1, the composition is incomplete

2. Incorrect word order

3. Improper collocation

4. The ideographic meaning is unknown

5, illogical

6. Semantic repetition

7. Mixed sentences

8. Inconsistency

9. Improper denial

10, moving with two guests.

[Edit this paragraph] Discrimination method of sick sentences

The analysis of ill sentences becomes a trilogy:

1. Read. Mobilize the sense of language to check language disorders.

2. mention it. Put forward the trunk to check the branches and leaves. (This is the most commonly used method)

3. analysis. Grammatically correct analysis of things.

1. I went to plant trees last week.

[Analysis] There is no subject

Our class went to plant trees last week.

Today, all the students in Class One, Grade Three watched the film.

[Analysis] The words are reversed

Today, all the students in Class One, Grade Three watched the film.

His point of view is correct.

[Analysis] Word repetition (two or more words with the same meaning can be called word repetition)

[Revision 1] His viewpoint is correct [Revision 2] His viewpoint is correct.

The students are sitting in the wide reading room reading books.

[Analysis] Improper use of words

The students are sitting in the spacious reading room reading books.

[Edit this paragraph] Modification method of sick sentences

1, learn about several common types of ill sentences, especially the six types pointed out in the exam instructions; Improper word order, improper collocation, incomplete or redundant components, chaotic structure, unclear meaning and illogical. Familiar with the routine methods of correcting sick sentences.

2. The purpose of modifying ill sentences is to make the sentences accurate and clear. When you modify a sick sentence, you must keep the original intention and don't change it.

3. Grasping the main sentence from the perspective of grammar. Whether it is a single sentence or a complex sentence, grasping the trunk of the sentence will also grasp the basic meaning of the sentence, which is conducive to retaining the original intention when correcting the sick sentence. When grasping the trunk, pay attention to identify whether there is a problem with the trunk. If there are defects such as incomplete components, improper collocation of subject and predicate, improper collocation of verb and object, we must first correct them.

4. From the lexical point of view, see whether the modifiers of the sentence are properly matched with the head language, and whether the content words and function words of the sentence are used properly.

5. Let's talk about logic first. Although there are no chapters to introduce logical knowledge in middle school texts, some logical knowledge is often needed when modifying sick sentences. Usually, we should pay attention to mastering some basic logical knowledge. Some sentences are logically wrong, so we should consider them from a logical point of view when modifying them.

6. Choose, imitate and change sentence patterns

7. Expand sentences and compress paragraphs

Examples of modification of various ill sentences

1, the composition is incomplete

(1) Abuse of prepositions leads to incomplete subject.

Through this study, my level has been greatly improved.

? Remove "Tong" and let "Xue" be the subject; Remove "yes" and let "grade" be the subject.

☆ From the above obvious facts, it is proved that the Party's principles and policies come from the masses.

? Delete "from"

(2) The predicate is incomplete

☆ A comprehensive quality inspection campaign has been launched recently, and a series of work such as establishing and strengthening the technical management system will be carried out in this campaign.

? Add "completed" before "established"

In the old society, working people did not have enough to eat and wear.

? Add "live" before "eat", or delete "live" and "have enough to eat and not be warm" as predicates.

☆ Inspired by Lei Feng's spirit, teachers and students all over the school are doing good things like mushrooms after rain.

? Take away the "teachers and students of the whole school".

(3) The object is incomplete

☆ The school party committee discussed and mobilized all teachers and students to carry out patriotic health campaign.

? After "sports", add "problems"

We should make every effort to mechanize and collectivize agriculture.

? After "collectivization", add "the road of"

(4) The necessary modifiers are incomplete

☆ If you want to get excellent grades, you must work hard.

? Add "hard and effective" before "labor"

☆ Zhang Qiang and Li Li won the men's and women's championships respectively in this school-wide table tennis singles competition.

? Add "respectively" before "win"

(5) Incomplete related words

☆ The stick insect in Singapore is not only almost the same color as bamboo, but also completely looks like a branch when it is quiet.

? Add "and" before "number"

☆ The academic conference was short and gained a lot.

? Add "although ... but ..."

No matter how good you say, we won't listen.

☆ (Even if you have a big career at home, you should save unnecessary expenses and waste.

2. Redundancy in composition

(1) redundant subject

Lao She's writing style has always shared weal and woe with the people.

? Get rid of "style"

(2) the predicate is redundant

☆ The lecture notes borrowed from your college last time are being printed and can be distributed to students before class.

? Delete "Continue"

Ten players on the basketball court are having a fierce game.

? Delete "Click"

(3) the object is redundant

Sima Qian, a famous historian in China, devoted his life to compiling Historical Records.

? Delete "Writing of"

☆ Today, I visited the White Pagoda, Diaoyutai and Wu Ting Bridge of Slender West Lake in Yangzhou.

? Remove "location"

(4) Attributes are redundant.

☆ Implementing quality education in an all-round way is the urgent task of current education.

? Delete "current"

(5) Adverbials are redundant

☆ Xuelian brand shirts are first-class in China in terms of style, quality and packaging.

? Remove "can"

☆ I sincerely thank these people in my heart.

? Delete "in my heart"

☆ There are fruits everywhere: pears, apples and persimmons. ...

? Delete "everywhere"

(6) Redundancy of complement

☆ In order to simplify the number of words, we have to make some minor changes.

? Delete "some"

(7) dispensable

☆ I walked about ten miles unconsciously.

? Eliminate "distance"

It has been nine years since my father died.

? Delete "from now on"

(8) Misuse of the word "de"

Surprisingly, in March this year, the price fell, and then slowly stabilized.

? Delete "Germany" and replace it with "falling prices"

☆ Due to the turmoil and humid climate in the past dynasties, almost all the paintings at that time were destroyed.

? Add "virtue" and change it to "turmoil in past dynasties"; Delete "Germany" and change it to "humid climate"

3. Incorrect word order

There is a problem with the (1) component.

(2) Branch failure

(3) Improper sequence

Ill sentences-improper collocation

Improper collocation:

1, improper collocation of subject and predicate

2. Improper collocation of subject and object

3. Improper collocation of verbs and objects

4. Improper collocation of modifiers and headwords

5. One side and two sides are not properly matched

6. Improper collocation of related words

1, improper collocation of subject and predicate

The main performance is that the predicate cannot state the subject, sometimes the subject or predicate acts as a coordinate phrase, and some do not match.

☆ Its annual power generation is not only supplied to Hangzhou, but also transported to Shanghai, Nanjing and other places.

? Replace "power generation" with "power generation"

☆ What a beautiful picture the rustling waves and the silver sea make up.

? Get rid of the "rustling waves"

☆ Young students (period) is a critical period for their physical growth and knowledge, and for their outlook on life and world. Therefore, we must pay full attention to and strictly demand them.

? Add "period" after "students"

The task before the translator is how to improve the translation quality.

? Get rid of the "problem"

Autumn in Beijing is the most beautiful season.

? Change Autumn in Beijing to Autumn in Beijing.

☆ The Japanese Film Week held in Harbin and Shenyang and five Japanese films shown in other provinces and cities in China are works with unique style and national characteristics among Japanese films in recent years.

? Add "screening" after "movie week"

2. Improper collocation of subject and object

Autumn in Beijing is the most beautiful season.

? Change Autumn in Beijing to Autumn in Beijing.

3. Improper collocation of verbs and objects

Verbs and objects should be collocated in meaning and grammar. A common mistake is that when a verb has more than two objects, the latter object does not match the verb.

☆ If we don't pay attention to the network moral construction, some moral corruption and negative and backward ideas may affect people's physical and mental health through the network, violate the normal social order and damage the overall situation of reform and development.

? Replace "violation" with "interference"

☆ The Soviet novel How Steel was Tempered shaped party member Paul? Kochakin's heroic deeds.

? Change "deeds" into "images"

☆ The students watched and listened to the brave hero's report with reverence.

? Delete "Gaze and"

Recently, Jinan promoted civilized service terms and service taboos, which were welcomed by the general public.

? Clear "and service taboos"

☆ You can read precious documents, books, audio and video materials that you have never seen before on the Internet.

? Delete "recording and"

☆ The People's Liberation Army has rescued and provided disaster relief for many times, protecting people's lives and property.

? Delete "Security of"

4. Improper collocation of modifiers and headwords

(1) Improper collocation of attributive and head.

☆ I have a pair of smart and capable hands, and I can do anything.

? Get rid of "smart"

(2) Improper collocation of adverbial and headword

☆ We have carefully studied the suggestions of the employees and humbly sought the opinions of experts.

? Replace "serious" with "serious" or "cautious"

A factory is constantly committed to the research and development of new products, new technologies, new processes and new materials driven by technological progress.

? Get rid of "new technology and new technology"

(3) Improper collocation of complement and head language

The students made the classroom clean and tidy.

? Get rid of "neatness"

5. One side and two sides are not properly matched

☆ The key to doing a good job in disaster relief depends on whether the style of cadres is in-depth.

? Add "whether" at the beginning of the sentence, or change it to "whether the production and disaster relief work is done well depends on whether the cadres go deep into the masses".

☆ Artists used to be looked down upon by people, but now they are eagerly valued by people. Between this supercilious look and love, they realized the warmth of the world.

? Change "warm" into "cold and warm"

6. Improper collocation of related words

☆ Only by attending classes well and finishing homework well can the academic performance be greatly improved.

? Change "just" to "just"

☆ Imagination is not only necessary for poets to create, but also necessary for readers to appreciate.

? Replace "not only" with "not only"

Now that you are here, I should go, too.

? Change "Ye" to "Jiu"

Wrong sentence-incorrect word order

1, attribute position is incorrect.

2. Improper adverbial position

3. Several attributives are out of order.

4. Many adverbials are out of order.

5. Improper position of function words

6. The subject and object are upside down

7. Incorrect word order in complex sentences

The attribute location is incorrect.

1. The position of attribute and head is reversed.

It is impossible for China to be self-sufficient in cotton production for a long time.

? Replace "cotton production" with "cotton produced"

2. Put the attribute in the position of adverbial

The word order of these two attributes is wrong.

☆ This exhibition shows cultural relics just unearthed thousands of years ago.

? Add "thousands of years ago" before "cultural relics" and "Germany" after "before"

Improper position of adverbial

1. Put the adverbial in the attributive position

☆ Teachers should give full play to the role of students in class.

? Add "full" before "play"

The positions of these two adverbials are reversed.

☆ According to the sketch of Lao Gao's cartoon, we successfully found the legendary god hunter.

? Switch the positions of "Smooth" and "According to the sketch of Lao Gao Comics"

Li Qiang ignored Zhang Zhuo.

? Put "No" before "Put Zhang Zhuo"

The multiple attributives are out of order: range+quantity+verb+form+noun+head word.

General order of multiple attributes:

1. Attribute or Tense

2. Reference phrases or quantitative phrases

3. Verbs or verb phrases

4. Adjectives or adjective phrases

5. Nouns or noun phrases

6. The phrase with "de" is placed before the attribute without "de"

☆ Excellent female basketball coach with more than 20 years' teaching experience in the national team.

? Attributive quantitative verb phrase adjective noun

☆ Young people show great enthusiasm for reform.

? Put "incomparable" before "enthusiasm". Verb phrase adjective

Many adverbials are out of order.

The general order of adverbials:

1. Object-object phrase indicating purpose or reason

2. indicate the time or place

3. Full table

4. Expression or degree

5. Object-oriented phrases of table objects

☆ Many teachers//talked with him enthusiastically in the lounge yesterday.

? Time-place range modal object

☆ The next day, the world's major newspapers reported this event that shocked the international sports world in detail.

? About this event that shocked the international sports world, all the major newspapers in the world reported it in detail.

Improper position of function words

1. The adverb "bu" is in the wrong position.

☆ If we don't do our domestic affairs well, it will be difficult for us to have a say in the world.

? The negative adverb of "ba" sentence should be placed before the word "ba"

☆ If we don't check the contract farming work quickly now, we won't be able to hoe the land in front of us.

? Add "no" before "use"

2. Incorrect position of related words: when clauses in complex sentences have the same subject, the subject should be at the head of the whole sentence; When the subjects are inconsistent, the related words should come before the subjects.

She not only studies hard, but also helps other students.

? Add "she" before "not only"

If he cannot be realistic, his career will be affected.

? Put "if" before "he"

The weight of things is reversed.

☆ At that time, there were few opportunities for newspapers to contact me.

? It should be "my contact with the newspaper"

☆ Mathematics doesn't interest me.

? "I'm interested in mathematics."

About: when the prepositional structure is used as an adverbial, it can only be used at the beginning of a sentence (as an attribute in a sentence);

Preposition structure of: As an adverbial, it can be used in the first sentence of a sentence.

Improper order in complex sentences

☆ Spring breeze blows in waves, trees sway, moonlight and shadows shake together, making a rustling sound.

? It should be "tree skills swaying, rustling sound, tree shadows shaking."

Modify the sick sentence:

1. How great changes have taken place in the old and new societies!

I guess he must have done this problem wrong.

3. The author of Morning Flowers Picking Up at Evening is Lu Xun.

After watching this TV series, everyone was deeply impressed.

Huang Jiguang not only died heroically, but he will live in our hearts forever.

I went to plant trees last week.

Today, all the students in Class One, Grade Three went to the movies.

8. Xiaohong's homework is the best in our class and her grades are also the best.

9. This is an interesting fairy tale book.

10, the students are cleaning the classroom in full swing.

1 1. After watching Prometheus, I can't be calm for a long time.

12, I often recall the past.

It rained all morning this morning.

14. We carefully studied the staff's suggestions and humbly sought the opinions of experts.

15, praised by teachers and classmates because of good grades.

16. In the old society, working people did not have enough to eat and wear.

17, his revolutionary spirit always comes to my eyes.

18, Suzhou, Hangzhou, Dalian and Kunming are the tourist attractions in the south of China.

19. There is a small pouch on my desk.

Modify the answer to the sick sentence:

1. How great changes have taken place in the old and new societies!

I guess he made a mistake on this issue.

3. The author of Morning Flowers Picking Up at Evening is Lu Xun.

After watching this TV play, we all left a deep impression.

Although Huang Jiguang died heroically, he will live in our hearts forever.

We went to plant trees last week.

Today, all the students in Class One, Grade Three watched a movie.

8. Xiaohong is the best in our class.

9. This is an interesting fairy tale book.

10, the students are cleaning the classroom in full swing.

1 1. After watching Prometheus, I can't be calm for a long time.

12, I often recall the past.

It's been raining all morning.

14, modestly study the employee's suggestions and earnestly solicit expert opinions.

15, her good grades were praised by teachers and classmates.

16. In the old society, the working people lived a life of lack of clothes and food.

17, his revolutionary image always appears in front of my eyes.

18, Suzhou, Hangzhou, Dalian and Kunming are the tourist attractions in China.

19. There is a small pouch on my desk.

[Edit this paragraph] Modify the symbols of sick sentences

1. Delete symbol: used to delete words, punctuation marks, words, phrases and long sentences or paragraphs.

2. Recovery number: also known as reserved number, used to recover deleted text or

Symbol. If more than one word is recovered, it is best to mark the recovery number under each word to be recovered.

3. Used for key signature: used to exchange the positions of adjacent words, phrases or phrases.

4. Correct numbers: correct wrong words or symbols to be correct.

5. Add Numbers: Add new words or symbols between words or sentences and paragraphs.

6. Key figures: It is dedicated to praising well-written words and sentences.

7. Prompt number: specially used for problematic words, phrases, sentences and paragraphs, prompting the author to analyze the mistakes and correct them by himself.

8. Assignment number: used for long-distance transmission of words, punctuation marks, words, sentences and paragraphs.

9. Paragraph numbering: divide a paragraph into two paragraphs to represent another paragraph.

10. Parallel paragraph number: the following paragraph is connected with the above one, indicating that it should not be segmented.

165438+

12. Forward number: the text moves forward or the top space.

[Edit this paragraph] Modify an example of a sick sentence

In the following sentences, the structure is complete ()

A: He has been interested in languages since the day he went to school.

B. Because American universities ignore the application of theory, the number of useful scientific and technological talents in the United States is decreasing year by year, resulting in a talent crisis.

Deep in the dense forest of C Nature Reserve, waterfalls can be seen everywhere, and it has the title of "Hometown of Waterfalls".

D. She described to me that on New Year's Eve, farmers kept jiaozi up late, and the whole family ate jiaozi and set off firecrackers in the early morning of the first day.

C is correct, A and B lack subjects and D lacks objects.

The subject of sentence A is hidden in the prepositional phrase, and "he" is placed before "cong", so the subject is exposed and the components are complete. Sentence B should be the subject word. The imperative verb is used before the sentence, which makes the sentence lack of subject and deletes "yes" Sentence D describes the lack of things and complements people's "situation".

(You can also delete the "because" in sentence B, so there will be a subject. )

Example 2 Delete the redundant elements in the following sentences by symbolic method.

A. I've been thinking about this problem for a long time, and I haven't found a good solution.

B. once the switch is closed, the current cannot pass.

C. no one can deny that the earth does not revolve around the sun.

D. seeing the progress of students, the teacher is happy from the heart.

Analysis A deletes "ideologically", B deletes "no longer", C deletes "no" after "earth" and D deletes "from the heart".

One of the reasons why coaches create "redundant elements" is semantic repetition, which often leads to the repetition of attributes, adverbials and headwords. "Consideration" must be in the mind, so delete "in the mind". Another reason for "redundant ingredients" is the use of negative words, which leads to the opposite meaning. If B turns off the switch, it should prevent the current from passing. More use of "no longer" becomes a switch, and the current passes.

Example 3 The following sentence with proper collocation is ()

Orchards are everywhere on both sides of the road.

B. all kinds of reading sounds converge into a beautiful singing voice.

C. the snow-white walls are swaying, which makes people unable to open their eyes.

D at the party, the actors performed music, dance, qigong and other cultural programs.

Analysis on the unreasonable collocation of planting and orchard. B, it is not properly matched with singing skills. D qigong is not a literary program. C, that's right.

The collocation of nudge words is mainly analyzed from the perspective of grammar and logic. Usually, whether subject-predicate, verb-object, attribute, adverbial and head word, complement and head word are collocated or not is an illogical question. The connotation of the concept of literary programs does not include Qigong.

Example 4 Choose the correct word order ()

A. The wolf has nothing to say about the argument between the wolf and the little goat.

B. The Palace Museum exhibited newly unearthed cultural relics more than 2,000 years ago.

C. we resolutely implement the education law and study hard.

D. We had an extensive exchange of views on improving the quality of teaching.

D analysis is correct, and the word order of A, B and C is improper.

Dial item A and put it before "None". Item B, "more than two thousand years ago" should be before the cultural relics were placed.

Item C should be studied before implementation, which is logical.

Example 5 There is no language disorder ()

A. Wang Gang and Li Ming met on the road. He told him that he bought a set for reviewing for Grade Three yesterday.

B. intelligence and cleverness are not born, but acquired through practice.

C. two people negotiated for a long time, but there was still no result.

D after listening to Zhang Haidi's report, I was very inspired and educated.

What is not wrong is item B.

Dial a, the reference is unknown, and who is he? I don't know. The semantic scope of item C "negotiation" should be aimed at organizations and individuals. This question is a misnomer. Item d, mixed sentence, mixes the words "I listened to the report" and "the report gave me great inspiration and education", resulting in structural confusion.

Example 6 Modify the following sentences. (Change the original text with standard modification symbols)

A. Wu Xiong's feat resonated with the audience and was deeply educated in extreme excitement.

B.what a rich and silent subtext there is behind this sentence.

C. criticism and self-criticism are effective ways to raise awareness.

D. despite the teacher's criticism, his mistakes never change.

The analysis of component A is incomplete, and the theme "Everyone" is missing. Component B is redundant, so delete "silent". C improper order adjustment will shift "consciousness" to "effectiveness". D typo, change "although" to "regardless".

Correcting sick sentences by nudging is a supplement to what is missing, and makes up what is missing in the ingredients. Delete more points, delete redundant components, adjust the wrong order, and correct typos.

The revised result should meet the grammatical rules and logical requirements.