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Mahjong Sky and Probability 108 Mathematical Master's Solution
Mahjong days and the probability of days-about 0.000003025 (about 1/330530)

Prerequisite: use 34 cards × 4 cards of each type =*** 136 cards.

There are no special cards (such as flower cards and wild white cards) that will affect the calculation results.

Don't use special services (such as thirteen towers) that are different from the usual card drawing.

Calculation method

It cannot be expressed by a simple formula. Although it is not impossible to write them out in detail one by one, it is better to leave them to the program for calculation.

If only this method is used to judge whether all permutations and combinations are AND cards, it will take astronomical time.

Use the following calculation order.

(1) Excluding seven pairs of Wu Shuang, the number of disks, drums and ropes may be 0, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 1 1, 12, 65438.

(2) According to the number of cards mentioned above, calculate the number of permutations and combinations of each type (n faces+max 1 sparrow), and then calculate the number of permutations and combinations in which all cards are right by the way.

(3) According to the combination of 14 cards of four kinds of cards, calculate the number of permutation and combination, but the sparrow head can only have one, five characters, fifty thousand, two cylinders, and the impossible combination of Zhang Suo is not counted.

(4) From the above results, remove the cards with the shape of seven pairs.

(5) Calculate the number of permutation and combination of seven pairs of sum cards.

The combination number of seven pairs of sum cards is 34C7.

The number of permutation combinations including repetition is 34C7×67.

(6) Calculate the number of permutations and combinations of Shiguo Wu Shuang and cards.

There are 13 permutations and combinations of Wu Shuang and Pai.

The number of permutation combinations including repetition is 13×6×4 12.

(7) Add the total number of permutations and combinations (including the number of repetitions) in (4) to (6) to calculate the probability.

All permutation combinations of total * * * (including repetition) are 136C 14.

(8) The calculation program does not need too much time, and it can be confirmed that the program is running normally. Also calculate the number of all permutations and combinations (including duplicates) from (1) to (3). Calculate all permutations and combinations of digital cards and 0 ~ 14 cards of digital cards, and the total number of all combinations of four cards is 14 cards.

Calculation result

(2) The results are as follows:

To sum up, the probability of Tianhe is:

12859078207674÷4250305029 1682 16000

= about 0.000003025 (about 1/330530)