidence in learning mathematics well.

(B) the psychological needs of students

Interest is a psychological characteristic of personality, and it is a psychological tendency to actively explore something or engage in certain activities under the influence of certain emotional experience. When primary school students are interested in mathematics, they will have an internal driving force, and they will take the initiative to explore happily and form a strong desire to learn.

Mathematics teaching should closely connect with students' real life, create vivid and interesting situations from students' life experience and existing knowledge, guide students to observe, calculate, guess, reason, communicate and other activities, enable students to master basic mathematics knowledge and skills through mathematics activities, initially learn to observe things and think about problems from a mathematical point of view, and stimulate students' interest in mathematics.

I hope it helps you.