First, cultivate students' good study habits and improve their mathematical thinking ability.
Learning habits refer to the fixed attitudes and behaviors formed in learning activities. Years of educational practice have made us deeply realize that good study habits are an important condition for learning knowledge, cultivating ability and developing intelligence. Study habits not only directly affect students' current study, but also have a great influence on their future study and even work. Therefore, it is an important task for teachers to cultivate students' good study habits. As a primary school math teacher, we should not only teach students, but also guide them, not only to teach math knowledge, but also to teach them how to learn math knowledge. Teach people to fish, teach people to fish. How to teach students scientific learning methods and cultivate good study habits? What we should do is to listen, watch, think and talk more, and cultivate students' habit of thinking actively and listening carefully. Will listen: listening without listening is equal to not listening. Students should remember while listening and thinking, and grasp the main points. We should not only listen carefully to the teacher's explanation, but also listen carefully to the students' speeches and listen to the problems in others' speeches. Ability to read: mainly to cultivate students' observation ability and habits. First of all, we should give students the right to observe, and don't replace students' watching with teachers' good words. Teachers must not talk or talk less about what students can find and think for themselves. Thinking: thinking, first of all, you must be willing to think. In the classroom, students should be willing to think with their brains, not only relying on the inspiration of teachers' teaching, but also relying on promotion to urge them to think with their brains. Ask students and teachers to think immediately and be ready to answer every question they ask. Will say: listen, look, think, break through. Language is the result of thinking. If you want to talk, you must think. Grasping and asking students to say this link as much as possible in class can promote students to think more; If you want to think well, think well, think well, you have to listen carefully and watch carefully. If we catch the talk, we can promote the other three meetings. Only good study habits can improve students' thinking ability.
Second, cultivate students' good reflective habits and improve their mathematical thinking ability.
In teaching, we often have such confusion: when the teacher asks questions, only a few students answer them enthusiastically, while other students often remain silent, or they follow other people's advice, but they don't know why. Sometimes the teacher designs many questions in teaching. When encountering obstacles in teaching, in order to complete the teaching progress, the teacher tells the students the answer or forget it, giving up the opportunity to guide the students to think. There are many reasons for the above situation, but one thing I think is that students lack the necessary reflection, mainly because they have no awareness of reflection or don't know how to reflect, so that many students have not found a suitable learning method; Students have no time to reflect; Teachers pay attention to self-reflection and ignore the cultivation of students' reflective ability. The new curriculum concept advocates returning the classroom to students, so that each student can become the master of learning. The key is to let students learn to study, learn to think, and especially learn to reflect. Reflection is an important mathematical activity, which is the core and motivation of mathematical activities, a positive thinking activity and exploration behavior, and assimilation, exploration, discovery and re-creation. Therefore, teachers should pay attention to their own reflection in the teaching process, and at the same time encourage students to develop the habit of reflection, so that students can learn and improve in reflection.
Third, cultivate students' problem-solving methods and improve their mathematical thinking ability.
1. Attach importance to knowledge transfer and broaden your thinking.
In the process of learning, some old knowledge is the basis of new knowledge, and new knowledge is the extension and development of old knowledge. Use the law of migration to develop thinking in acquiring new knowledge. It can be migrated through the relationship of knowledge chain to form a good cognitive network. A factory wants to produce a batch of machines. It was originally planned to produce 75 units a day and complete them in 20 days. The actual number of machines produced every day is 65,438+0/3 more than originally planned. How many days can this batch of production tasks be completed? Students can be guided to use fractional solution, equation solution, inverse proportion solution, normalization method and engineering problem solution. Besides, there are many other solutions. Make full use of the law of knowledge transfer to solve multiple problems. You can broaden your mind, develop your intelligence and cultivate your ability.
2. Let students explore more and cultivate the ability to solve more problems.
Multi-solution training for one problem is an exercise to guide and inspire students to analyze and solve the same math problem from different angles, different ideas, different methods and different operation processes.
3. Let the students expand and cultivate the changeable ability of a topic.
The change of a topic, from the point of view of the transformation of topic setting conditions, the change of data, the expansion of content, the transformation of question types and the analogy of exercises, all evolved from an original topic. It is the consolidation and sublimation of knowledge, so that the original knowledge can be strengthened and extended in specific applications.
4. Let students compare-cultivate students' association ability.
In the process of solving problems, let students make reasonable reasoning, explore mathematical laws and find mathematical conclusions, and truly become the main body of learning.