The thinking process of solving mathematical problems refers to the whole process of thinking activities from understanding problems, exploring ideas, transforming problems to solving problems and reviewing. For the thinking process of solving mathematical problems, G. Paulia put forward four stages, see the appendix, namely, clarifying the problem, making a plan, realizing the plan and reviewing.

The essence of these four stages of thinking process can be summarized in the following eight words: understanding, transformation, implementation and reflection. The first stage: understanding the problem is the beginning of problem-solving thinking activities. The second stage: transformation is the core of problem-solving thinking activities, an active attempt to explore the direction and way of problem-solving, and a process of selecting and adjusting thinking strategies.

The third stage: plan implementation is the realization of problem-solving process, which includes a series of flexible application of basic knowledge and skills and concrete expression of thinking process, and is an important part of problem-solving thinking activities. The fourth stage: the problem of reflection is often ignored by people. It is an important aspect of developing mathematical thinking, the end of a thinking activity process and the beginning of another new thinking activity process.

Familiarity strategy The so-called familiarity strategy means that when we are faced with a strange topic that we have never touched before, we should try to turn it into a previously solved or familiar topic, so as to make full use of the existing knowledge, experience or problem-solving mode and successfully solve the original topic.