The Elements of Geometry is a mathematical work written by Euclid, an ancient Greek mathematician. It is the foundation of European mathematics, summarizes five postulates of plane geometry, and is widely regarded as the most successful textbook in history. Euclid also wrote some works about perspective, conic curve, spherical geometry and number theory.

Euclid used the axiomatic method. This method later became a model of establishing any knowledge system, and in almost two thousand years, it was regarded as a model of rigorous thinking that must be followed.

2. Zhang Cang and Geng Shouchang: Nine chapters on arithmetic.

"Nine Chapters Arithmetic" also has its unique achievements in mathematics. It not only mentioned the problem of score at the earliest, but also recorded the problem of surplus and deficiency at the earliest. The chapter "Equation" also expounds the negative number and its addition and subtraction algorithm for the first time in the history of world mathematics. It is a comprehensive historical work and the most concise and effective applied mathematics in the world at that time. Its appearance marks the formation of a complete system of ancient mathematics in China.

3. Klein: "Ancient and Modern Mathematics Thought"

The first volume includes the emergence of Mesopotamian mathematics, Egyptian mathematics and classical Greek mathematics. The second volume contains coordinate geometry; Mathematicization of science; The establishment of calculus; 17th century mathematics; 18th century calculus; Infinite series and so on.

The third volume comprehensively discusses the historical development of most branches of modern mathematics, focusing on the archaization of mathematical thought, and expounds the significance of mathematics and the relationship between mathematics and other natural sciences.

4. G. Paulia: "Mathematics and Guess"

The examples in Mathematics and Conjecture (1 volume) involve not only mathematics, but also physics. The book is rich in content, talking about the past and discussing the present, and vivid in narration, which can let people see the real mystery in mathematics.

The book is divided into two volumes, the first volume is induction and analogy in mathematics, the second volume is perceptual reasoning mode, and this volume is the first volume, which mainly tells various examples of perceptual reasoning in mathematics. Mathematics and Conjecture (1 volume) can be read by teachers and students of university mathematics department, middle school mathematics teachers, mathematics researchers and mathematics enthusiasts.

5. George Polya: The discovery of mathematics.

In the book "Discovery of Mathematics", the author tells the principles with high mathematical generality in easy-to-understand language and heuristic narrative method, which has benefited readers at all levels. This simple, simple and vivid teaching fully embodies the style characteristics of an education master.

The exercises and notes at the end of each chapter of this book are the continuation of the main text, which is closely related to the main text after careful selection and arrangement by the author.