Mathematical geology is the product of the combination of geology, mathematics and computer, aiming at studying and solving geological scientific problems quantitatively. Its appearance reflects the new development trend of geology from qualitative description stage to quantitative research, and opens up a new development path for geology.
Internationally, the first application of electronic computers in geology from 65438 to 0958 is regarded as the starting point of the birth of mathematical geology, while the research and application of mathematical geology in China began in the 1970s and 1980s. At present, China has become one of the international mathematical geology research centers (Zhao, Xia Qinglin, 2009), and has achieved good results in the research of mathematical methods and models, the development of geological databases and information systems, and the application research of mathematical geology in some professional fields, such as quantitative stratigraphy, mine geostatistics, sedimentary and metallogenic process simulation, and geological expert system. It also has advantages and its own characteristics in quantitative prediction and evaluation of mineral resources ("triple" digital prospecting model and quantitative prediction, comprehensive information metallogenic prediction), nonlinear geology (complexity theory and metallogenic dynamics research, nonlinear theory and its application in resource evaluation) and other disciplines.
Mathematical geology in China covers almost all important minerals for quantitative evaluation and prediction of mineral resources. The research methods involve statistical distribution of geological variables, multivariate statistics, logical information method, fuzzy mathematics, grey system, quantitative theory, pattern recognition, directional data analysis, Monte Carlo method, deterministic mathematical simulation of ore bodies, success tree method, Gifford distribution, entropy analysis and so on. Great achievements have been made in the application of geographic information system (GIS), digital mineral deposits and digital land resources, involving artificial intelligence, artificial neural network, fractal theory, dissipative structure theory and chaos theory (geological society of china, 20 10).
(2) Astrology
Astrology is a science that studies the origin, material composition, structure and evolution history of celestial bodies at all levels in the solar system (planets, satellites, asteroids, comets and cosmic dust). Based on the achievements of geological development, it applies its principles and methods to study celestial bodies at all levels in the solar system. Astrology is a new discipline in geology.
An important field of astrogeology in China is meteorite research. 1976 The study of meteorite shower, which landed in Jilin, has continuously initiated a new stage of astrogeology in China and promoted the development of meteorite science in the world. Seven important achievements have been made in the comprehensive study of meteorites in Jilin Province (geological society of china, 20 10).
China has also conducted research on cosmic dust, the moon and comparative planetology in different strata. Based on the research on the chemical composition and geological evolution of terrestrial planets, Ouyang Ziyuan put forward the viewpoint of "non-uniform composition and non-uniform evolution of the earth and terrestrial planets". China's astrogeology has been extended to the field of deep space research. On 20071October 24th 18: 05, China successfully sent Chang 'e-1 satellite into space by the Long March 3A carrier rocket in xichang satellite launch center, marking a new stage of deep space exploration geoscience research in China and a glorious milestone of celestial geology in China: the coverage of lunar surface image data 100% was achieved for the first time. Three-dimensional digital topographic map of the whole moon was made, and the brightness temperature map of the whole moon was obtained by satellite microwave radiometer, and the first geological map of1:2.5 million moon Hongwan in China was compiled. Ion probe dating provides high-precision chronological evidence for the early history and evolution of the moon. China's lunar exploration project has defined the three-step development idea of "winding, falling and returning". The success of Chang 'e-1 and Chang 'e-3 missions indicates that China has broken through the key technology of "falling around the moon", and the development of "Chang 'e-5" indicates that China has entered the implementation stage of the lunar sampling and returning mission. China will launch probes around 2020 to realize the mission of sampling and returning lunar samples (Zheng Yanhong et al., 20 14). At the same time, China has carried out research on the overall scheme and key technologies of Mars exploration, asteroid exploration and Venus exploration. The research on Mars geology has been started, and the research on the geological environment of salt lakes in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is planned to be compared with the surface environment and salt minerals of Mars (Dong Shuwen, 20 12). Ouyang Ziyuan, chief scientist of China's lunar exploration project, predicted that China would land on Mars in 2020 and return to Mars in 2030.