The curriculum goal of integrating the application ability of information technology with the cultivation of humanistic quality;
Course content that meets the needs of students' physical and mental development; A curriculum structure conducive to the all-round development and personality development of all students.
The Learning Purpose of Algorithm and Programming
The curriculum standard points out: make students further experience the idea of algorithm on the basis of the original, and understand the position and function of algorithm and programming in the process of solving problems; Can start from a simple problem, design an algorithm to solve the problem, and can initially use a programming language to write an algorithm to solve the problem.
In the teaching of this module, we should pay attention to the connection with the relevant contents in mathematics courses, emphasize the combination of theory and practice, guide students to find and discover practical problems around them, and then design algorithms and computer programs to solve these problems. Teachers should pay attention to finding students with special talents in programming and provide them with enough development space according to the specific situation. This module emphasizes the method of solving practical problems through algorithms and programming, and does not specify the choice of programming language.
(A) the basic process of computer problem solving
1. Content standard
(1) With examples, it has gone through the basic process of solving problems with computers, such as analyzing problems, determining algorithms and programming solutions, and realized the position and role of algorithms and programming in them.
(2) Go through the process of describing the algorithm with natural language, flow chart or pseudo code.
(3) In the process of solving practical problems by using computers, we can understand the three basic structures of sequence, selection and circulation and their important functions by watching demonstrations, imitation, exploration and practice, master the basic concepts of computer programs, and explain the basic process of computer program execution.
(4) Understand the basic knowledge of programming language, editing program, compiling program, linking program and program development environment.
2. Activity suggestion
Some experts believe that problems that can be solved by computer technology can be divided into three categories according to their structural degree: structural problems are problems that can be described and solved by formal (or formulaic) methods; Unstructured problems are difficult to describe in a definite form and are mainly solved by experience; The semi-structured problem lies between the above two. According to this idea, please examine the examples of structured problems and summarize the general rules for solving such problems.
(b) Preliminary programming language
1. Content standard
(1) Understand and master the basic knowledge of a programming language, including statements, data types, variables, constants, expressions and functions. Three control structures, sequence, selection and cycle, can be realized by programming language.
Example 1 sequence structure: statistics of a user's electricity and water charges for one year.
Example 2: Choose the structure: design a charging scheme for postal parcels, and charge 0.85 yuan per kilogram for postal parcels not exceeding 20 kilograms; If it exceeds 20kg, the excess part shall be calculated as per kg 1 yuan.
Example 3 Circular structure: design a scoring scheme for the campus singer contest, 10 judges, remove a highest score and a lowest score, and calculate the average score.
(2) Understand the basic idea of modular programming and master its basic methods.
(3) Master the methods of debugging and running programs.
(4) In the process of using object-oriented programming language to solve problems, master the basic ideas and methods of object-oriented programming language, be familiar with the concepts of object, attribute, event, event-driven and learn to use them.
(5) Be able to tell the history and process of the emergence and development of programming languages, and explain its significance.
2. Activity suggestion
(1) Select an example, analyze and design the algorithm according to the problem-solving requirements, properly use three control structures to write the source program, debug and run the program, and experience the logical characteristics of the programming language in the process.
(2) Discuss the ideas and methods of modular programming and object-oriented programming languages respectively, and look forward to the development trend of computer programming.