A son said, "I started from (3) the day I went out, (4) people were near, and Japanese and China were far away." Another child thinks that the sun is far from the sun when it rises, and it is closer to people at noon.
What's the matter with you? ), and (7) in Japan, then (8) is like a vegetable bowl (9), not (10). Is the far small and the near big? A son said, "It's cool at the beginning of the day (1 1) and cool at noon (12). Isn't it cool to be close? " Confucius can't decide (13). The two children laughed and said, "Who is smarter than you (15)?" (1) Debate: Debate, debate.
(2) reason: reason, reason. (3) take: think, think.
(4) Go: Leave. (5) noon: noon.
(6) Car cover: The canopy on ancient cars was umbrella-shaped. And: here we are.
(8) then: just. (9) jar: an open vessel for holding wine and food.
(10) Yes: Yes. (1 1) Cang Cang Liang: cold and cloudy, with cool weather.
(12) soup exploration: put your hand into hot water. It means it's very hot.
(13) judgment: ruling, judgment. (14) who: who, which.
(15) ru: you. The writing characteristics of The Day Two Children Debate are: 1, and the language is concise and reasonable.
2. Be good at using metaphors. For example, when two children argue about the phenomenon of "the distance between the suns", they use two metaphors such as "like a car cover" and "like a plate cylinder" to explain the size of the sun in detail, and combine "the beginning of a day" and "Japan and China" to clarify the reasons for the conclusion; On the one hand, starting from the feeling, taking Tantang as a contrast, combining the Early of the Day and Japan-China, the reasons are also made clear.
Because the author is good at using metaphors, the language is vivid and convincing, which is easy to be understood and accepted by people. Confucius traveled to the East and saw two children arguing on the way.
Ask them what they are arguing about. A child said, "I think the sun is close to people when it first comes out, and far away from people at noon."
Another child thinks that the sun is far away from people when it first comes out and close to people at noon. The previous child said, "When the sun first came out, it was as big as the roof of a car. At noon, it was as small as the mouth of a plate and bowl. Isn't this just looking small from a distance and looking big from a distance? " Another child said, "It's cool as soon as the sun comes out, and it's hot when you put your hand into hot water at noon. It's not hot when it's near, and it's not cold when it's far away? " Hearing this, Confucius could not judge who was right and wrong.
The two children smiled and said, "Who said you were so smart?" The second one is right. Ignore the revolution of the earth and only consider the rotation. From the center of the sun to a fixed point on the surface of the earth, it must be a long distance in the morning and a short distance at noon.
It's just that the change of this distance is not enough to make it hot at noon and cool in the morning. The heat at noon and the coolness in the morning are all caused by the incident angle of the sun, which is not the truth that "two children argue for a day". This article is an allegorical story.
The article describes that in ancient times, two children relied on their own intuition. One thinks that the sun is close to people in the morning, and the other thinks that the sun is close to people at noon. For this reason, they hold their own opinions and argue endlessly, even a knowledgeable person like Confucius can't make a judgment. This story shows that in order to understand nature and explore objective truth, we must dare to think independently and question boldly; It also shows that the universe is infinite and knowledge is infinite. Even the most knowledgeable people will know something and learn endlessly.
This story can be understood in three parts. Write the argument between Confucius and Lu Yu first, and point out the time, place, characters and reasons of the story.
Two children put forward two completely different views on how far the sun is from the earth at different times. Then write about two children who use the intuition (vision and touch) that people can experience in their daily lives to clarify their views in order to refute each other's views.
Finally, I wrote that the argument between Confucius and the two children was inconclusive, which led them to "laugh". The full text is only a hundred words, but it can give people a lot of inspiration.
It is the characteristic of language expression to express characters and unfold stories through dialogue description, which shows the innocence and loveliness of two children and Confucius' scientific attitude of being modest and seeking truth from facts. The main purpose of writing this article is to let students understand the language characteristics of ancient Chinese, and at the same time realize that knowledge is endless and learning is endless.
The difference in meaning between ancient and modern times is the difficulty in learning this article. For example, the meaning of "going" in "I want to be close to people when the sun rises" is different from that commonly used in modern times.
In addition, there are few words such as "who" and "ru" in modern Chinese, and such words should be understandable by students. The following translations are for reference only.
Confucius went to the East to study and saw two children arguing on the way. Confucius asked them why they argued.
A child said, "I think the sun is close to people when it first comes out, and far away from people at noon." Another child thinks that the sun is far away from people when it first comes out and close to people at noon.
The previous child said, "The sun was as big as a hood when it first came out, and it was like a bowl at noon. Isn't it far small and near big? " Another child said, "It's cool as soon as the sun comes out, and it's hot when you put your hand into hot water at noon. Isn't it cool to be near hot and far hot? " Hearing this, Confucius could not judge who was right and wrong. The two children smiled and said, "Who says you know much?" Second, the learning goal 1. Learn three new words in this lesson and clarify their meanings according to the notes after class.
2. Read the text with emotion. Recite the text and repeat the story.
3. Understand the content of the text, learn from the ancient people's spirit of understanding nature and seeking truth, which is good at thinking and boldly questioning, as well as Confucius' scientific attitude of modesty and seeking truth from facts, and realize the endless truth of learning. Iii. Teaching suggestions 1. Before class, the teacher can refer to the scientific common sense involved in the text.
Students can also be arranged to ask, "Does the distance between the sun and the earth change during the day?" ? Why does the sun look big in the morning and small at noon? Why does it feel cold in the morning and hot at noon? ".2. Although this article is concise, it is still difficult for students to read and understand the different meanings of ancient and modern characters. For example, the modal particle "Hu", which rarely appears in modern texts, appears three times in the article.
There are three steps to solve this difficulty. (1) After reading the text, students can understand the meaning of each sentence according to their notes.
For students who don't understand, the teacher can give them a little guidance to make them understand.
2. The third grade classical Chinese ppt courseware, the third grade poetry volume two. Topics: 17, chapter 2 of Mencius, 19, Fish I Want, 20 stories of Zhuangzi, 2 1, Debate over it, 22 satire of Zou Ji, 23 One Mountain, 24 The Book of Songs, Two Gong Li and Gong Li are ladders made by Chu.
Mozi heard about it and set out from Qi for ten days and ten nights. As for Ying, he saw the loss of the public. The loser said, "What is your master's life?" Zi Mozi said, "Those who insult ministers in the north are willing to kill them by borrowing their sons."
Don't say that the public loses. Zi Mozi said, "Please give me ten gold."
The loser said, "I will never kill anyone." Mozi got up and bowed again, saying, "Go ahead.
I learned from the north that I would attack the Song Dynasty. What was the sin of the Song Dynasty? Jing is more than the ground, less than the people. It is unwise to fight for all the surplus by killing less. Song attack without blame, non-benevolence; Knowing without arguing is not loyalty; Fighting for it is not strong; Righteousness does not kill less and kills more, which cannot be described by knowing the class. "
Public transport services. Zi Mozi said, "Of course, are you bored?" The loser said, "No, I am the word king."
Zi Mozi said, "Hu doesn't show me to the king?" The public loser said, "Yes." When Zi Mozi saw the king, he said, "Today, some people give up their selected works and neighbors want to steal them; Give up its splendid scenery, neighbors have short brown to steal it; Give up its meat, neighbors have bran, and want to steal it.
Why is this human? "The king said," there must be theft. "Zi Mozi said," The land of Jing is five thousand Li, and the land of Song is five hundred Li, which is the same as the anthology.
Jing has a cloud dream, rhinoceros and elk are full, Jianghan fish, turtle and catfish are rich in the world, and the so-called pheasant-free rabbit catfish in Song Dynasty is also bad. Jing has a long song dynasty, and the south has it, while the song dynasty has no long wood, which is beautiful and short brown.
I regard Wang Li's attack on the Song Dynasty as similar. "The king said," good! Although the bus section is a ladder for me, I must take the song. "
So watch the public lose. Mozi took off his belt as the city, took death as the weapon, set up siege machines on the bus board nine times, and Mozi separated it nine times.
The attack of the losing set was exhausted, and Mozi's defense was more than enough. Volkswagen lost the game, but said, "I know that's why I'm far away, so I won't say anything."
Zi Mozi also said, "I know that Zi left me because I didn't say anything." The king of Chu asked him why.
Zi Mozi said, "I lost my intention and wanted to kill my minister." Kill the minister, Song Mo can keep it and attack it.
And I disciple bird slip Li and other three hundred people, but has been in Song Cheng to keep the instrument of the mouth, waiting for Chu Kou. Although you killed a minister, you can't kill him. "
The king of Chu said, "Good. Please don't attack the Song Dynasty. "
Edit this paragraph 1, and translate the equipment made by the public transport bureau for Chu, and prepare to use it to attack the Song State when it is ready. When Mozi learned about it, he set out from Lu and walked for ten days and ten nights to the capital of Chu.
The loser said, "Sir, do you have any suggestions?" Mozi said, "There is a man who insulted me in the north. I hope to rely on your strength to kill him." I'm very unhappy about my loss.
Mozi said, "Please allow me to give you ten gold (as a reward for killing people)." The loser said, "I will stick to my morality and never kill anyone."
Mozi stood up, bowed twice and said, "Please allow me to explain my purpose. I heard in the north that you made a ladder to attack the state of Song.
What was the crime of Song State? Chu has plenty of land, but not enough population. It is unwise to wage war to kill people who lack war, but to fight for redundant land. Song is innocent and wants to attack it. Can't say this is benevolence. Knowing this truth but not remonstrating with the king of Chu cannot be said to be loyal; Want to remonstrate, but failed, can't say this is ability; You don't kill a few people, you kill a lot of people morally. You can't say it's reasonable. The failed bid was persuaded.
I am convinced that I am poor, but I am not satisfied. Mozi said, "In that case, why not stop attacking the Song Dynasty?" The loser said, "No, I have told the king of Chu about building the ladder."
Mozi said, "Why don't you introduce me to the king?" The loser said, "All right." Mozi met the king of Chu and said, "If there is such a person, he will throw away his gorgeous car and try to steal his neighbor's broken car;" Throw away your gorgeous clothes, but want to steal your neighbor's coarse clothes; I don't eat my own good meal, but I want to steal my neighbor's poor meal.
What kind of person does the king think this is? The king of Chu said, "This man must have been stolen. Mozi said, "Chu is 5,000 Li in Fiona Fang and Song is 500 Li in Fiona Fang." .
It's like a gorgeous car compared with a broken car. There are Yunmengze in Chu, rhinoceros (four tones) and elk everywhere, and there are a lot of fish, turtles (two tones) and fish (two tones) in Hanshui of the Yangtze River. Song kingdom is like a place where people say there are no pheasants, rabbits and fish.
It's like good food and bad food. In Chu, there were tall pine trees, catalpa bungeana trees and camphor trees (precious wood), while in Song, there was no extra wood.
It's like comparing gorgeous clothes with rough clothes. In my opinion, the king sent officials to attack the state of Song, which was the same as the theft of this person. "
The king of Chu said, "You are right! Even so, the public loss made me climb the ladder, and I must take Song State. " So, I summoned the public to lose.
Mr. Mozi took off his clothes as a city wall and used sawdust as equipment. The clever tactics of attacking the city were used by the public transport board many times in a row, and Mr. Mozi resisted again and again.
The siege equipment of the bus plate is used up, and Mr. Mozi's guard method is more than enough. The loser gave in, but he said, "I know what to do with you, but I won't say."
Mozi also said, "I know how you deal with me, but I won't say." The king of Chu asked him why.
Mozi said: "the meaning of losing is just to kill me." Kill me. Guo Song can't keep it, so he can take it.
And my disciple Bird Slippers (Gu Sansheng) Li and other 300 people have been holding my guarding equipment, waiting for the attack of the Chu army on the wall of the Song State. Even if you kill me, you can't kill all the defenders of Song State. "
The king of Chu said, "All right. I will not attack Song State. "
The two chapters of Mencius are not as good as geographical location at the right time, and geographical location is not as good as human harmony. The city of three miles, the country of seven miles, was invincible when attacked by the Lord of the Rings.
If the husband attacks it, it will be the right time, and if it is invincible, it will be the right place. The city is not high, the pond is not deep, the army is not strong, and there is not much rice (Si), so it is not as good as people and peace.
Therefore, people in this field do not regard it as a government.
3. Classical Chinese is a compulsory course for senior one students. Guangdong education printing plate senior one Chinese classical Chinese Unit 4 Complete teaching plan is compulsory. 4. One Language Classical Chinese Unit 4 Complete Teaching Plan 14, The Way of Confucius and Mencius Chapter 2 "The Confrontation of the Discipline" Teaching goal: 1. Understand the way of quoting. "Since the moral cultivation, people know that the language of this article is highly refined.
Senior one requires classical Chinese and senior one mathematics 1 teaching plan. One language, classical Chinese, Unit 4, Complete Lesson Plans, The Way of Confucius and Mencius, Chapter 2, The Confrontation of Ji: 1. Understand the way of quoting. "People far away from moral cultivation" understand the characteristics of the highly refined language in this article. Compulsory Chinese for Senior One 3: Sorting out all classical Chinese phenomena-ppt of Soviet Education Edition. The third compulsory course in Grade One of Edition High School: Flexible use of polysemous words and fixed sentence patterns in different parts of speech in ancient and modern Chinese: Wei, a Chinese group in Sheyang Middle School, Jiangsu Province, is diligent in his studies and changes his destiny. Success lies in the diligent achievements in details, which changed his academic research.
Soviet education edition requires classical Chinese 1 article, while Soviet education edition requires 5 articles in classical Chinese. Version 1 requires three ancient and modern synonyms of all classical Chinese \x0b. Sentence making: Wei, a Chinese group of Jiangsu Sheyang Middle School, worked hard in his studies and changed his fate. Success lies in hard work in details and academic learning reform.
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