Selection of experimental animals in pharmacological research. Mice, rats, guinea pigs and rabbits are generally selected for pharmacological research.

(1) Mice commonly used in acute toxicity test, weighing 65438±08 ~ 22g, male or female. Every time 5~ 10 animals were injected with a certain dose of liquid medicine through tail vein or abdominal cavity, and any adverse reactions (such as convulsion, quadriplegia, gait instability, hair bristling, respiratory depression, etc. ) or death. Generally observed for 24~48 hours. * * The weight is 50kg, and the weight of mice is 20g, that is, the weight of human is about 2500 times that of mice. If the human dose is 2ml, then 0.5ml will not cause death to mice, that is, the tolerance dose of mice is more than 625 times that of human use. The greater the multiple, the less toxic. Generally speaking, it is safe to calculate the tolerance dose of mice * more than 100 times of human dose, and it can be used in clinic.

(2) Mice can be selected for subacute and chronic toxicity test, and the method is basically similar to that of acute toxicity test, but the dosage is small. Mice were given 20~50 times of human dose orally or intraperitoneally every day according to their body weight, and observed for 1~8 weeks. The chronic toxicity test takes 3~6 months. Observe the changes of body weight, food intake and water consumption, and whether there are other adverse reactions or deaths (including visual inspection of internal organs or tissue biopsy). Do blood picture and liver and kidney function examination when necessary. This experiment is also often used in mice.

(III) Allergy test Six guinea pigs weighing 250~350g were injected with 0.5ml of liquid medicine intraperitoneally every other day for three times. Then they were divided into two groups. On 14 and 2 1 day of * * injection, 1 ml of original liquid medicine was injected from the jugular vein. If allergic reaction occurs, guinea pigs will be excited, have difficulty breathing and suffocate quickly within a few minutes after injection.