Analogy, dichotomy, dimensional analysis, difference method, variational method, graph theory method, analytic hierarchy process, data fitting method, regression analysis method, mathematical programming (linear programming, nonlinear programming, integer programming, dynamic programming, target programming), mechanism analysis method, queuing method, countermeasure method, decision method, fuzzy evaluation method, time series method, grey theory method, modern optimization algorithm (tabu search)

These methods can be used to solve the following models: optimization model, differential equation model, statistical model, probability model, graph theory model and decision model.

Fitting and interpolation methods (giving a batch of data points and determining curves or surfaces that meet specific requirements, thus reflecting the overall changing trend of objects).

In the optimization method, decision variables, objective function (as simple and smooth as possible), constraints and solving methods are four key factors.