1. Children with unclear questions, especially those in lower grades, have a general and unspecific perception of things, and often only notice some sensory and isolated phenomena without carefully observing the characteristics and connections between things. So when copying numbers and symbols, if you don't see them clearly, the copied numbers will be wrong, for example, write "3" as "8" and "26" as "62"; Write "+"as ""and so on. In many cases, in off-line calculation, the number in the previous line is wrongly written in the next line, or different numbers are written as the same number.

2. It is easy to be confused by assumptions. Some operation sequences, especially simple operation methods, are wrong. In addition to the above reasons, it is very easy to be confused by assumptions, thinking that simple calculation is enough, and the operation order is wrong. For example, in the process of decimal simplification, 32.78-(8.9+2.78) can be changed to subtract the last two numbers respectively, while similar 32.78-(8.9-2.78) cannot be simplified, and it becomes 32.78-8.9+2.78 after removing the brackets.

3. Children who are most affected by negative transfer are easily influenced by what they have learned, that is, transfer in learning. If the learned knowledge promotes the mastery of knowledge, it is positive migration, and vice versa. In the process of calculation learning, children are easily disturbed by negative transfer, which affects the accuracy of calculation. For example, when calculating multiplication, many children often have the calculation of addition.

Measures and methods:

First, do more and practice more. Practice makes perfect. "Rome wasn't built in a day." Speaking ability is a basic skill for children. It is necessary to plan long and arrange short, carry out teaching and training purposefully, planned and step by step, and embody the basic principle of teaching step by step and according to the new curriculum standard. In daily life, I insist on oral arithmetic training for 35 minutes every day and practice 1 crossing calculation every day. At the beginning, it is completed under the supervision of parents, and children can gradually let go to form a habit and voluntarily complete it.

Second, the quality and quantity training should record the time taken to complete each exercise 1 page, correct right and wrong immediately after completion and analyze the cause of the error. Every time you do training, you should compare it with the last time to see if there is any progress. Parents should praise their children appropriately and say, "Great, progress!" Children need timely encouragement at this time, just as players who struggle on the court need teammates to be cheerleaders, they can also post their excellent exercises in eye-catching places at home as incentives, and sometimes they can give a small prize. Parents should never be impatient at the sight of their children's slowness and say, "What a fool!" " If parents will have a bad influence on children, it is something that needs patience and love to do well. For children who regress, we can analyze the reasons for retrogression with them, then gently touch their heads and put forward what to do in the future. If their grades improve next time, they will be praised in time to encourage them to continue their efforts and build up their confidence.

Thirdly, diversified training forms and more exercises are the premise, but children are used to being interested in new things and especially like learning in games. If they practice alone for a long time, children will easily get bored. Therefore, oral arithmetic practice should be lively and varied, and the supplementary methods that can be taken in practice include: playing poker (24 o'clock), listening to arithmetic, driving a train, looking up passwords, winning red flags, sending letters, finding friends, fighting for the championship, regular tests and so on. (Pay attention to effectiveness and simplicity. At the same time, through some mathematical practice activities, let children realize the importance of cultivating language ability in our daily life (such as buying food and visiting supermarkets, etc.). ). Fourth, know arithmetic and master clever calculation methods. The improvement of verbal ability depends on children's understanding of arithmetic. Only on the basis of understanding can we get the effect of giving inferences by analogy, greatly improve the speed and accuracy of oral calculation and form oral calculation ability. To this end, we should pay attention to strengthening children's understanding of arithmetic. For example, rounding method, rounding method, decomposition method and memorizing some commonly used data are commonly used in oral calculation. When reading 254= 100, 1258= 1000, remind children that they can often use them as crutches to do oral calculations, and sometimes they can turn the questions into 254= 100,1258 =/kloc by decomposition. Fifth, developing good computing habits is a practical and effective way to improve children's computing ability. Help children develop the following good calculation habits, and do the serious calculation habits of "seeing, thinking and calculating". Calculation is a very serious matter, and we can't be careless, but there are only a few children who don't have good study habits. After getting the calculation problem, they can't see the numbers clearly, and they can't see the operation order clearly, so they calculate blindly.