The ancient Egyptians used hieroglyphics, and their numbers were expressed in decimal system instead of value system, and there was a special fractional representation. The arithmetic established by the Egyptian number system has the characteristics of addition, and the multiplication and division operation can only be completed by constant doubling. The ancient Egyptians expressed all the scores in Huasong unit scores (the sum of scores with numerator 1). In Ames' cursive script, there is a big score table, and the score of 2/(2n+ 1) is expressed as the sum of unit scores, such as 2/5 = 1/3+ 1/60.
1/776 and so on.
The ancient Egyptians have been able to solve some problems that belong to the first equation and the simplest quadratic equation, as well as some preliminary knowledge about arithmetic progression and geometric series.
If Babylonians developed excellent arithmetic and algebra, on the other hand, it is generally believed that Egyptians were better at geometry than Babylonians. One view is that the Nile regularly floods once a year, flooding the valleys on both sides of the river. After the flood, Lao Wang wanted to redistribute the land, and the long-accumulated knowledge of land survey gradually developed into geometry.
Egyptians can calculate the area of a simple plane figure, and the calculated pi is 3.16049; They also know how to calculate the volumes of prisms, circles, cylinders and hemispheres. Among them, the most amazing achievement is to calculate the volume of the truncated pyramid, and the calculation process they gave is consistent with the modern formula.
As for the use of a lot of mathematical knowledge in the process of building pyramids and temples, Egyptians have accumulated a lot of practical knowledge, which needs to be upgraded to systematic theory.