It is simple and practical to cultivate children's mental arithmetic ability by using poker games. Children like to play and learn. Unconsciously learned the calculation skills, from the concept of number to mathematical calculation. This style of play is really a good way. This paper intends to introduce some methods to guide children's calculation. First of all, children should learn to count within 100 before introducing calculation, and they will count from 1 to100 in turn; To count objects, count objects from 1 to 30; Will count backwards from 20, 19, 18 to1; Know the Arabic numerals of 1- 10; You can use the physical number to calculate the addition and subtraction within 10 (for example, put 5 apples in the basket, add 4 apples, and count 9 apples in the basket; Put eight biscuits on the plate, eat three, and the remaining five can be counted); Can correctly compare the size of any two numbers in 10. As long as children know this level, they can add or subtract within 10. The method of 10 first. Familiar with additive commutative law, draw K, Q, J and Wang from playing cards. There are 40 cards left in each deck, and each card has some money. Adults and children each hold a pair. In the game, parents first play a card, such as "2", and let the child take out an "8" to make up "10". Even if the child wins, he will be given a prize. If you can't get "10", you are wrong. Try again. If children play cards first, adults sometimes make mistakes on purpose, so that children can correct them. After several games, children are familiar with 2+8= 10, 3+7= 10, 4+6= 10, ... 8+2 = 1 0, 9+1=/kloc. After the child can answer skillfully, ask two more questions: "How much is equal to 10" and "How much is equal to 10". If the child has difficulty in answering two unknowns, he should constantly remind the child from 1+9= 10 to 9+ 1= 10 until he is completely proficient in answering two unknowns, and the "aggregation method of 10" will be fully mastered. At this time, the child knows that 10 is the sum of 2 and 8, and naturally knows that 10 subtracts a 2, leaving 8, or subtracts 8 and 2 ... Mastering 1+9= 10, 2+8 = 10 ... 8+ Count 1 1 to 20 or more, and teach children that two 10 is 20, three 10 is 30 ... ten 10 is 100, and ten 100. The addition and subtraction within 10 is actually a technical problem. Children can count apples and biscuits, and naturally they can count ideas on playing cards. Just try to design some games for children to count ideas on cards, so I won't go into details here. Second, the addition within 20 children have mastered the addition and subtraction within 10 and 10, and it is easy to learn the addition within 20. Let the children play cards first, such as An 8, and adults An 7. Ask the child how much "8" should be added to form "10"? The child answered "2"; What is "7" minus "2"? The child answered "5"; Then ask the child 10 plus 5? If the answer is "15", it means that the child understands and should be praised. If the child can't answer 10 plus 5, put two cards in front of the child and let the child count. The first card counts to 8, and the second "7" starts counting from 9,9, 10, 1 1 ... to 15. Ask your child what 8 plus 7 is, and the child will answer correctly 15. And so on. You can often give your child some application problems to calculate. For example, Yao Ming already has seven toys, and my uncle gave Yao Ming five toys. How many toys are there in Yao Ming? The kindergarten teacher told her mother that Mingming had eight advantages, and grandpa said Mingming had six advantages. How many advantages does Yao Ming have? Rounding 10 can quickly master the calculation. Appellee added 2009-06- 17 08:43 III. Subtraction within 20 Ask your child how much is 7 minus 5? Children draw "7" and "5" cards, and they can answer correctly by counting ideas, even without counting. It is not difficult for children who have learned addition and subtraction within 10 and 10. But it is more difficult for children aged three or four to teach them how much 13 MINUS 5 is. Draw a "10" first, then a "3" to form a two-digit "13" less than 20, and then draw a third card "5". Ask the child how much "13 minus 5" is. To teach this question, just ask the child "10" minus "5". Children who have learned the "10 method" will immediately answer "5"; What is "5" plus "3"? Children will know that it is equal to 8. In this way, the abdication subtraction calculation calculated by pen is avoided. Children learn quickly, which is very beneficial to improve their mental arithmetic ability. After teaching the calculation method of poker games, it is necessary to gradually transition to direct oral question and answer without playing cards, such as 15 MINUS 8? How much is 17 minus 9? After a few days, the child can also master the subtraction within 20. In addition, you can also teach subtraction and train addition in 20 minutes. For example, if "6" is added to "8", the child can use the method of "10 rounding up" to calculate that it is equal to "14". Then he takes a piece of "6" and asks how much 14 minus 6 is equal to 8. The child can know at a glance that 14 minus 6 is equal to 8. Repeat it several times and the child will understand that addition and subtraction are reciprocal operations. Supplement to Respondents 2009-06- 17 08:44 Addition and subtraction of four, two-digit and three-digit numbers After children master the addition and subtraction method within 20, they should change playing cards into art picture cards, so that children can calculate directly with numbers without counting specific ideas. First, scrape off the English letters on the J, Q and K corners of a deck of playing cards and the cards of Da and Xiao Wang with a blade and write them as 20, 30, 40 and 50 respectively, and then change the letters and numbers on the corners of another deck of playing cards to 60, 70, 80, 90, 100,11. My name is one, two, three ... 9 "unit card" and 10,20, ... 990 "whole10 card". With these two cards, any two-digit or three-digit number can be composed of only two cards. Respondents add two digits of June-17 08: 47, 2009 and one digit: take an integer 10 digit, such as "20", and then randomly take two digits from A to 9, such as "4" and "7", to form two digits 24. What is question 4 plus 7? If the child's answer is equal to 1 1, what is 20 plus 1 1? Finally, it is concluded that "24 plus 7 equals 20 plus 1 1 equals 3 1". And so on. Two digits plus two digits: draw two number cards of "10", such as "30" and "50", and then randomly draw two single digit cards from A to 9, such as "7" and "6". One "30" and one "7" make up "37" and the other two make up "56". Let the child count "37+56=?" . What is three plus five? The child answered 8; What about 30 plus 50? At this time, the child will answer 80. Then ask how much is 7 plus 6? Children who have learned addition and subtraction within 20 years know that 7 plus 6 equals 13, and finally figure out what 80 plus 13 is, and get 37+56=93. If the sum of two digits is greater than 100, for example, 46+87=? How much is 40 plus 80? If the child can answer that 40 plus 80 equals 120, then 6+7= 13 definitely counts. Just tell the child that 46 plus 87 is 120 plus 13, and the child will soon figure out that it is equal to 133. If the child is smart and skilled in addition and subtraction within 20, he can skip the step of adding one digit to two digits and let the addition of two digits be completed in one step. I taught 4-year-old Zhou Chang two-digit addition in one step. She learned quickly and mastered it in a few days. After the child has mastered the addition of two digits, he can draw a few cards at will to form two double digits, so that the child can practice more. Children who are good at calculation are almost as fast as adults, and some are even faster than adults. Minus one digit from two digits: draw an integer card of 10, such as "40", and then randomly draw two digits from A to 9, such as "4" and "7". First, make "40" and "7" into 47 and work out 47-4. This subtraction without abdication is easy to calculate. 40 remains the same, 7 minus 4 plus 3 equals 43. If "40" and "4" make up 44, let the child count 44-7. To solve this problem, you can ask your child how much is 40 MINUS 7? Smart children will answer quickly, which is equal to 33. And ask 44 MINUS 7? Children will understand that 40-7=33, 44-7=40-7+4=37. This can avoid the trouble of abdication and reduction, which is very beneficial to speed up mental arithmetic after proficiency. If the child can't answer 40 minus 7, ask him how much 10 minus 7 is. When the child answers 3, ask 20 MINUS 7, 30 MINUS 7 and 40 MINUS 7, and the child will naturally forget. Another method can be taught: 44 minus 7 equals 44 minus 4 minus 3, and 40 minus 3 equals 37. I am an analogy.
Add: Label: Judgment, child, mental arithmetic How to judge whether a child has entered mental arithmetic? Hurry! ! Say what you know! Thank you ○o Nowhere to answer: 1 popularity: 5 Solution time: June, 2009-17 09: 07 When children's eyes are stagnant or absorbed, people are supplementing. Sometimes I have children with me. ! Thank you for your supplement. I have little knowledge. Without my question, 2009-06-16 at 22: 36, thank you very much for your help. How to introduce children's mental arithmetic (from the understanding and calculation of numbers)? Do you know this problem? I'm very sorry, I'm an engineering major. . .
The above answer is just a question raised by my observation as a parent. I really appreciate your help. Please let me know if you think of it! Thank you for your supplement 2009-06- 16 22:55. Excuse me, are you a kindergarten teacher? My question 2009-06- 16 22:57 I'm not, but my mother is! She doesn't know how to do it! Let me find her! Respondents added that the introduction of 2009-06-16 at 23: 06, also known as curriculum design and implementation, is the basic task of preschool teachers; Promoting children's all-round and harmonious development is the ultimate goal of preschool education. It requires teachers to master certain theories, determine goals, choose contents and methods, design courses suitable for children's development, and organize their implementation according to children's characteristics and development level, and according to the reality of different children. However, as far as the current situation of kindergartens in China is concerned, it is not enough for kindergarten teachers to design appropriate educational programs according to the actual situation of children in this class. More importantly, they learn to imitate teaching materials and other people's activity designs in a formal way. For example, the specific performance is that the target determination is too much and too empty, the content is not closely related to the target, and the application of methods and means is either single or applied for application, and its value has not really been brought into play. There are subjective and objective reasons for these phenomena. Among them, the most critical thing is that kindergarten teachers still lack understanding of what curriculum design is, why, how and what to design, or they don't know what they know in curriculum design, which greatly affects the design and implementation of kindergarten curriculum. The development of "speaking activities" in preschool education has consciously promoted the level of kindergarten curriculum design and implementation in theory. Respondents added 2009-06- 16 23:07 children's mental arithmetic.
What kind of effect can children who have received children's mental arithmetic achieve?
A: After the first semester (24-32 classes), children can add and subtract, add and subtract, and add and subtract within 10,000 on the chessboard. On this basis, after two periods (48-64 classes) of training, children can really master the mental arithmetic of multiple addition and subtraction.
Supplement to Respondents 2009-06- 16 23:08 How do kindergarten children learn mental arithmetic?
One; Abacus mental arithmetic, why can't most preschool children maintain their extraordinary abacus mental arithmetic ability for a long time?
Because the abacus mental arithmetic method is different from the primary school calculation method, children have no chance to continue to apply abacus mental arithmetic after school, which leads to children who have learned abacus mental arithmetic "giving up passively after entering school, basically forgetting after one year, and giving up voluntarily after two years"!
* Why don't parents sign up their children for the first phase of abacus mental arithmetic training?
Because parents are worried that abacus mental arithmetic methods, such as the guidance of abacus mental arithmetic formula and the calculation from high position to low position, are different from primary school mathematics methods, which may lead to preschool children's "fixed thinking" and affect future standardized education!
The investigation shows that the traditional abacus mental arithmetic method relies on formula and fingering training, and lacks the correct guidance of logarithmic concept and digital reasoning consciousness, which may lead to the "lag" of children's digital reasoning ability and affect the comprehensive establishment of mathematical thinking ability in the future. Respondent added 2009-06- 16 23:08 II; Hand-brain arithmetic; Hand-brain arithmetic is to use a child's little hand as a calculator, and break a few fingers when doing a problem, which is no different from pressing a calculator. For young children, we should first understand the concept and number of numbers, and mathematics should not be studied as a language. So I think this method is most suitable for older children who are taking exams, and kindergarten children are still hazy about the data. Traditional methods should be adopted to deepen the understanding of logarithm, which will help to cultivate children's logical thinking ability. 2009-06- 16 23:09 kindergarten quick mental arithmetic-a teaching mode that is really synchronized with primary school mathematics textbooks.
The arrangement and difficulty of the textbook "Fast Mental Arithmetic" is a fast calculation that closely follows the syllabus of primary school mathematics and integrates with junior high school algebra, which is simpler than the primary school textbook. Simplify written calculation and strengthen oral calculation. It is simple, easy to learn and interesting. After a short period of training, primary school students can write answers directly by adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing, not vertically.
In kindergarten, children in large classes can learn to add and subtract multiple digits, such as 5869+35 16, subtract multiple digits and abdicate multiple digits. Such as 8 185-6938. Tailor-made for preschool children, and pass the primary school oral calculation in advance. It is helpful for children to learn mental arithmetic quickly in kindergarten to go to primary school in the future.
Children no longer use draft paper to do their homework, but write answers directly.
Children mental arithmetic
Fast mental arithmetic is different from abacus mental arithmetic and palm mental arithmetic. The fast mental arithmetic invented by Niu Hongwei, a teacher in Xi 'an, mainly trains children to do addition, subtraction, multiplication and division quickly through certain rules in textbooks. "Quick mental arithmetic" is helpful to improve the order, logic and sensitivity of children's thinking and behavior, and train children's eyes, hands and brain to react synchronously and quickly. The calculation method is consistent with mathematics in primary and secondary schools, so it is very popular with parents of young children.