First, the hands-on operation type-both hands and brains
Many examples in primary school mathematics textbooks and exercises in teaching AIDS are geometric figures. It is nothing more than plane graphics and three-dimensional graphics. For example, in the section of "Rotation of Graphics", the author gives students homework mainly to let them do hands-on homework. Rotate a simple figure 90 degrees on square paper, and understand the process of rotating a simple figure to make a complex figure through example observation. Students practice by themselves, deepen their understanding of knowledge and internalize it into the ability to use knowledge.
Hands-on operation can also be divided into three types: manual operation, art design and clipping. Handicraft requires teachers to give some hints on the matters needing attention in the process of material selection and production before construction. For example, in Understanding the Corner, the homework assigned by the author is to let students make the model of the corner by hand. Tip: The materials can be toothpicks, cardboard, etc. Students perceive the characteristics of angles through their own hands-on practice. Art homework, white paper is a must. Remind students to control the legend when drawing. For example, in Direction and Location, the homework left by the author is: a guide map of parks in the community. Requirements: There are main buildings, and a road map is drawn. Personal experience of mathematics comes from life and guides our life. So as to cultivate students' interest in learning mathematics. Clipping operation is a process of continuous manual operation to determine the paste. If you have learned the combination of graphics, then the homework left by the author is to cut and paste the combined graphics on paper as required and describe the process. Students can clearly understand the transformation between graphics by hands.
Second, personal measurement-perception of numbers
When teaching measurement and measurement, there are: length unit, weight unit, time unit, area and unit of volume. Because of different units of measurement and different decimal systems, students' perceptual knowledge in this respect is easily confused. Direct indoctrination is much more, and students are easily bored and can't remember. When learning this kind of knowledge, the author creates conditions for students to practice and understand it in person. When designing this kind of questions, the author should ensure that every student has the opportunity to practice and feel for himself. If you weigh different objects, please estimate and weigh the mass of the objects. Personal experience is the most impressive. Through various activities, students learn knowledge and have a deep perception of logarithm.
Third, the questionnaire-enhance statistical awareness
Statistical and probabilistic content design of small surveys. The goal is to cultivate students' data analysis and statistical ability. Understand the ins and outs of knowledge through investigation and statistics. Teachers should pay attention to remind students of the scientific nature of investigation. Predict students' possible mistakes in statistics, give them guidance in advance, and teach students how to eliminate interference. Train students to analyze, compare and choose the collected information as a whole. In the process of investigation and statistics, students' potential and innovation ability have also been improved to varying degrees.
Fourth, the collection and sorting type-exercise the ability to summarize.
Mathematics in primary schools will involve the knowledge of other subjects, so it is impossible to introduce it in detail in textbooks. The rapid development of Internet in China has penetrated into every family. Teachers should make use of this effective resource with students to supplement their knowledge. However, the teacher reminds students to be selective before collecting a large amount of information. What is available and what is irrelevant can be discarded, so be conscious. Combing knowledge and constructing knowledge system.
In short, teachers can design a variety of exercises for different learning contents and types, so that all students can be active in the process of acquiring new knowledge and cultivate mathematics literacy.