Let's take a look at the libraries commonly used in python:
Numerical calculation library:
1.NumPy
Supports multidimensional array and matrix operations, and also provides a large number of mathematical function libraries for array operations. Usually used with SciPy and Matplotlib, it supports more kinds of numerical types than Python. The most important object defined is an n-dimensional array type named ndarray, which is used to describe a collection of elements of the same type, and the elements in the collection can be accessed by using a 0-based index.
2.SciPy
On the basis of NumPy library, many library functions commonly used in mathematics, science and engineering calculation are added, such as linear algebra, numerical solution of ordinary differential equations, signal processing, image processing, sparse matrix and so on. C language can be used for interpolation processing, signal filtering and accelerated calculation.
3. Panda
A tool based on NumPy was born to solve the task of data analysis. It includes a large number of libraries and some standard data models, provides tools needed for efficient operation of large data sets and a large number of functions and methods that can process data quickly and conveniently, provides good support for time Series analysis, and provides a variety of data structures, such as series, Time-Series, DataFrame and Panel.
Data visualization library:
4.Matplotlib
The first Python visualization library, many other libraries are based on it or directly call the library, which can easily get the general information of the data, and its function is very powerful, but it is also very complicated.
5. marine
Matplotlib is used to make beautiful charts with concise code. The biggest difference from Matplotlib is that the default painting style and color matching have modern beauty.
6.ggplot
Ggplot2, a drawing library based on R, uses the concept from graphic grammar at the same time, allowing different layers to be superimposed to complete a picture, which is not suitable for making very personalized images, and sacrifices the complexity of the image for the simplicity of operation.
7. scattered scenery
Like ggplot, the perspective is based on the concept of graphic grammar. The difference with ggplot is that it is completely based on Python, instead of quoting R. The advantage is that it can be used to make interactive charts that can be used directly in the network. Charts can be output as JSON objects, HTML documents or interactive web applications.
8.Plotly
It can be used through Python notebook, which is specially used to make interactive charts like scattered views, but it provides several chart types that can hardly be found in other libraries, such as isoline chart, tree chart, three-dimensional chart and so on.
9.hip
Like Bokeh and Plotly, provide interactive images that can be directly embedded in web browsers. The main difference from the other two is that charts can be output in SVG format, all charts are encapsulated as methods, and the default style is also beautiful, so you can easily make beautiful charts with a few lines of code.
10.geoplotlib
Toolbox for making maps and geo-related data. It can be used to make various maps, such as equivalent area map, heat map, point density map and so on. Pyglet (an object-oriented programming interface) must be installed before it can be used.
1 1. Missing number.
Quickly evaluate the situation of missing data through images, sort or filter the data according to the integrity of the data, or correct the data according to the heat map or tree diagram.
Web development library:
12. Jiang Ge
An advanced Python Web framework, which supports rapid development and provides everything from template engine to ORM. When using this library to build an App, you must follow Django's way.
13. (power supply) socket
Use socket communication basic library to establish TCP or UDP connection between server and client, and send requests and responses through the connection.
14. Bottle
A Python lightweight micro-framework based on Werkzeug and Jinja 2, which is equipped with Jinja template engine by default, also contains other template engines or ORM to choose from, and is suitable for writing API services (RESTful rervices).
15. twisted
An event-driven network engine framework based on Python, built on deferred object, is a high-performance engine realized by asynchronous architecture, which is not suitable for writing regular Web Apps, but more suitable for the underlying network.
Database management:
16.MySQL-python
Also called MySQLdb, it is the most popular driver for Python to connect with MySQL, and many frameworks are also developed based on this library. Only Python 2.x is supported, and there are many prerequisites for installation. Because the library is developed based on C language, the installation on Windows platform is very unfriendly and often fails. It is basically not recommended now, and the substitute is a derivative version.
17.mysqlclient
Fully compatible with MySQLdb, supporting Python 3. X. It is a dependent tool of Django ORM. It can use native SQL to operate the database, and the installation method is the same as MySQLdb.
18.PyMySQL
The driver realized by pure Python is slower than MySQLdb, and its biggest feature is its simple installation method, and it is also compatible with MySQL-python.
19.SQLAlchemy
A tool that supports both native SQL and ORM. ORM is the mapping relationship between Python objects and database relational tables, which can effectively improve the speed of coding and be compatible with various database systems, such as SQLite, MySQL, PostgreSQL, etc., at the cost of losing some performance.
Automated operation and maintenance:
20. platform springboard machine
An open source fortress machine system written in Python realizes the basic functions of the springboard machine, including authentication, authorization and audit, and integrates Ansible and batch commands.
Support web terminal Bootstrap, beautiful interface, automatic collection of hardware information, video playback, command search, real-time monitoring, batch upload and download, etc. Based on SSH protocol management, clients do not need to install agents. Mainly used to solve visual security management, because it is completely open source, so it is easy to re-develop.
2 1.Magedu distributed monitoring system
The automatic monitoring system developed with Python can monitor common system services, applications and network devices, and can monitor a variety of different services on a host. The monitoring interval of different services can be different, and the monitoring interval and alarm threshold of the same service on different hosts can be different, and a data visualization interface is provided.
22. CMDB in Magdu
A hardware management system developed in Python includes three functions: collecting hardware data, API and page management, which is mainly used to automatically manage the daily use of common devices such as notebooks and routers. The client of the server collects hardware data and sends the hardware information to the API, which is responsible for saving the obtained data into the database, and the background management program is responsible for configuring and displaying the server information.
23. Task scheduling system
A task scheduling system developed by Python is mainly used to automatically assign a service process to multiple processes of other machines. The service process can be used as a scheduler to complete this work through network communication.
24.Python operation and maintenance process system
A platform written in Python language for scheduling and monitoring workflows is used internally to create, monitor and adjust data pipelines. Workflow developers can easily create, maintain and regularly schedule workflows, including many cross-departmental use cases, such as data storage, growth analysis, e-mail sending and A/B testing.
GUI programming:
25.Tkinter
Python standard GUI library can quickly create GUI applications, which can be used on most UNIX platforms as well as Windows and Macintosh systems. The subsequent versions of Tkinter 8.0 can realize the local window style and run well on most platforms.
26.wxPython
Python package and Python module wxWidgets, an open source software cross-platform GUI library, is an excellent GUI graphic library in Python language, which allows programmers to easily create a complete and fully functional GUI user interface.
27.PyQt
A tool library for creating GUI applications is the successful integration of Python programming language and Qt, which can run on all major operating systems, including UNIX, Windows and Mac. PyQt adopts dual license, and developers can choose GPL and commercial license. Starting from PyQt version 4, the GPL license can be used on all supported platforms.
28.PySide
Python-bound version of cross-platform application framework Qt provides similar functions to PyQt and is compatible with API, but unlike PyQt, it uses LGPL license.
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