1. Fundamentals of physics: Applied optics is a branch of physics, so it is necessary to have solid basic knowledge of physics, especially the knowledge of mechanics, electromagnetism and wave optics.

2. Mathematical basis: Applied optics involves a lot of mathematical calculation and deduction, and requires a high level of mathematics, especially knowledge of calculus, linear algebra and probability theory.

3. Geometrical optics: Geometrical optics is the basis of applied optics, and it is necessary to master the basic concepts and principles of light propagation, refraction, reflection, interference and diffraction.

4. Wave optics: Wave optics is a subject that studies the wave properties of light, and it needs to master the basic properties of light waves, light wave equations, polarization and other concepts and principles.

5. Information optics: Information optics is a subject that studies the application of light in information processing and transmission, and it needs to know about optical fiber communication, laser technology, photoelectric sensors, etc.

6. Experimental skills: Applied optics is a highly experimental subject, which requires certain experimental skills, such as operating optical instruments, measuring light intensity, adjusting light path, etc.

7. Computer skills: Computer technology is widely used in modern optical research, such as numerical simulation, data processing and image processing. , so you need to have certain computer skills.

8. Learning ability: The knowledge in the field of optics is updated rapidly, which requires a strong learning ability to constantly learn new theories and technologies to adapt to the ever-developing science and technology.