Nanjing (abbreviated as Ning), known as Jinling and Jiankang in ancient times, is the capital of Jiangsu Province, a sub-provincial city and the core city of Nanjing metropolitan area. It is the shipping and logistics center of yangtze river international, an important national gateway city driven by the radiation of the Yangtze River Delta, one of the four ancient capitals of China, and an important birthplace of Chinese civilization. Known as "the ancient capital of six dynasties" and "the metropolis of ten dynasties", it is also known as "the literary hub of the world" and "the southeast"
Nanjing is located in the east of China, in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, near the river and in the southwest of Jiangsu Province, with a subtropical monsoon climate. Famous scenic spots include Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, Ming Mausoleum, Ming City Wall, Xuanwu Lake, Confucius Temple, Zijin Mountain and Jiming Temple.
Location context
Nanjing (7)
Nanjing is located in the middle of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, in the southwest of Jiangsu Province. It is a national regional central city (East China), the headquarters of East China Theater [20], an important national gateway city driven by the radiation of the Yangtze River Delta, a node city where the "Belt and Road" strategy meets the Yangtze River Economic Belt strategy, and a core city of Nanjing metropolitan area. [2 1][22] The geographical coordinates are from 3 1 14 "north latitude to 32 37" east longitude118 22 "east longitude. The geographical coordinates of Xinjiekou in the city center are 32 02' 38 "north latitude and118 46' 43" east longitude. [23] with a total area of 6587.02km? [24], the built-up area in 20 17 years is 1398.69km? .
topography
Nanjing's landform belongs to Ningzhenyang hilly area, with low mountains and gentle hills as the main features. Low mountains account for 3.5% of the total land area, hills account for 4.3%, hills account for 53%, and plains, depressions, rivers and lakes account for 39.2%. Ningzhen Mountain Range and Laoshan Mountain in the north of the Yangtze River run through the middle of the city. There are Hengshan Mountain and Donglu Mountain in the south, which are located in the southern boundary of the hilly area of Qinhuai River Basin. Nanjing's plane position is long from north to south and narrow from east to west, forming a positive north-south direction; The straight-line distance between north and south is150km, the east-west width in the middle is 50-70km, and the east-west width at the north and south ends is about 30km. The southern part is a landform complex composed of low mountains, hills, valley plains, lakeside plains and rivers along the river.
Climatic characteristics
Nanjing (24)
Nanjing has a humid climate in the north subtropical zone, with four distinct seasons and abundant rainfall. Annual average rainfall 1 17 days, average rainfall 1 106.5mm, relative humidity 76%, frost-free period 237 days. The rainy season is from late June to early July every year. Average annual temperature 15.4℃, maximum annual extreme temperature 39.7℃, minimum-13. 1℃, average annual precipitation1106mm. ..
Nanjing enters spring in April 1, summer in June 8 and autumn in September 18. Winter is about 165438+ 10/2. Winter and summer are long, and spring and autumn are slightly shorter. Nanjing is short in spring and autumn, long in winter and long in summer, and the temperature difference between winter and summer is significant. Due to the change of atmospheric circulation and the continuous afforestation in Nanjing, the summer heat in Nanjing is much lower than that in other cities in Jiangnan and South China, so the name "stove" was removed.
Hydrological resources
Nanjing has the highest education level in China, and the proportion of people with university education is 26. 1 1%, ranking 1 among sub-provincial cities, lower than Beijing (3 1.5%) and higher than Shanghai (2 1.9%). [27] Among the permanent residents in Nanjing, there are 209 10000 people with university degrees, accounting for 26. 12% of the total population, which is equivalent to 1 college students in every four people, while 1 in every 10 people in Jiangsu. [28]
According to the data of Liu Pu, there are 55 ethnic groups in Nanjing, of which the Han nationality accounts for 98.76% of the total population and the ethnic minorities account for about 99,200. Among them, there are more than 70,000 Hui people, accounting for more than 70% of the total population of ethnic minorities. Other ethnic minorities with 1000 or more are Manchu, Mongolian, Miao, Zhuang, Korean, Tujia, Uygur, Buyi and Yi. [29][30]
At the end of 20 19, the permanent population of the city was 8.5 million, an increase of 63,800 or 0.8% over the end of last year. Among them, the urban population is 7.072 million, accounting for 83.2% of the total population (urbanization rate of permanent residents). Among the permanent residents, the population aged 0- 14 is 97 1.2 million, accounting for1.4%; /kloc-6.453 million people aged 0/5-64, accounting for 75.9%; The population aged 65 and above is 1075800, accounting for 12.7%. The annual birth rate of permanent residents is 9.34‰, the mortality rate is 5.2‰, and the natural growth rate is 4. 14‰. At the end of the year, the actual population of the city was 103 12200, an increase of 429800 or 4.3% over the end of the previous year. Among them, the total registered population was 7,098,200, an increase of128,800 over the end of last year, an increase of1.8%; The floating population was 3201.40 million, an increase of 30 1.3% over the end of last year.
economic development
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Nanjing Zifeng Building (450m)
198 1 year, Nanjing was listed as one of the national 15 economic center cities. In 2004, Chinese mainland ranked sixth in the economic center positioning index, second only to Beishangguangshen [37]; In 2008, the headquarters' economic development capacity ranked fifth in China, ranking behind the North, Guangzhou and Shenzhen. [38]2065 438+04 China regional central city competitiveness evaluation, Nanjing is second only to Shenzhen and Guangzhou (excluding Beijing and Shanghai). [39] In 2065438+05, Nanjing ranked fifth in the country, followed by Beijing, Guangzhou and Shenzhen. [40]20 17 The industrial structure of Nanjing is that the primary industry accounts for 2.3%, the secondary industry accounts for 38%, and the tertiary industry accounts for 59.7%. The proportion of tertiary industry ranks sixth in China, and the top four are Beishangguangshen Hangzhou. [4 1][42][43][44]
In 20 19, the regional GDP reached1400438+0.5 billion yuan, an increase of 7.8% over the previous year. By industry, the added value of the primary industry was 28.982 billion yuan, an increase of 0.7%; The added value of the secondary industry was 504.086 billion yuan, an increase of 6.7%; The added value of the tertiary industry was 869.947 billion yuan, an increase of 8.6%. According to the resident population, the per capita GDP is 16568 1 yuan (converted to $240 17 at the annual average exchange rate). The added value structure of the three industries was adjusted to 2. 1: 35.9: 62.0.
In 20 19, the annual general public budget revenue was 158003 billion yuan, an increase of 7.5%. Among them, the tax revenue was 65.438+037.383 billion yuan, an increase of 654.38+00.6%, and the tax payment ratio was 86.9%. General public budget expenditure165.860 billion yuan, an increase of 8.2%. Expenditure on people's livelihood was 654.38+027.59 billion yuan, accounting for 76.9% of the general public budget expenditure. Expenditure on education, social security and employment, health care and family planning, energy conservation and environmental protection increased by 654.38+04.2%, 654.38+02.8%, 22.4% and 654.38+065.438 respectively.
In 20 19, 325,200 new jobs were created in cities and towns. At the end of the year, the registered urban unemployment rate was 1.75%. There are 38,800 self-employed, 66 19 college students, 60 18 farmers, and 0197,600 entrepreneurs.
In 20 19, the consumer price of urban residents increased by 3. 1% over the previous year.
20 19 food, tobacco and alcohol increased by 7.3%, clothing increased by 2.3%, residence increased by 1.7%, daily necessities and services increased by 1.5%, transportation and communication increased by 2. 1%, education, culture and entertainment increased by 4.4%, and medical care increased by 0.5%. The ex-factory price of industrial producers decreased by 2. 1%, and the purchase price of industrial producers decreased by 1.6%.
In 20 19, there were 225,600 newly registered market entities in the city, up by 4.9% over the previous year, with a total of1419,500. Among them, 4769 1 domestic enterprises (excluding private enterprises); 884 foreign-invested enterprises1household, an increase of 3.3%; 640,000 private enterprises, an increase of 7.4%; The number of individual industrial and commercial households was 7 1.82 million, an increase of 1.5%.