Also known as wang pu, the juvenile named Gui Lan, 1929, was born in Wanxian County, Hebei Province. Wang pu participated in the anti-Japanese work with his parents since childhood, and was elected Minister of Children's Department at the age of1/kloc-0. He often leads friends of Red tassel, stands guard to check the road, sends letters to the Eighth Route Army to lead the way, and carries out activities of supporting the army and giving priority to family members. Wang Pu works hard and studies hard. He is very strict with himself. Every time he learns a new text, he must know, write, speak and use it.

In order to deal with the Japanese raid, the militia carried out mine warfare. Wang Pu not only learned to mine, but also learned to mine. Once, he killed a traitor with a homemade mine and helped the militia catch two devils.

1943 In the spring, the Japanese swept into wang pu's hometown, and wang pu and the villagers hid in the mountains. One morning, the Japanese surrounded Wang Pu and the villagers. The devil took the list provided by the traitors and asked the village cadres, their families and the families of martyrs to come forward. Wang pu and his mother Zhang stood in front, their heads held high. The Japanese put a knife rest around Wang Pu's neck and forced him to tell where the guns and ammunition of the Eighth Route Army Arsenal were hidden. Wang Pu bravely pushed open the bayonet of the devil and led more than 20 children members present to shout: "The five vows must not be forgotten, and I will not be a traitor until I die." The brutal Japanese devils shot at the people present, creating another murder tragedy-wilderness tragedy. 1 18 Innocent people fell in a pool of blood, including 14-year-old mother, younger brother and grandmothers of wang pu and wang pu.

In order to commemorate the victims, the government of Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region held a memorial service, awarded him the honorary title of "Anti-Japanese National Hero" and erected a monument. After liberation, he was awarded the title of "Top Ten Young Heroes in China" by the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League.

Zhang Gazi

During the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, there was a boy named Zhang Ga in Baiyangdian, central Hebei. He is clever and brave, and is nicknamed "Ga Kid". In a Japanese raid, grandma was killed by the devil to cover the Eighth Route Army, and Zhong, the reconnaissance company commander of the Eighth Route Army, was also taken away by the devil. Gazi was heartbroken. Determined to take revenge, he resolutely set out to find a regional team to fight the devils. On the way, he mistook guerrilla platoon leader Luo Jinbao for a traitor and tried to hand over his gun, making a joke. Later, Ga Xiaozi, as big as a child, disguised himself as a watermelon vendor and paid the fat translator as a "real guy". In order not to let the captain take the gun back, he got angry and hid in the old man's nest, so he was criticized and closed. After the education of the district captain, Gazi realized his mistake. He was injured in a battle and recuperated in his hometown. When the guerrillas attacked the enemy sentry box, he secretly ran back from his hometown to fight in the war, but unfortunately he was caught when he went into town for reconnaissance. Facing the enemy, Gazi was unyielding and escaped in the battle. He cooperated with the guerrillas to pull out the watchtower and rescued Zhong Liang. The battle was won, and the district captain praised Gazi on behalf of the troops and rewarded him with a real small pistol. Gazi finally became an excellent little scout.

A letter with feathers as an emergency sign

Hai Wa is fourteen years old, a child of Longmen Village.

One evening, Hai Wa stood guard under a small tree in the mountains, with a sheep whip around his waist and a red tassel gun in his hand.

At this time, a man climbed up from the path on the sunny slope. He shouted from a distance, "Hai Wa! Hai Wa! " Hai Wa recognized his father's voice and said hello. Dad took a letter out of his pocket and said to Hai Wa, "Go to Sanwangzhuang at once and give it to Zhang Lianchang at the headquarters." Hai Wa took the letter, saw three chicken feathers on the corner, and knew it was an urgent chicken feather letter. Hai Wa, with a good letter in his hand, was driving the sheep around the cliff when he suddenly saw the "information tree" on the top of Xishan Mountain fall down. Shit! There must be a devil on the other side of the mountain. Hai Wa thought, this path can't be taken, so take the main road. Looking back, however, a group of grain-grabbing devils came outside Oyamaguchi.

The devil is getting closer. Hai Wa is in a hurry. Where is the chicken hair letter hidden? He looked at the chubby sheep's tail, and his heart moved. He grabbed the old sheep holding the lead in front, twisted the long hair at the root of its tail into two fine wool ropes, folded the chicken hair letter and tied it under the tail. Hai Wa is not afraid of anything. He whipped the whip and rushed at the devil. "Stop!" The devil let out a cry and raised his gun with a clash, aiming at Hai Wa's little head. A crooked black dog in a black military uniform came running, grabbed Hai Wa by the neck and pulled him to a demon with a moustache. Hai Wa is not afraid at all. He deliberately cocked his head, opened his mouth wide, and looked at the moustache stupidly for a while. As soon as the moustache said "search", the crooked black dog immediately began to touch the patch and dig holes, searched Hai Wa and even two whore, but found nothing. Moustache just wanted to go into the mountains early to grab food, so he shouted at Hai Wa, "Fuck off! Get out! "

Hai Wa ran back. He gathered the sheep together and shook his whip hard, hoping to fly. Unexpectedly, crooked black dog caught up with him again. He forced Hai Wa with a gun and asked Hai Wa to drive the sheep back to the mountains. He also squinted and smiled and said, "The imperial army hasn't eaten yet! These sheep are enough for us to eat several meals! " Hai Wa had no choice but to follow. At sunset, the Japanese troops came to a small mountain villa, slaughtered some sheep and cooked some mutton on the threshing floor. Hai Wa forgot to care about his sheep. He quietly reached under the big tail of the old sheep and touched it. The chicken hair letter is still hanging! He shouted to himself, "You are still here!"

The devils were full, touching their bellies one by one, and went into the house to sleep. The crooked black dog told Hai Wa to drive the sheep into the sheepfold, then grabbed Hai Wa by the neck and pulled Hai Wa into the house. The devil and the black dog slept on the hay with guns and squeezed Hai Wa in. Hai Wa can't sleep. He thought, "The devil will slaughter the sheep tomorrow. If he can't leave tonight, the chicken hair letter will be finished. " He kept blaming himself: "Hai Wa, Hai Wa, what's wrong with you? You can't even send a chicken hair letter! ..... "Suddenly I heard the sentry outside shout," Which one? " Someone replied, "Feed the animals!" The sentry stopped talking. After a while, there was a crow in the distance.

The chicken crowed twice. Hai Wa can't lie still. He sat up and saw the sentry at the door dozing off. He stood up quietly, stood on tiptoe, gently pushed the crooked black dog's arm, jumped over the moustache, flashed to the door, gently crossed the sentry's thigh and slipped into the road near the village. "Which one?" The sentry at the end of the street roared. "Feed the animals!" Hai Wa answered in an adult voice. The sentry ignored him. Hai Wa walked into the sheepfold, grabbed the old sheep, untied the chicken hair letter under its tail, put it in his pocket, spread his legs and ran, and ran up the mountain ridge behind Zhuang in one breath.

At dawn, Hai Wa ran to the mountain pass and heard someone shouting in front. He looked up, and there was a devil with a small white flag on the other side of the ridge, swinging back and forth towards Hai Wa. Hai Wa took off his white coat and rocked back and forth like a devil. Unexpectedly, it really got by. Hai Wa climbed over the mountain pass and ran to the top of the mountain in one breath. There is Sanwangzhuang ahead. Hai Wa was so happy that he sat on the hill, put his hand into his pocket and felt it, shaking all over. Where's the chicken hair letter? There is nothing in the pocket, just take off your small coat and look for it. There is nothing. I searched all the cracks in the surrounding rocks, but I still couldn't find them. Hai Wa ran back at once and looked for it on the way here. He ran up the hill in one breath and climbed to the side of the Yamaguchi, where Ji Maoxin just shook his coat and lay there well. Hai Wa was so happy that he put the letter in his pocket and wanted to run back. Suddenly someone shouted behind him, and the crooked black dog caught up with him. He grabbed Hai Wa, hit the butt several times in a row, and told Hai Wa to go back and lead the way for the devils.

The moustache waved a foreign knife, and the devil and the black dog set off again. Hai Wa caught the sheep in the middle, climbed the mountain and came to Sanwangzhuang. Hai Wa saw the "information tree" at the foot of the mountain. Needless to say, Zhang Lianchang's team already knew that the devils were coming. The devil knows nothing. They are in the ditch, smoking and eating mutton. Enough rest, a group of black dogs go first, trying to walk up the cape from the middle road. Suddenly there was a bang on the hillside, a column of black smoke came out, and the black dog stepped on the mine. The moustache left those black dogs. He pointed to the path and said to Hai Wa, "You lead the way, and the imperial army is behind. Do you understand? "

Hai Wa is far ahead of the Japanese. There are two roads in the forest, a path and a narrow path. He chased the sheep along the narrow path. The crooked black dog shouted at the bottom, "Wrong way!" Hai Wa opened his voice and said, "That's right! I was passing by. Go! " The narrow path is steeper and steeper, and it is more and more difficult to walk. The devil stops and goes, falling far behind. The moustache roared, "Slow down!" Hai Wa pretended not to hear and ran forward step by step. The devil shouted, "Stop! Shoot if you don't stop! " Hai Wa didn't listen to him, dumped a whip and ran like hell. The Japanese really shot. Hai Wa flies with the sheep, but he can't run any longer. He threw himself into the grass and let go of his voice and shouted, "The devil is coming up! Fight! Hurry up! "

Suddenly there was a gunshot from the cape, followed by another. Hai Wa heard it. It's one of our own. His legs regained consciousness, and he stood up and threw himself on the cape. Suddenly he opened his arms, screamed "Ouch" and fainted in the haystack. A guerrilla came running and picked up Hai Wa.

When Hai Wa opened his eyes, he saw Zhang Lianchang squatting beside him. He quickly said, "New ....." His wound hurt badly. When he said this, he fainted again. When Hai Wa woke up again, he was already lying on the warm kang, covered with a soft blanket. The sun shone through the window and on the kang. Zhang Lianchang asked Hai Wa with a smile, "Are you better? Does it still hurt? " Hai Wa doesn't care about pain. He asked Zhang Lianchang, "Where is this?" Zhang Lianchang burst out laughing. He touched Hai Wa's head and said, "Have you forgotten? Didn't you send a chicken feather letter yesterday? This is the message your father asked you to send. According to information, our team destroyed the Japanese turrets. Thanks to you, little hero! "

Hai Wa just remembered to send a chicken feather letter. He blushed and quickly asked, "Did you hand in the gun?" Zhang Lianchang said: "I paid a big bundle, all of which are brand-new shiny 38 fast guns!" " Hai Wa said happily, "Then give me one!"

wang erxiao

Bloody south beach

On September 16, the sun is about to set, and the second primary school is driving the cattle home with a whip. Suddenly there was a loud cry, and the second boy saw that Gui Zibing was stepping on a stone mine in the south beach.

More than 40 devils have come to grab food and ammunition, and they have to destroy the wounded of the Eighth Route Army. They came to the south river beach, swaggering and watching the scenery while walking.

The devils are going to Langyakou village, where there are food, guns and ammunition, and the wounded of the Eighth Route Army.

Walking, a mountain blocked the devil's way. The Japanese squadron leader Takasaki looked at it with a telescope for a long time and couldn't figure out the way ahead. There are three roads in front of them, which one should they take?

Gao Qi, the squadron leader, was so anxious that he was sweating. He called the sergeant and ordered, "There are three roads here. Go and see which one to decide? " The devils stopped, some went to the river to wash their hands and face, and some went to drink water. Gao Qi lost his temper: "Don't wash your hands and face, and hurry back to the team. . . . . "

The sergeant ran back and reported to Takasaki: "Major! The road is not easy to find, there is a child on the mountain over there. "

Gao Qi shouted, "Grab it!"

Erxiao was dragged to Gaoqi by the sergeant.

Takasaki asked, "Son! Yours . . . . What job? "

The second boy replied, "I am a cattle herder!" " "

Takasaki asked again, "Son. . . . . . Number eight. . . . . Where is it? "

Two novels: "I don't know." Say that finish and left. Gao Qi grabbed him: "Yours. . . . . . Don't be afraid. Say it. . . . . . Where is route 8? . . . . . Give you a golden ticket. "

After two hours of silence, the sergeant came up and shouted, "son." . . . . . Stop talking. . . . . . Pull it to death! "

At first glance, I can't lead the way. I thought, well, our team ambushed the mountains on both sides of the cliff. I know the road. Let the devil in. . . . . . Thinking of this, Erxiao pretended to be afraid and said, "Taijun! I remember that at noon, many Eighth Route Army went to Nanmazhuang! "

The vicious sergeant raised his fist, and his little eyes rolled around, scaring the second child: "Son. . . . . . You don't want it. . . . . . Deception! "

Erxiao said angrily, "I saw it anyway, believe it or not!" " "

Seeing that it was getting dark, Takasaki said anxiously, "Son. . . . . . Yours . . . . Lead the way! "

The second primary school led the guizibing to the west on the beach.

There are many large and small stones on the river beach. Several devils stepped on a stone and fell to the ground, crying, "Children. . . . . . You brought it. . . . . . What road? "

Erxiao pouted and shouted, "This pagoda is the right way!"

The second primary school led the guizibing to bypass the river beach and go south. The east of this river is Shilingzi Mountain, and the west is Luxiang Mountain. These two mountains are dozens of feet high, and our cavalry even ambushed them, one on the censer mountain in the west and the other on the shilingzi mountain in the east.

Guizibing swaggered into the ravine. At this time, the Eighth Route Army cavalry company on Shilingzi Mountain opened fire on the battlefield, and the bullets roared at the enemy. Seven or eight devils fell to the ground and I don't know how they died. When the devils saw the Eighth Route Army on the left, they hid under the cliff of Shilingzi, and the Eighth Route Army on the incense burner hill on the right just hit it. Guizibing fell in piles, screaming in ghosts and wolves. Gui Zibing shot at the mountains on both sides, and the range could not be reached. This is a waste of bullets. A tall ghost soldier threw a Grenade at the cliff. The Grenade hit the edge of the cliff, fell with a cry and exploded among the devils.

Takasaki, the squadron leader of the Japanese army, was so angry that he even called "fooled, fooled." As soon as he saw it, Wang Erxiao ran to the west, and he tried his best to catch up. He took out his pistol and shot at Erxiao, who was shot in the back and fell on the south beach. The sergeant also came running, stabbed Erxiao in the chest with a bayonet, picked Erxiao up with your gun and threw it on a big stone. Our 13-year-old little hero Wang Erxiao died heroically, and his blood dyed the big stone red.

Attachment: Lyrics of "Singing Two Little Cowboys"

Cattle are still grazing on the hillside,

Herdsmen don't know where they are.

He didn't lose his cow because he played too hard,

Wang Erxiao, the boy who herded cattle.

On the morning of September 16,

The enemy swept the canyon,

Covering the posterior organs in the canyon,

Covering thousands of villagers.

At that critical moment,

The enemy is going to the mountain pass,

Lost in a daze,

Grab the penis and let him lead the way.

As the second child, he obediently walked in front.

Bring the enemy into our ambush,

Gunshots were banging around.

The enemy knew that he had been cheated.

The enemy pointed a gun at the second boy,

Fell to death on a big stone,

Our thirteen-year-old Wang Erxiao,

Heroic sacrifice in the mountains.

Cadres and fellow villagers are safe,

He sleeps in the cold mountains,

He has a smile on his face.

His blood is red and blue.

Autumn wind blows through every village,

It spread this touching story,

Every village is full of tears,

Singing "Cowboy".

Ma Zhanshan

Ma Zhanshan, whose real name is Xiufang, was born in Feng Run County, Hebei Province1885165438+1October 30th in Huaide County, Liaoning Province. He is a poor peasant and comes from the army. He released his horse to the landlord when he was young, and then he was caught, beaten, imprisoned and forced to pay for it. Later, when the horse came back, the landlord still refused to refund the money. In a rage, Ma Zhanshan became an outlaw on the mountain. Being good at riding and shooting, he was loyal to others and was soon promoted to leader.

In the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1908), Ma Zhanshan decided to "wash my hands of it" and led his brother to join the army. 19 1 1 year, he took refuge in the patrol camp at the back of Fengtian Road of the Qing army and commanded Wu. From the sentry, company commander, battalion commander, colonel and brigade commander of the Fourth Battalion, he was promoted to the position of commander of the cavalry division of the Northeast Border Guard and commander of the Heihe River. 1925165438+10, Guo Songling rebelled, and Zhang organized forces to resist in Xinmin river area. In February of 65438+, Ma Zhanshan fought fiercely with Guo Songling Army near Baiqibao, Xinmin, Liaoning. Jun Guo was defeated, and Ma Zhanshan followed the search and captured the Guo Songling couple alive. In the same year, Ma Zhanshan was promoted to brigade commander of the 5th Brigade of Northeast Army 17 Division.

1On June 4th, 928, the Japanese invaders killed Zhang Hewu in Huangshitun, and he vowed that "public grievances and private grievances will be reported". 1929 was appointed commander-in-chief of cavalry in Heilongjiang province by Zhang Xueliang. He used to be commander-in-chief of cavalry in Heilongjiang province and commander of Heihe police. 1930 served as commander of Heihe garrison and brigade commander of the third infantry brigade. 193 1 After the September 18th Incident, Zhang Xueliang appointed him as acting chairman and military commander-in-chief of Heilongjiang provincial government. When the Japanese Kwantung Army unreasonably asked China's troops to leave the Nenjiang Railway Bridge, 10 June 16, the puppet army Zhang Haipeng attacked the Nenjiang Bridge, and Ma Zhanshan led his troops to defeat it. He made it clear that "I am ordered to be the head of a province, and it is my duty to defend the country", and "I will never dare to make a certain scale of land become an alien in my lifetime". When the Japanese invaded Jiangqiao, the defenders destroyed three holes on the bridge. 165438+1October 3, Ma Zhanshan rejected the Japanese ultimatum. On the 4th, the Japanese army stormed the Jiangqiao defensive position. He ordered resistance. Because the enemy was outnumbered, there was no backup, the equipment was crude, and there were heavy casualties (it was said that the casualties died in one bridge and piled up several floors), and they had to evacuate Jiangqiao after half a month of fighting. Ma Zhanshan personally went to the front line to direct the battle and repeatedly defeated the Japanese attack. The bloody battle between "Ma bu" or horse stance just look and Jiangqiao gave great encouragement to the people all over the country. Ma Zhanshan's name soon spread all over the country, and letters of condolence came like snowflakes. People praised him as a patriotic soldier and a national hero. However, due to the continuous reinforcement of the Japanese army, Ma Bu fought alone. By 18, after more than 0/000 Japanese puppet troops were wiped out, they had to retreat to Qiqihar. 2 1, retreat to Helen and continue to resist the enemy. In February 65438, the Kuomintang government appointed him as the chairman of Heilongjiang Province. Shanghai, Harbin and other places organized "anti-Japanese groups to help horses", and cigarette factories also produced "Ma Zhanshan brand" cigarettes.

1932, Ma Zhanshan pretended to surrender and became the puppet governor of Heilongjiang and the military and political chief of Manchukuo. He secretly used 12 cars and 6 cars to transport 24 million yuan, 300 war horses and other military supplies out of the city, raising the anti-Japanese flag again. Ma Zhanshan held a meeting with Du Li, Ding Chao and other military representatives in Baiquan, and changed Heihe garrison headquarters to the provincial administrative office. There were 7,000 people in the three roads, and Ma Zhanshan was elected commander-in-chief of the Salvation Army in Heilongjiang Province. At the meeting, the Japanese army was attacked in three ways. In less than half a year, Ma Zhanshan led a heavy blow to the Japanese puppet troops and wiped out the arrogance of Japanese aggression. Later, due to the defeat of the war, he retreated to the Soviet Union.

1On June 3rd, 933, Ma Zhanshan returned to Shanghai from the Soviet Union, met with Chiang Kai-shek three times and volunteered for the war of resistance. 1936 12 went to an, participated in the An Incident, and supported the An Incident launched by Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng to force Jiang to resist Japan. 1937, Chiang Kai-shek appointed Ma Zhanshan as commander of Jin Ting and commander of four northeastern provinces. Later, he served as the chairman of Heilongjiang provincial government and led his department to continue the war of resistance. 1938165438+10, Ma Zhanshan went to Yan 'an for medical treatment due to illness. After his recovery, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Shensi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region held a grand reception. Mao Zedong delivered a speech at the meeting, praising him as a consistent national hero who fought the war to the end.

1947, Chiang Kai-shek appointed Ma Zhanshan as the deputy commander of northeast security, but he refused to take office. 1948 during the battle of Peiping and Tianjin, Ma Zhanshan resolutely abandoned the darkness and stepped forward to help Fu make up his mind to hand over Peiping peacefully, which promoted the process of Peiping's peaceful liberation. At the beginning of 1949, he persuaded Fu to accept the peaceful adaptation, and suggested to Fu that Deng Baoshan should be the negotiator to China, which made useful work for promoting the peaceful liberation of Beiping.

1950165438+1On October 29th, Ma Zhanshan died of lung cancer at the age of 65.

Eternal monument

Ma Zhanshan: The first shot of armed resistance against Japan was fired.

■ Anti-Japanese Heroes Spectrum

193 1 year1kloc-0/month 4, on the bridge deck of Nenjiang River in Heilongjiang Province, Ma Zhanshan, a patriotic general of the Northeast Army, led the China army and fought back against the Japanese invaders who launched the attack, firing the first shot of the armed anti-Japanese struggle and opening the curtain of China's armed anti-Japanese struggle.

Ma Zhanshan, also known as Xiufang, 1885, was born in Huaide, Jilin, and his ancestral home was in Feng Run, Hebei. Born in greenwood, he is good at riding and shooting. 1929 was appointed commander-in-chief of cavalry in Heilongjiang province by Zhang Xueliang. 1930 served as the garrison commander of Heihe River in Heilongjiang Province and the brigade commander of the 3rd Brigade of the Army Infantry. After the "September 18th Incident", Ma Zhanshan, then acting chairman and military commander-in-chief of Heilongjiang provincial government, was dissatisfied with Chiang Kai-shek's policy of not resisting mistakes and was determined to resist. 165438+1On October 4th, under the cover of planes, artillery and armored vehicles, the Japanese army dispatched more than 4,000 people to attack the Nenjiang Bridge. China defenders fought back, and the Jiangqiao campaign officially started. China's army fought to the death with the Japanese in Nenjiang Bridge and Daxing area nearby. General Ma Zhanshan, while the soldiers, on the front line command. This battle, the Japanese army * * * lost 1000 people, which was the first big defeat since the September 18th Incident. China's army also paid a heavy price, with more than 600 casualties.

Nenjiang Bridge opened the first shot of armed resistance against Japanese invaders in the Anti-Japanese War, which was highly praised and supported by the people of China and inspired the patriotic enthusiasm of the people of China.

1932 In February, after the Japanese captured Harbin, Ma Zhanshan surrendered to Japan and became the governor of the puppet Heilongjiang Province, and later served as the military and political minister of the puppet Manchukuo. In April of the same year, he got rid of Japanese surveillance. Anyway, in "Sending Troops to Heihe River", he continued to electrify the anti-Japanese, exposed the inside story of Manchuria, and served as the commander-in-chief of the Northeast National Salvation Anti-Japanese Coalition. 1936, participated in the An Incident initiated by Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng, and later served as the commander-in-chief of Northeast Ting. From 65438 to 0940, he served as the chairman of Heilongjiang Province, and was later elected as an alternate executive member of the Kuomintang Central Committee. 1946 served as deputy commander of northeast security. 1949 1 Together with Fu, Deng Baoshan and others, they accepted the conditions for China's * * * production party to peacefully liberate Peiping and declared an uprising.

tunnel warfare

194 1 the trench tunnel warfare in the anti-Japanese base area in Hebei plain was the predecessor of this form, but it was not universal and perfect at that time. 1942 After the enemy swept through, the fighting environment was extremely cruel. In order to facilitate our army's soldiers and civilians to persist in the struggle against the enemy in the plain, the Party has led the soldiers and civilians to further carry out tunnel warfare in the vast plain area according to the experience of tunnel warfare in recent years. In the early days, the tunnel was mainly for the covert struggle of local cadres. In some residential yards of party member or "fortress households", small holes were dug to accommodate one or two people. Although this kind of tunnel has played a certain role in the anti-"mopping up", it is very flexible and cannot be avoided once it is discovered by the enemy. In order to make it difficult for the enemy to find the hole, they gradually improved the hole or dug two floors, or repaired two holes, or dug two holes together. Although this has some flexibility, it can only be used as a temporary hiding place.

Since 1943, tunnel warfare has entered a new stage of development. In the central plain of Hebei and some places in southern Hebei, a network of tunnels connecting houses, streets and villages has gradually formed, forming internal and external defenses and cooperating with each other to attack enemy positions. After the tunnel warfare began, the enemy also tried their best to find holes, set fire, release water and poison to destroy it. However, the party leads the masses to constantly improve the tunnel and make it more perfect. In order to make it difficult for the enemy to find the hole, in addition to the necessary secret education for the masses, the hole was cleverly hidden and covered with walls, pots and pans, wells and heatable adobe sleeping platform; In order to make the enemy dare not enter the cave, build traps and lay mines, insert sharp knives into the hole, or dig criss-crossing "chessboard roads" in the hole; In order to prevent the enemy from damaging the water, fire and poison in the tunnel, bayonets, turnplates and gas-proof and waterproof doors are also set up in the tunnel, or the tunnel is dug down, thick or thin, and there is a breakthrough through the village. In this way, the tunnel has become an underground fortress that can be attacked, defended and retreated.

The extensive development of tunnel warfare has played an important role in the harsh struggle against "mopping up" in plain areas. For example, in March of 1943, more than 200 Japanese puppet troops stationed in Lingshou surrounded Gaoping Village in Zhengding County. At dawn, the enemy began to attack, the masses had entered the tunnel, and militia guerrilla groups and blasting groups used the tunnel fortifications to monitor the enemy. When the enemy entered the minefield, four mines were detonated twice, killing more than 20 devils. The enemy was scared to run around the street, and nine mines were detonated one after another. Together with grenades and sniper rifles, the enemy fled everywhere. By noon, the enemy had killed or injured more than 40 people and fled back to the stronghold in panic.

In April 1945, 1, an enemy regiment attacked Ran Zhuang in Qingyuan county, and Ran Zhuang people killed the enemy 17 people by tunnel. On April 3, 40 people below the head of the three enemy regiments were killed, which made the enemy afraid to attack again. Tunnel warfare is a great pioneering work of the plain people's struggle against the enemy, and it shines brilliantly in the history of the anti-Japanese struggle in Hebei Plain!

Yang Jingyu

1in the summer and autumn of 939, after basically completing the "Three Rivers Crusade" and annihilating the Second and Third Armies of the Northern Manchuria Anti-Union Movement, the Japanese army made up its mind to make a massive crusade against Yang Jingyu and its first army again, vowing to cut off the "public security cancer of the Puppet Manchukuo".

The last moments of hunger and cold in Yang Jingyu.

Although the enemy chased after him, and even found footprints by striking matches in the snow, he still lost his goal in the early morning of 16. On this day and night, with amazing perseverance, Yang Jingyu and his comrades dragged the pseudo-police brigade of more than 600 people to their knees, and more than 500 people were killed, injured, frostbitten and exhausted. Finally, there were only fifty or sixty people left, sitting in the snow panting. Yang Jingyu, who had no clothes or food, escaped from the enemy's sight again. Masatani Ryuichiro was furious. After scolding Cheng Bin and others for their incompetence on the radio, he decided to cast his net again and visit Yang Jingyu.

After winter, troops often run out of food. After breaking up with the Guard Brigade, Yang Jingyu and the soldiers around him didn't get a grain of food, so they could only satisfy their hunger with grass roots, bark or cotton exposed on their sleeves every day. On the morning of February 18, the doormen Zhu and Li Donghua were found trying to approach the residential area near Dadonggou in Mengjiang. The Japanese puppet troops and secret agents searched the class for emergency dispatch, fought and withdrew, and were finally killed by the enemy at the Hailong River. The enemy found Yang Jingyu's seal on them, thus confirming that Yang Jingyu was nearby. Junichiro Masatani immediately ordered the encirclement to be narrowed, roads cut off, forests blocked, and spies sent to the mountains to look for Yang Jingyu in disguise. But four days later, the enemy found nothing. In his later memoirs, the Japanese admitted that he had exhausted all methods, but he still failed to destroy Yang Jingyu. At this time, he has formed a deep awe of Yang Jingyu, and can't even believe that he can really capture Yang Jingyu this time.

At this time, General Yang Jingyu was alone. At the last moment of his life, he defeated enemies again and again with perseverance and strong physique, but he could not overcome hunger and cold. At this time, the cotton shoes on his feet have rotted into a ball and tied with ropes to avoid falling apart. China and Japan were running in the snow, and both his big feet were frostbitten. Now that two guards have died, he has to get the food himself, so he has to be exposed. He knows the danger of exposure. After days of fierce fighting, his strength of life is about to run out, and he can no longer get rid of the enemy like "Cui Yifeng joined the team" and "Cheng Binting joined the team" on February 15. But if it is not exposed, it will starve to death in the ice and snow. Yang Jingyu made a choice. In order to get food and cotton shoes and find troops, he had to expose himself, but only to the people of China and buy food from them.

On the morning of February 22nd, Yang Jingyu waited for four villagers to cut firewood in the mountains five miles west of Baoan Village in Mengjiang County. They are: counterfeit brand leader Zhao Tingxi, villagers Sun Changchun, New Li Shun and Chi Deshun. Because the police in the residential area wouldn't let the villagers who cut firewood bring food down the mountain, Yang Jingyu had to beg them to go back and bring some food and cotton shoes, and promised to pay more. Zhao Tingxi, the leader of the shanzhai, also advised him: "I think you'd better surrender. Now Manchukuo does not behead those who surrender. " Yang Jingyu's reaction is really intriguing. The other party has recognized him, but he didn't deny it. He just calmly said to other China people in a China tone, "I'm from China, and I can't do such a thing. If all of us in China surrender, China will be finished. Be worthy of your conscience. " Zhao Tingxi no longer promised to go back and get him something to eat, and then broke up with Yang Jingyu.

Zhao Tingxi met Li Zhengxin, a stubborn traitor, on his way home. I told Li Zhengxin about it because I was afraid that three other people had reported their meeting with Yang Jingyu first, which led to the family being killed. Li was overjoyed after hearing this, and immediately reported to Zuo Xigu, a Japanese police officer of the pseudo-Mengjiang County Police Headquarters. Xigu immediately asked Zhao Tingxi to lead himself and a large number of Japanese puppet troops to round up Yang Jingyu.

At four o'clock in the afternoon on February 23rd, Xigu's team found Yang Jingyu at a height near Waizi, 703, Mengjiang Mishima. At this time, Yang Jingyu was hungry and terminally ill, so it is not difficult for future generations to imagine what he was thinking in the face of the sudden enemy. General, it's the last moment.

The whole family committed suicide in Hebei.