Research shows that primary school is the key period to cultivate children's good study habits. Once the critical period is missed, the tasks of parents and teachers will accumulate and be miserable. Therefore, cultivating children's good study habits is an important task for parents and teachers at this stage.

There was once a mother who expressed her confusion in the process of cultivating her children's study habits: "My children will take notes in class and sometimes preview them in advance. I feel that his study habits are quite good, that is, it is easy to "fish for three days and dry the net for two days" and can't persist. what can I do?

Next, we will take this mother's confusion as an example to uncover the mystery of study habits.

In this question, there are two aspects you need to know:

One: What are study habits?

Second: How to cultivate children's good study habits?

The author consulted some educational psychology literature on these two issues, and then we discussed and understood "study habits" according to the confusion of this parent:

Where does it usually hide?

How to cultivate good study habits?

What is a study habit?

Learning habit refers to the stable and automatic learning behavior formed by students through repeated practice in the process of learning activities, that is, the consistent and automatic behavior of students in learning.

It can be seen that those learning behaviors of "fishing for three days and drying the net for two days" cannot be called study habits.

So what are study habits?

Some students think that students who study well are born with excellent study habits.

Here, we should rehabilitate the "study habit": study habit is not inherited, but a habit that students gradually develop when they enter the school and family environment, and the acquired environment plays an important role in the formation of study habit.

Physiologically speaking, study habit is a kind of conditioned reflex, which belongs to the category of non-intellectual factors.

Therefore, good study habits are not innate, but need to be cultivated and trained. Study habits can be developed like brushing your teeth and washing your face.

Regarding study habits, there is another view that "I didn't like reading since I was a child, and of course I couldn't form the habit of reading".

Habits and interests can be cultivated, but we don't know the fun yet. And once the study habit is formed, it will be relatively stable, but if you take a detour, don't be anxious. It can be corrected after some training.

Therefore, good study habits need to be maintained, and bad study habits need to be corrected in time.

Then why are all the students who can study in the classroom instead of the canteen?

Please take the initiative to take out a notebook of records:

The formation of study habits needs a certain trigger mechanism, which is the situation.

Cultivating good study habits needs to be carried out in corresponding learning situations, for example, cultivating the study habit of listening carefully needs to be carried out in the classroom.

Therefore, the formation of study habits needs situational induction.

This also reminds parents to create a learning situation for their children. Don't send milk or fruit at will when the child is absorbed in his study and thinking seriously ... because this way of caring may interrupt the child's state of mind, interrupt his learning motivation and affect his concentration and endurance.

Of course, if you want to do similar caring actions, you can do it when your child finishes a learning stage, such as between finishing math homework and not writing English homework.

Study habit is a habitual unconscious behavior that students develop when they study. Many learning behaviors that appear in your current learning process may be your study habits.

Because once the study habit is formed, it will appear automatically, so once it is formed, learning will choose the best mode to proceed automatically. Isn't this a shortcut?

Generally speaking, learning habits are relatively stable learning behaviors that students automatically show in certain learning situations, such as the habit of listening carefully in class.

Because of the diversity of learning situations, we know many kinds of learning habits, such as doing homework, reading, taking notes and so on.

So how much do you know about the level of study habits?

Some researchers mainly divide learning habits into two categories: basic learning habits and developmental learning habits.

Basic study habits refer to relatively simple, concrete and elementary study habits, which are relatively easy to develop through certain behavior training. Such as classroom listening habits (taking notes, listening carefully, raising your hand actively, etc.). ), homework practice habits (writing, homework check, etc. ), etc. (See the picture above).

Developmental learning habits tend to be on the level of ability and quality, which takes a long time to form and is personalized. It mainly includes the habit of making study plans (see above).

Of course, basic study habits and developmental study habits are not isolated. In the process of cultivating basic study habits, it will inevitably promote the development of study habits.

For example, if a student has a good habit of listening carefully in class, taking notes carefully in class and thinking positively about the questions raised by the teacher, then gradually he will develop the habit of thinking seriously and asking questions diligently.

If you only stay in the basic study habits, you are not independent enough!

How to cultivate children's study habits?

Combining Vygotsky's theory of the zone of proximal development and the theory of the critical period of study, a large number of studies show that the primary school stage is the critical period for cultivating students' study habits, and the secondary school stage can be improved.

Therefore, this paper mainly discusses the cultivation methods of primary school students' study habits, and the cultivation of middle school students' study habits can be used as a reference.

Zhao Lixia pointed out in the article "Study on the Cultivation of Pupils' Learning Habits" that the formation of learning habits is mainly divided into three stages:

In the first stage, unconscious behavior needs external coercion, that is to say, at this stage, parents and teachers need to force students to do certain learning behaviors, such as arranging homework before class;

The second stage is a more conscious behavior, which does not need external supervision and needs one's own will;

In the third stage, conscious behavior requires neither external supervision nor self-effort, that is, students will spontaneously carry out some learning behaviors at this stage.

The first stage is particularly important in the formation of study habits, and it is also a stage in which parents and teachers play an important role. The transition from the first stage to the second stage and then to the third stage also needs the assistance of parents and teachers.

Most parents and teachers will meet the following conditions when cultivating their children's study habits:

"Your handwriting is not very good, but it is good."

"Don't be careless when you do your homework."

"How many times have I told you to preview before class? Why not preview it in advance! "

Our parents will be anxious and think that I started to cultivate children's study habits very early. Why didn't he take the initiative to do it and his academic performance didn't improve?

Attention! ! ! At this time, you may have entered the misunderstanding of cultivating children's study habits!

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Parents and teachers should pay attention to the following four main principles and three basic links when cultivating their children's good study habits, so as to avoid going astray!

four principles

(1) interest principle

Interest is a good tutor to cultivate children's good study habits.

When cultivating children's good study habits, children should not be required to practice hard, but should be trained in interesting forms, such as games and competitions, in combination with the age characteristics of primary school students.

(2) the principle of activities

The cultivation of children's study habits needs specific situational activities, and the cultivation of children's good study habits should be combined with specific educational and teaching activities.

When cultivating children's good study habits, we can carry out more interesting activities, let children participate in them, and strengthen them through activities to keep them going.

(3) the principle of wholeness

Behavior and habit interact with each other. To cultivate good study habits, we should not fight alone, but have an overall policy and combine it with good living habits.

It is difficult for a careless person in daily life to form a serious and careful habit in his study.

(4) the principle of gradual progress

When cultivating children's good study habits, remember that "you can't eat hot tofu in a hurry." Focus on cultivating good habits for a period of time and gradually correct bad habits.

The cultivation of children's good study habits is a long-term and gradual process. In this process, parents and teachers should do a good job in psychological construction for themselves and guide their children more patiently in the face of possible repetition.

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(1) Legend

When we start to cultivate children's study habits at an early age, we should put forward specific requirements for children, explain the reasons and benefits to children, and induce their initiative.

That's easy to say, but how to do it?

For example, "preview before class" can set a few small requirements for children:

1, read through the textbook to understand the main content of this lesson;

2. Underline what you don't understand in the textbook;

3. Try to practice some topics;

4. Ask your own questions about the content of this lesson and discuss them with your classmates or parents.

(2) For example

In the early stage of cultivating students' study habits, what children see and hear is the main way for them to receive information. Therefore, the behavior demonstration of parents and teachers can directly affect children's habits.

When children know how to do a good job in learning behavior, they should be trained repeatedly to enhance their practicality and gradually develop habits.

For example, when cultivating children's habit of previewing before class, teachers or parents can take their children through the whole process of previewing before class. When children know how to preview before class, let them do it alone, and then insist on arranging the task of preview before class, so that children can train repeatedly until they form a habit.

(3) Strengthen

In the process of cultivating good study habits, parents and teachers need to give positive feedback in time, and those who perform well can be encouraged, praised or even rewarded.

Cultivate good habits with addition and correct bad habits with subtraction!

If we say that cultivating children's good study habits is to make children's good study habits from scratch and constantly supplement them;

Then correcting children's bad study habits is to make these bad habits start from scratch and constantly do subtraction.

Correcting children's bad study habits requires one more step than cultivating good habits, that is, let children know the difference between their bad study habits and excellent study habits, and then follow the three steps to cultivate children's good study habits.

It should be noted that when children's bad habits appear less and less, parents and teachers can also give their children some encouragement and praise!