The horizontal structure of organization refers to the horizontal stratification of public organizations, that is, the functional structure of several working departments with the same status and different functions established by people's governments at all levels within their jurisdiction according to law. People's governments at all levels have different departments. The State Council has ministries, commissions and offices; The provincial people's government shall set up departments, commissions, bureaus and offices.
For example, after the institutional reform in the State Council in 2003, there were 28 departments in the State Council, including Population and Family Planning Commission, State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council, China Banking Regulatory Commission, Ministry of Commerce, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of National Defense, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Science and Technology.
Department structure refers to the share (or proportion) of various departments of the national economy in the whole national economic system and the sum of their relationships. Every department in the national economy has its own unique production or activity conditions in the social division of labor system, which plays a special role in the process of expanding reproduction.
Each department is a collection of many economic units or social institutions that perform the same economic functions or provide the same labor. In a certain period of time, various departments occupy a certain proportion in the total social products, national income or social and economic resources (such as fixed funds, working capital, labor force, natural resources, etc.). ).