1, beauty is the harmony of numbers, which refers to the aesthetic theory in mathematics, and its core idea is the harmonious beauty of numbers. It holds that the aesthetic value in mathematics lies in the harmonious relationship between numbers, that is, the aesthetic effects such as proportion, symmetry and rhythm between numbers and shapes. This aesthetic theory mainly evaluates the value of beauty from the perspective of form and structure, ignoring the practicality and value of beauty.

2. Beauty is the maximization of utility, which is a pragmatic aesthetic theory, and holds that the essence of beauty lies in the maximization of utility, that is, the maximization of actual value. This aesthetic theory mainly evaluates the value of beauty from the perspective of practicality and functionality, and pays attention to the actual benefit and value of beauty.