"Mathematical tools" are an important medium for students' mathematical activities, providing students with practical space, helping them to learn mathematical knowledge better and acquire mathematical learning methods. "New Curriculum Standard" points out that "a simple figure can be drawn on a square piece of paper after vertical and horizontal translation. Through observation and operation, we can understand the axisymmetric graphics and draw the axisymmetric graphics of simple graphics on grid paper. " As an intuitive and simple mathematical tool, grid paper has many wonderful uses in primary school mathematics classroom.

1. Creative grid diagram promotes the formation of students' spatial concept.

The new curriculum standard regards "space concept" as an important learning content to cultivate students' initial innovative spirit and practical ability in compulsory education stage. In teaching, I try to provide students with opportunities and space to establish the concept of space. Throughout the whole set of primary school mathematics textbooks, it is found that squares (each cell is a square) are widely used in the learning content related to graphics. In teaching practice, I also deeply feel that making good use of grid diagram can effectively promote the establishment of students' spatial concept. Let's talk about how to use the grid diagram in the teaching of translation and rotation.

An important teaching goal of this lesson is to judge how many squares a figure has been translated on the grid paper, and at the same time, to translate a simple figure on the grid paper before drawing a figure. This is the focus and difficulty of teaching. When teaching students to translate grids, I first emphasized the concept of "corresponding point" and encouraged students to use this knowledge to solve problems. Then use teaching AIDS to dynamically present the translation process, so that students can understand how many squares have been translated through careful observation. For some students with incorrect judgment, I let them operate on the grid paper by themselves, and let them correctly judge how many squares a figure has moved on the grid paper through hands-on operation. When teaching translation graphics, I first instruct students to choose several points that can determine the shape and size of graphics, and then instruct students to translate the selected points to a specified number of squares in a specified direction as required, and then connect the translated points with lines according to the original image.

It can be seen that every grid diagram in the textbook carries a little role in promoting students' spatial concept. There are abundant opportunities to cultivate students' concept of space in teaching materials. Teachers should consciously and deeply understand every design intention of teaching materials and make good use of these materials. At the same time, teachers should make creative use of materials as much as possible to create good conditions for students' spatial concept and even the accumulation of mathematical ability, so that mathematics teaching can really serve the accumulation of students' mathematical literacy.

2. Make good use of the grid provided in the textbook

Making good use of grid diagram in teaching practice can effectively promote the establishment of students' spatial concept. How should teachers make good use of the grid provided in textbooks in teaching?

Teaching "location" unit, citing the familiar seating arrangement of students, clearly introducing "number pairs". Use a pair of ordered numbers to represent the position of a point on the plane. With the help of a large number of grid diagrams, students can feel the one-to-one correspondence between number pairs and positions, and the different meanings of two numbers in number pairs. These will not only become the material for students to improve the concept of space, but also make full preparations for studying the plane rectangular coordinate system in the future. This unit explicitly introduces a "number pair". Use a pair of ordered numbers to represent the position of a point on the plane. With the help of a large number of grid diagrams, students can feel the one-to-one correspondence between number pairs and positions, and the different meanings of two numbers in number pairs. Improve students' concept of space, and make full preparations for studying plane rectangular coordinate system in the future.

Third, show the plan with a grid diagram.

Displaying the plan with the grid diagram is to abstract the mathematical representation method from the students' experience step by step, which conforms to the students' mathematical cognitive law from concrete to abstract and from special to general. For example, when the first volume of the fifth grade talks about "the area of a figure", students draw with square paper and learn the method of calculating the grid. When talking about the area of parallelogram, triangle and other plane graphics, we can use grid paper to verify the guess of graphic area; In order to deepen the understanding of these plane figures, students can also draw figures with designated areas on grid paper; In the sixth grade "circle" unit, teachers can also guide students to understand the characteristics of circle with the help of square paper.

Teaching practice has proved that mathematical tools are indeed an effective learning material. If teachers find its value and can make full use of it, it will certainly play a positive role in promoting students' spatial concept. In particular, the grid diagram is an effective learning material. It is of inestimable value to the cultivation of students' mathematical thoughts, methods and even mathematical ability.