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(1) Set appropriate questions in the reading process, guide students to actively think about themselves in the reading process, actively "process" the "raw materials" provided by textbooks, and self-construct the real mathematical knowledge "products", not artificially endowed. There is an old saying: "If you have doubts about your study, small doubts will make small progress, and big doubts will make great progress. Skeptics will also have the opportunity to achieve and make progress after a period of time. " Therefore, we should pay special attention to cultivating students' problem consciousness in mathematics reading. For example, when reading the section "angles formed by straight lines on different planes and their distances", in addition to the key words in the main concepts, we should also understand five questions: a) Why should we introduce the concepts of angles formed by straight lines on different planes and their distances? B) What is the relationship between the new concept and the angle and distance between straight lines in plane geometry? C) Why do you define it like this (rationality of new concept)? D) How to express new concepts in graphic language and symbolic language? E) How to find the angle and distance formed by straight lines on different planes?
⑵ Instruct students to take math reading notes. Notes are a powerful weapon against forgetting and an important way to accumulate cognitive experience and improve cognitive level. So, be sure to take good notes and use them well. There are several forms of reading notes in mathematics: a) problem notes. When you encounter difficulties in reading, it is best to extract them specifically and record your knowledge and ability systematically in order to make a targeted breakthrough; At the same time, when reading, I try my best to explore and record the problems and the ideas of dealing with them, and establish my own "problem set". B) sentimental notes. In reading, what you feel, experience and find should be recorded immediately, and you should accumulate a flash of wisdom that is difficult to reproduce and have a precious "spark collection". C) sort out your notes. If the first two kinds of notes are the reading process from "thin" to "thick", then combing notes is the reading process from "thick" to "thin", which is a record of constantly refining the reading content.
⑶ Refine mathematical thinking methods and enhance mathematical understanding. Mathematical thought is the basic viewpoint of mathematical activities. Under the guidance of mathematical ideas, mathematical methods provide ideas, logical means and specific operating principles for mathematical activities. Mathematical thinking method is the refinement, abstraction, generalization and sublimation of mathematical knowledge, and it is a more general understanding of mathematical laws, which is contained in mathematical knowledge and needs learners to explore. Through the guidance of reading mathematics textbooks, students can understand what they have learned, know what they are and why, master the original knowledge, refine the essence, grasp the key clues and basic thinking methods, organize them into refined content, gain the experience process of learning and re-creation, and improve their mathematics learning ability.
In mathematics reading training, teachers use the above three methods based on mathematics textbooks to guide students to develop the habit of "thinking while reading", so that students are willing to read and can read mathematics materials, thus improving students' self-learning ability and benefiting them for life.
Third, exchange reading experience and write reading reports, so that students can enjoy reading math books.
Students' math learning activities are always carried out in class. The learning atmosphere of class group and the interaction between classmates will affect the learning of its members tangibly or invisibly. Class members have different mathematical foundations, different reading abilities and different degrees of learning consciousness. It is of great benefit to improve students' reading ability to organize students to exchange their feelings and experiences in reading mathematical materials from time to time. Teachers should give appropriate guidance, take students as the main body, and provide an atmosphere for students to communicate, discuss, apply mathematics, learn from each other and improve collectively.
On the basis of reading and exchanging mathematical materials, it is an important way to improve reading efficiency for teachers to properly guide students to write reading reports, so that students can combine reading and writing, use their hands and brains, and promote thinking development. A "learning summary report" has been added to the new curriculum standard of senior high school mathematics, which will raise the learning of senior high school mathematics to a new level, enable students to learn to communicate, help each other, share and cooperate in group communication full of cooperation opportunities, and realize the perfection of knowledge, emotion, attitude and values.
To sum up, mathematical language is a special language that uses formal symbols to reflect various problems and phenomena in the real world. Only by mastering the ability to read mathematical language can we truly master and understand mathematics. Mathematical ability is a stable psychological characteristic of individuals, which directly affects the efficiency of mathematical learning activities and enables them to be successfully completed. Judging from the structure of mathematical ability, mathematical reading ability is a basic mathematical activity. Judging from the manifestation of mathematical ability, mathematical reading belongs to internal psychological ability. Therefore, cultivating students' mathematics reading ability and forming the reading habit of "thinking while reading" is beneficial to the development of their mathematics ability, thus promoting the improvement of their lifelong learning ability. Therefore, paying attention to the cultivation of mathematics reading ability in teaching work, "teaching people to fish" is the key to mathematics teaching.