(Pythagoras)

Pythagoras was a Greek philosopher, mathematician, music theorist and astronomer. Born in Samos Island on the west coast of Asia Minor in about 560 BC, he died in Yuanfengtoum in about 480 BC.

Pythagoras studied under PiRiseth in Siros Island in his early years, and later under anaximander of Ai Ou Nia School. It is reported that he conducted scientific research under the guidance of Thales, known as the "father of science". After traveling to Egypt, Babylon and other places, I learned a lot of mathematics and astronomy, and began to give lectures after returning home.

Pythagoras is the second Greek mathematician with reliable records in history (the first refers to Thales). Mathematics, as a science, actually began in Pythagoras. As Demetrius, a scientific historian in the 4th century BC, said, "Pythagoras founded mathematics and turned it into a noble art. ..

Based on the belief that everything is a number, Big Brother Lars and his disciples first put the abstract concept of number in the first place, and closely linked arithmetic and geometry, for example, regarded the units in arithmetic as "numbers without positions" and the points in geometry as "units with positions". They put forward a method to distinguish odd numbers, even numbers and prime numbers. Find a perfect number (if a number is equal to the river of all its true factors, it is called a perfect number) and an affinity number (two numbers are affinity, that is, any number is the river of true factors of another number). It is also proved that if 2n- 1 is prime, 2n- 1 is perfect. They also studied the number of triangles, squares, pentagons, etc.

Big brother Lars himself is famous for discovering Pythagorean theorem. More importantly, the study of Pythagoras theorem by this school led to the discovery of incommensurability measure. This prompted eudoxus to look for an advanced proportional theory which is applicable to both commensurability and incommensurability.

The Pythagorean School has made remarkable achievements in establishing transcendental Zephyr in a certain range. They admit and emphasize that the object of mathematics is abstract thinking, which is different from practical things. They introduced logical factors into mathematics to prove propositions, which can be said to have done a lot of work and laid the foundation for Euclid's axiomatic system. They proved Thales' triangle interior angle sum theorem; The theorem of interior angle sum of polygons is given. It is proved that planes can be filled with equilateral triangles, squares and regular hexagons, and spaces can be filled with cubes. The practice of regular pentagons and similar polygons was discovered. Five regular polyhedrons were found, which correspond to various substances in nature.

A very important contribution of Pythagoras school is the theory of area fitting. It is the basic theory of Greek geometry, and later developed and produced the exhaustive method. The method of area fitting enables them to explain that a graphic rainstorm surrounded by a straight line is equal to or less than another imprisonment. In this concept, cells in one area are considered to be contained in a certain multiple by another area. Greek mathematicians did not say the area of a figure, but only the ratio of two faces. Because of the incommensurability, this definition method cannot be accurate before the concept of number has developed to a perfect level. It was not until the second half of19th century that the exact definition was formed, and it was this concept that laid the foundation of the whole calculus.