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What is the military significance of the applied quantum communication technology?
The application of quantum communication technology has great military value. Quantum is the smallest indivisible unit of energy. Different from the classical world, it has uncertainty and non-cloning, which constitute the cornerstone of quantum communication security. Its security has been strictly proved in mathematics, which is impossible for classical communication so far. In addition, the superposition and nonlocality of quantum States make quantum communication have the characteristics of large storage capacity and long transmission distance.

Military information communication needs high efficiency, large capacity transmission and concealment, and quantum communication technology can just meet the requirements of military information communication. Therefore, once the quantum communication theory is put forward, it is considered to be a technology with great application value in the military field. Quantum communication is regarded as a new communication technology facing the future, which has incomparable advantages in security and efficiency compared with classical communication, and its influence on the future development of military communication is immeasurable. Judging from the current development of quantum communication technology, it has been applied to military information systems, covert communication and information countermeasures. The ability of large-capacity transmission and processing, the super-large information capacity and super-high communication rate of quantum communication can just meet the special needs of military systems. In covert communication, the key of communication stealth is to reduce electromagnetic radiation, while classical communication needs to transmit signals through electromagnetic waves, especially long-distance radio communication needs to radiate strong electromagnetic waves, and even laser communication needs to radiate strong light waves, which destroys the conditions of communication stealth. Because quantum communication has neither electromagnetic wave radiation nor light wave radiation, communication is really hidden.

The application of quantum communication in information countermeasure is mainly reflected in the knowability of quantum password eavesdropping. Quantum communication technology fundamentally solves the security problem of key. Any attempt to monitor the quantum channel will be interfered by some monitoring method, and both the sender and the receiver can find the existence of eavesdroppers. In the emerging field of quantum communication, space quantum communication has become a hot spot of development. Space quantum communication installs some facilities on the satellite, which is beneficial to the long-distance transmission of photons, and then combines with the quantum communication link inside the earth to establish a global quantum communication network. Therefore, quantum communication technology is of great significance in the military field.

First, quantum communication will greatly enhance the battlefield information processing capability. The informatization degree of army building will determine the position of countries in international competition in the 2 1 century, which is of far-reaching significance. Information and communication technology is the leading technology to win the information war, and it is also the main support for the construction of information weapons and equipment. Any information processing is inseparable from communication. As a new communication technology facing the future, quantum communication has incomparable advantages in security and efficiency, which has attracted the full attention of national defense departments in various countries. The launch of China's Mozi experimental satellite may just open a new stage of the mature development of quantum communication, which indicates that quantum technology is moving from laboratory to practical use in a certain sense. However, quantum information technology is becoming a new strategic frontier technology, and its foreseeable military application prospect is extremely broad. Quantum key distribution technology, quantum computer technology and quantum imaging technology will bring revolution in the fields of military communication and photoelectric detection, and will greatly improve military information acquisition, data transmission, intelligence support and information service.

Second, quantum communication will build a more solid combat system. With the rapid development of information technology, information warfare, as a new form of war, has entered the stage of human warfare, and system warfare has become a prominent feature of modern warfare. To maintain a reliable war system, it is necessary to have a military information system that can transmit and process information at high speed and large capacity. Because quantum is the smallest indivisible energy unit, it has the properties of uncertainty and unclonability, which constitutes the cornerstone of quantum communication security. In addition, the superposition and nonlocality of quantum States make quantum communication have the characteristics of large storage capacity. Quantum communication has a huge information capacity and a high communication rate, which can effectively meet the special needs of modern war systems. The development of quantum technology has made the modern combat system more solid, greatly improved the combat efficiency of weapons and equipment, and further improved the systematic combat level of modern warfare. War activities are carried out simultaneously in real space and virtual space, and they interact with each other. Combat weapons are no longer limited to one or two superior weapon platforms, but an information network composed of various advanced weapon nodes, consisting of countless ubiquitous battlefield sensors and distributed and autonomous combat formations and clusters. By establishing a quantum communication network in the battlefield, all combat units can be interconnected to individual soldiers more widely, safely and reliably, and a safer and smoother combat system can be built.

Third, quantum communication will greatly expand the extension of information warfare. With the continuous emergence of global strategic weapons and equipment such as satellites, intercontinental missiles, strategic bombers, nuclear submarines and cyberspace operations, the traditional combat style under nuclear deterrence is almost saturated, which means that it is difficult to find development space in the traditional war spectrum and use it to find a breakthrough to gain military superiority. The combat field of traditional war is approaching the limit, and people have to look for a broader extension of war to provide a broader combat space. It is in this historical period that quantum communication technology provides a historic opportunity for the extension of war space. With the extensive integration and penetration of quantum technology and traditional military field, the original combat style will change greatly, and the information attack and defense means based on radio principle may face the situation of failure, and new soft and hard attack means will follow, and the quantum combat effect with wider control, farther attack and greater influence will become the new normal.

Fourth, quantum communication will become the power engine to promote the new military revolution. The new war form in the information society is not only developed on the basis of inheriting the traditional war, but also the result of changes different from the traditional war form, in which new technologies have played a catalytic role. Military and science and technology complement each other, and scientific and technological progress supports military development. Quantum communication and the quantum science it represents, because of its potential to break the strategic balance and unprecedented subversion, have been infiltrated and applied in many directions in the military field, and gradually become the key technology to change the "rules of the game" of war, influence the war process and determine the outcome of war, and also an important field of strategic competition among world powers today. From the perspective of effect-based theory, the direct influence of quantum communication technology on army building and future operations is manifested in various fields of army building and war practice. If you don't see this, you won't have a clear understanding of the future development of quantum communication, and you may lose more than time and opportunity. Therefore, we must keep up with the trend of the new military revolution in the world, keep up with the changes of the times brought by quantum communication technology, make good use of the new opportunities brought by new technologies, and deal with the new challenges that may arise.

Fifth, quantum communication will lead to profound changes in the winning mechanism of war. In the information war, information power has become the dominant factor that affects and determines the direction of the war, and has become a combat capability multiplier that runs through the whole process of the war, permeates the all-dimensional space of operational activities, and integrates all elements of the operational system. Information superiority has become the key to winning the war. With the leap from the information age to the quantum information age, the wide application of quantum information technologies such as quantum computing, quantum communication and quantum radar in the military field will further subvert people's ideas and change the way to obtain and maintain information superiority in future wars. Once put forward, quantum communication theory has been recognized by all countries in the world as a technology with great application value in the military field, which will promote profound changes in modern war forms and combat styles and make major changes in the winning mechanism of information warfare. The application of quantum communication to land, sea, air and space weapon platforms will further promote the trend of aerospace, stealth, unmanned, precision and networking in modern warfare, and the corresponding countermeasures will also change. New forms of war force new forms of war. Only by adapting to the new technical characteristics such as quantum communication and using the new war mechanism can we adapt to the new requirements arising from the new stage of the development of information warfare.

Sixth, quantum communication will promote the pace of operational theory innovation. In the field of military theory innovation, operational theory is the most dynamic and creative innovation activity, which can best reflect the best combination of weapons and people. Once quantum communication technology is used in the military and materialized into new weapons and equipment, technology always forcibly changes and reshapes people's ideas, and is ahead of all the war history before war guidance and theory. In this context, if the operational concept and strategic objectives are not adjusted in time to match the strategic needs, operational capabilities and operational means, even with advanced quantum communication technology, weapons and equipment cannot be matched and optimized, and subversive operational styles that change the rules cannot be produced. Therefore, under the impetus of frontier technologies such as quantum information technology, some military powers have accelerated the pace of military thinking and operational theory innovation, and constantly introduced new military theories and new operational concepts. Theoretical lag is the biggest lag. With the rapid development of quantum communication technology, military theory innovation needs courage and wisdom, and combat theory should be endowed with fresh soul and blood. If we ignore the existence and challenges of new technologies such as quantum technology and get rid of the battlefield environment and war practice, then military theory will inevitably have no room for survival.

Seventh, quantum communication can fundamentally change the military symmetry between rivals. At present, the world has formed a new military balance situation dominated by American military hegemony and multipolar coexistence. Without subversive technological changes, the armies of developing countries are likely to continue to follow the footsteps of developed countries and thus remain in a backward sequence. Quantum technology is not only the core field representing the collection of frontier technology development in the military field, but also the most innovative, transcendental and subversive frontier technology development. Quantum technology provides a way for the qualitative change of military combat effectiveness and surpassing the traditional military capability system. In such a critical era that the dual drive of operational theory and cutting-edge technology has triggered a new round of military revolution, how to grasp the development and evolution trend of quantum technology represented by quantum communication from a strategic overall height and establish its main attack direction and breakthrough in the military field is the foundation of playing a good first move and playing an active war. Generally speaking, the demand of war always leads to the development of technology, and some famous inventions in history, such as computers, lasers and satellites, are all produced by the demand of war. Developed countries have established military superiority in traditional fields and will maintain this superiority. In this case, using the subversive effect of quantum technology to realize the technical surprise attack can change the strategic pattern as soon as possible and form a new strategic balance of mutual benefit. It is necessary not only to form a surprising advantage in the new frontier technology field, but also to prevent the developed countries from using subversive technologies again to form a new generation gap for us.

Eighth, quantum communication lays the foundation for the formation of a new pattern of military competition. Because of its attractive characteristics, quantum communication has become the object of research in various countries. China's theory and experiments in the field of quantum communication technology are in the forefront of the world, and China's "Mozi" scientific experimental satellite launch has made great progress. However, military competition has always been to eat the old with the new, and to fight slowly with the fast. America also attaches great importance to the development of quantum science. The U.S. government spends about $200 million annually to fund basic and applied research in the field of quantum information science. As an important participating department, the US Department of Defense's investment is concentrated in many fields such as precise navigation and secure quantum networks. The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency also continues to fund projects in different fields of quantum information science. It can be seen that quantum science has become the frontier of the strategic contest of big countries such as comprehensive national strength, scientific and technological level and military strength, and will become the basis for forming a new pattern of military competition in the future. If we can't correctly grasp the revolutionary changes that quantum communication will bring, and once the opportunity comes and fails to seize it, then the country and the army may face more severe challenges in the future.