First, writing ability comes from the accumulation of knowledge. Where does the ability come from? I think: the foundation of ability lies in knowledge. Imagine: What can a person write without rich accumulation of knowledge of nature and social knowledge? The ancients believed that there are four indispensable factors in writing, namely "talent" and "courage", in which "talent" is innate and "knowledge" is obtained through hard study. Courage and strength are the products of the combination of talent and knowledge. Therefore, Li Dongyang, a famous scholar, thinks that "knowledge precedes strength" (Huailutang's poems), which is very materialistic. Because of this, I pay special attention to the imparting of knowledge and the accumulation of students' own knowledge in composition teaching. My usual method is: the teacher talks more. There is not much talk about writing norms, whether it is a composition instruction class or a composition comment lecture. The most important thing is the transmission of knowledge and information. From the "four-color problem" in the world mathematics field to the launch of the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft, from the brutal Iraqi war launched by the United States to the boiling elections in Taiwan Province Province ... As long as I need to write, my composition class covers everything. Of course, this is not driving a trolleybus in class and bragging. Every piece of information spread is closely combined with composition teaching. For example, when I told the story of "Some people eat the best apples and some people eat the worst apples" in Fortress Besieged, I induced students to think differently and let them consider: Who is the optimist of these two kinds of people? Who is a pessimist? The final conclusion is always unexpected, because both of them may be optimists or pessimists. In a burst of funny laughter, the students learn the thinking method of composition conception and conception. It can be seen that the norms and methods of writing are in specific information and knowledge. Students watch too much. Teachers talk more, of course, can't replace students to read more. In a sense, the teacher's talk only guides students to read more. I pay special attention to creating various conditions for students to read more. I don't hesitate to squeeze out Chinese lecture time to show students extracurricular books and periodicals. I often borrow twice as many magazines from the library as my class, so that students can choose to read excerpts in class. In this regard, students are very welcome. In addition, I stipulate that every student must choose a newspaper clipping every week. And write a comment and essay on the cut article. In order to find a good article, students must read a considerable number of newspapers every week, and compare, analyze and choose many articles; Writing a composition can combine reading with writing. In the long run, unconsciously, I have developed the habit of reading newspapers, clipping newspapers and commenting on newspapers. If you accumulate more, your knowledge will naturally be enriched, and your writing ability will naturally be improved unexpectedly. In this respect, my experience is that how many books a person has read determines his total knowledge; The total amount of knowledge is directly related to his writing level. If people with more knowledge are not necessarily people who can write well; However, there is no doubt that a person with poor knowledge will not have strong writing ability. Second, the accumulation of knowledge leads to writing desire. The quality and quantity of one's knowledge are directly related to one's writing level, which is first manifested in the generation of writing desire. Create various conditions for students to widely accept all kinds of knowledge and information. When the quality and quantity reach a certain level, they will not be satisfied with just making a water tank or a magnetic card for storing information. People's desire for expression and publication will arise spontaneously, which is what we call the generation of interest in writing. It's like being pregnant in October. Now that the fetus is mature, there is no need to give birth. In fact, students are afraid of writing, and the main reason for not writing well is that there is nothing to write. Now that there is something to write, interest comes. Tang Yunbin's progress in Class 3 120 in 2004 is a good example. When he entered the first year of high school, his grades were average and he was very modest. But I am particularly interested in my lecture. Rita likes me talking about all kinds of knowledge and information. I also like to listen to my writing experience; I prefer the weekly reading class, and my interest in writing suddenly rises. His desire for expression and publication prompted him to keep writing, and he carefully finished the composition assigned by the teacher. The improvement of composition scores is amazing. He has published many essays in the school magazine and won prizes in county and school composition competitions. This year's college entrance examination Chinese 128. Thirdly, the cultivation and improvement of working ability is a natural process that exerts a subtle influence. I don't advocate talking too much about writing methods and norms in composition class. Even if there is, I will focus on analyzing all kinds of model essays. I don't think students should think that they can write their own compositions by learning some writing methods. Because this kind of misunderstanding often makes some students pursue quick success and instant benefit in writing study, and ultimately accomplish nothing. The cultivation and improvement of writing ability is really a subtle and natural process, which runs through reading, writing and accumulation. Writing a composition every week is one of my magic weapons in composition teaching. As mentioned above, the essay I asked to write is a critical style closely combined with reading newspapers. Generally speaking, I never judge such articles from the perspective of writing methods, and I never grade them. For each composition, I express my feelings according to the content written by the students, and write about 80 self-made aphorisms, or * * *, or discussions every week to communicate with teachers and students. In this regard, students are very welcome. Every time I send a composition, I see that every classmate can't wait to read the comments and then communicate with each other. In this way, the whole process of writing has become a "project" of "finding materials-evaluating materials-exchanging ideas-interacting with information", and many students' talents are revealed in this process. Some students offered to let me correct and judge my writing methods, and my answer to them was: "Only cultivate, not reap"; "All this is unexpected." Facts have also proved this point. Every time I change the exam, the teacher who changes the composition says, "I teach students Chinese very well, which is more insightful than other classes." Many students contributed to the school magazine, and many papers were adopted. It is worth mentioning that Wang Dafa's essay "I'm proud of Shenzhou 5's spaceship going to heaven" was published in a national publication, and Zhang Xiaohong's essay "Tears Rain" was also published in Selected Compositions of Middle School Students. The composition is really different! Writing ability is subtle and natural; The composition stands out from the "unexpected". Today, topic composition dominates the world. Because of its extensive content and easy expression of students' temperament, it is very popular among teachers and students. However, we should also see the problem of excessive training in topic composition, because the college entrance examination only tests topic composition, so we find some topics to write for students from time to time, and the composition still makes little progress. In fact, according to the concept of the new curriculum standard, we must first solve the problems of language accumulation and material accumulation. With more accumulation, it is not empty talk to improve the level of composition. Students can naturally reveal and express their compositions on the basis of knowledge accumulation, instead of "squeezing toothpaste" involuntarily. Practice has proved that the practice of making students persist in accumulating knowledge, collecting materials and writing is far superior to fortnightly composition and monotonous topic composition training. How to use beautiful sentences as much as possible to improve students' writing level? This problem has been puzzling countless teachers in China for many years, making colleagues in China feel extremely difficult. Students' writing level is not improved, which directly affects the quality of Chinese teaching. To improve the quality of Chinese teaching, we must focus on tackling key problems in writing. Only by overcoming difficulties can we stimulate students' interest in writing and improve their writing level. Based on my many years' experience, I now put forward some views to discuss with my colleagues. First, observe carefully and pursue the truth. What is observation? The so-called observation is to see with your eyes, "observe" from a distance, pay attention to everything, always pay attention to it, and form a habit. Mo Bosang, a French writer who is known as the king of short stories in the world, studied under Flaubert, a famous writer at that time. One day, he told Flaubert the story of sitting in his room and preparing to write a novel. Flaubert said, "I advise you not to be busy writing these virtual things." You ride a bike outside every day and record everything you see on the road accurately and carefully. " So Mo Bosang realized that Flaubert had taught him the basic skills of observing, knowing and practicing with his eyes. From then on, he spent a year or so, went out to observe every day, and finally wrote the novel Dim Sum, becoming a world-famous novelist. Therefore, learning to observe is the first factor to improve the writing level. In my years of teaching, I often hear some students say, "I'm afraid of writing. I always have a headache when I pick up a pen, and I can't learn to write. " Some simply said: "I don't know what to write, where to start." Although I have also handed in some compositions, if you look closely, you will find that there are too many, and even some content is added, which is empty and divorced from reality. Why is it difficult to write a composition? Generally speaking, I lack observation and realism, so I can't write. How to change this phenomenon? I think we should learn to observe first. When I was teaching the text "One Side" written by Alei, the third volume of junior middle school Chinese, I pointed out that Alei wrote his "thinness" five times when describing Lu Xun's appearance. Three of them write the appearance features clearly and carefully from far to near. Why is the author's description of Lu Xun so vivid and typical? Mainly because the author is good at careful observation and has a unique feeling in his heart. Therefore, I attach great importance to observing and writing real content when guiding students' writing training. Therefore, every week, I take my students out of the classroom and write on the spot. Sometimes I observe campus plants, bamboos, trees and flowers on campus. Sometimes I travel in the wild on weekends, write in the wild and enjoy the beautiful natural scenery. After such training, it not only stimulated students' interest in writing, accumulated rich themes, wrote real content, but also cultivated moral sentiments, so that students enjoyed beauty. Second, accumulate materials and apply what you have learned in teaching. I met many students who rarely read extracurricular books, especially books on Chinese extracurricular reading. Some even don't have an extracurricular reading except textbooks. They seldom read books and newspapers, and their writing knowledge is poor, and even their sentences are not fluent. When writing, they want to write sentence by sentence and feel that they have nothing to say and write. Or just started, perfunctory words, hastily ended. The content is vague and unintelligible, so I am afraid to write. In order to change the fear of writing, so as to be eloquent and articulate, we should read more books and accumulate more writing materials at ordinary times. As Du Fu said: "Reading is like breaking ten thousand volumes, and writing is like being a god." "If you read a hundred books, you will understand what you mean." Read more books, make the past serve the present, write articles, and be confident and handy. However, experience tells us that reading more books is not enough. "Han Yu, one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, once said:" Learning means ploughing and reading, and learning means gaining ". This means that reading is the forerunner of writing. Without the "cultivation" of reading, there will be no "harvest" of writing. Therefore, on the basis of emphasizing students' reading, they should be familiar with the books they read and think carefully. Accumulate material, make it the "source of living water" of your own writing, and learn to use it, so that the content of the composition will be born from the pen, like a fountain, full of content. There are many model essays in the texts we have learned, which are real materials written by the author through careful observation of people or animals. For example, the description of Lu Xun in "One Side", the flying posture of cranes, and the fighting scene of cranes and eagles in "The Flying of Cranes" can all become useful things as long as they are carefully read and accumulated. In addition, in addition to accumulating materials from books, we can also accumulate them from daily life, for example, the emergence of new things, various useful propaganda, natural phenomena, social news, international current affairs and so on. These are excellent materials. As long as you pay attention to people and things in this area, you will naturally have rich materials, so that when you write, you can write wonderfully, skillfully and freely. Third, advocate imitation and cultivate interest. Imitation is a form of reference, but imitation is not a simple copy, but a creative reference. Imitation is characterized by strong pertinence and regularity, which not only reduces the difficulty of writing, but also receives obvious results. For students with low writing level, we should actively advocate imitating and drawing lessons from model essays, gradually cultivate their interest in writing, make them step by step on the road of writing, and gradually improve their writing ability. Even the mechanical imitation at the beginning should be praised and affirmed to arouse their interest and desire in writing. Many writers in history have imitated the writing style of the ancients and become a generation of demeanor. For example, Wang Bo's famous phrase "The sunset and the solitary heron Qi Fei, the autumn water and the sky are the same color" is detached from Yu Xin's "The fallen flower and the cheese cover Qi Fei, and the field willow and the spring flag are the same color". Another example is Zuo Qiuming's Zuo Zhuan and Sima Qian's Historical Records. Their writing style was imitated by later essayists, novelists and playwrights. Many articles in the textbook are good model essays. After learning the text, students can imitate writing and apply what they have learned. For example, I taught Zheng Zhenduo's class "Cats" and asked students to imitate writing with another animal as the topic. Many students succeeded in imitating writing and turned text writing into their own ability.