Hilbert problem is the most important mathematical problem put forward by Hilbert at the International Congress of Mathematicians held in Paris in August 1900. Hilbert's 23 problems belong to four blocks: 1 to 6 are basic mathematical problems; Questions 7 to 12 are number theory problems; Problems 13 to 18 belong to algebraic and geometric problems; 19 to 23 belong to mathematical analysis.

The second problem is the Millennium problem.

The Millennium Prize problem, also known as the seven mathematical problems in the world, is seven mathematical conjectures published by the Clay Institute of Mathematics (CMI) in the United States on May 24th, 2000. According to the rules formulated by Clay Institute of Mathematics, as long as the solution of any conjecture is published in a mathematical journal and verified for two years, the solver will receive a million dollars prize. These problems echo the 23 mathematical problems put forward by German mathematician david hilbert in 1900.

In recent decades, two famous mathematical conjectures have been solved. One is that andrew wiles, a British professor of mathematics, proved Fermat's conjecture in the 1990s, and the other is that perelman, a Russian mathematical genius, proved Poincare's conjecture more than ten years ago. This conjecture is the only one that has been solved in the Millennium Prize puzzle.

In recent years, the conjectures solved in China are well known. The undergraduates of Central South University have proved the Sitapan conjecture, and sweeping monk and Zhang have promoted the proof of the twin prime conjecture.

I don't know much about philosophy. I hope it helps.