Cultivate children's abstract thinking

Mathematics is different from other subjects, such as Chinese. Children can learn Chinese well as long as there is a language environment. In kindergarten, children's thinking has begun to transition to abstract logical thinking because of their young age. For some specific problems or situations, figurative thinking in images gradually replaces intuitive thinking in action and becomes the dominant way of thinking, while abstract logical thinking begins to sprout. Early mathematics learning can promote the development of children's abstract logical thinking and help them realize the transition from concrete to abstract thinking mode.

Cultivate children's logical thinking

Kindergarten students are three to six years old, and they have certain quantitative estimation ability, but the reasonable estimation level is low. In the process of learning mathematics, kindergarten children will gradually understand how to solve problems with mathematical logic, and their sense of number development and ability of quantity estimation will be improved in their study. For example, teaching children to understand "how much and how much seven can be divided into" will generally guide children to give seven apples to their parents to see what are the different divisions. Many children are embarrassed because seven apples can't be evenly distributed before learning math, so they will give three apples to their parents and put the rest 1 aside. At this time, the child's brain has no logical thinking. They only consider whether their share is fair or not. This is a realistic problem. After learning mathematics, the abstraction of children's thinking will gradually develop and experience a process from concrete to abstract. Later, after learning, children will understand that whether they divide seven apples, seven peaches, seven toys or seven others, they will not regard these as operations that they don't want to turn off alone, but will see their essential similarity, that is, they will know how to divide them when they meet seven things. In this process, children not only understand the content of mathematics, but also develop the ability of abstract thinking.

Cultivate children's spatial imagination.

In children's mathematics learning, it is mainly to cultivate the ability to read pictures, draw pictures, recognize symbols and draw symbols. These studies will unconsciously expand children's perception and observation ability and cultivate children's spatial imagination. For example, when a child draws a table, the child will associate the table he sees in his daily life with his mind, and then construct the image of the table through "physical comparison" and draw his imaginary table with strokes.

Mathematics teaching in kindergarten

First of all, teachers must update their teaching concepts.

2 1 century will be an era of rapid development of high technology. Only by constantly updating teaching concepts can teachers adapt to the development and changes of new styles. The mastery and application of knowledge is endless. Only when you are never too old to learn can you not be eliminated by the times. Only by continuous innovation and enterprising can we keep pace with the times; Only by jumping out of the traditional educational circle of "focusing on imparting knowledge and overemphasizing the role of teachers" can we embody the new educational concept of "taking children as the main body and giving full play to children's subjective initiative", so that children can learn, understand and develop mathematics from life experience and objective facts in practical activities of studying and understanding problems, and then enjoy mathematics. For example, read more newspapers and magazines, consult more experienced teachers, visit and study in Brother Park, make more use of network information, and exchange scientific research results with other places.

Second, teachers must improve their teaching methods.

Traditional education methods obviously cannot cultivate children's innovative thinking and ability. Only through advanced teaching methods such as discovery, heuristic and discussion can children's initiative and consciousness be mobilized. Stimulate children's imagination and thinking ability, and guide children to explore problems bravely and boldly by means of inspiration, guidance and active participation. To cultivate children's courage and ability to discover, analyze and solve problems, we should proceed from the reality of kindergartens, choose one or several optimal teaching methods in mathematics teaching according to different contents, different teaching objectives and children's personality differences, and use them comprehensively and flexibly. For example, when teaching children to measure or compare the above three, measure the height of the bottle and the cup with a pen. From the fact that the cup is shorter than the pen and the bottle is higher than the pen, we can know that the bottle is higher than the cup.

Third, teachers should arrange and decorate a suitable learning environment for their children.

Provide a happy, harmonious, free and relaxed learning environment for children through practical operation and experience. For example, in the activity of teaching "juice bar", a juice shop was set up in the math corner before class. The shop is filled with several empty fruit juice bottles, boiled water and honey or orange juice, 10 paper cups of the same size, colored pens and so on. The teacher is the owner of the juice shop. Choose another corner of the classroom to arrange juice, and let the children take turns to be bosses and guests. In this way, children learn the capacity relationship between bottles and cups in a pleasant and relaxed environment, let children share the fun of opening juice bars with everyone in the process of learning, and concretize the abstract concepts of mathematical knowledge, which will have a multiplier effect.

Practice of Mathematics Teaching in Kindergarten

First, establish a harmonious relationship between teachers and students to stimulate children's interest in learning.

With a good teacher-student relationship, teachers' leading role and children's subjectivity will be brought into full play, children will be able to study with confidence, be full of exploration and innovation spirit in their study, and the efficiency of classroom teaching will certainly be significantly improved. In the process of education, teachers pour love and enthusiasm into children, put forward reasonable goals and requirements, and place ardent hopes on children, which will produce the "pictorial Marion effect" and achieve the ideal teaching effect. Treat the educational objects equally, and while giving the children with strong abilities "icing on the cake", we must pay attention to "giving charcoal in the snow" to the middle school students and the disadvantaged groups, so that they can be transformed into top students. Children have changed from "respecting teachers" to "believing in their ways", so they are willing to accept teaching and devote themselves to learning.

Second, enhance the interest of homework materials.

Teachers should master children's psychological characteristics, what kind of operating materials children of different ages like to use, and what kind of operating materials to use in an activity. Such as children's intelligent learning tools, multifunctional boards, abacus, plastic snowflakes, sand table teaching AIDS, game cards, round cards and other operating materials are brightly colored and deeply loved by children. Teachers should make more efforts, choose materials skillfully and make homework materials suitable for children. At the same time, when providing materials, we should pay attention to stimulating children's interest in participating in activities. Games are children's favorite activities. In mathematics education, we advocate playing with middle school, providing materials, and integrating toys and materials, thus embodying the integration of games and learning. For example: provide materials for mathematical competition games, and practice the sequence in solitaire games with solitaire game cards; Use sorting boxes to learn object sorting operations; Use cans as calculation rollers and do addition and subtraction exercises. Teachers should provide children with various, diverse and multi-level materials.

Third, the forms and methods of education should be closer to children's lives.

Children's development is achieved in stages. At each stage of development, children form their own way of observing and explaining the world according to their own lives. From birth, individuals are in a mathematical world full of shapes, sizes, numbers, positions and so on. In the process of dealing with the world, they constructed their own cognition and realized their own survival and development. Therefore, only mathematics education close to children's life content can be easily understood and accepted by children.