First, the connotation of primary school mathematics core literacy
Core literacy refers to the innovative ability of students to master the characteristics and laws of subject learning and adapt to the development and changes of subjects through their own cognitive understanding. The cultivation of this ability not only promotes students' autonomous learning, but also aims at comprehensively strengthening students' will quality, promoting students to form a good learning consciousness and forming a good habit of lifelong learning, so that students can learn through effective knowledge and master basic learning methods, which is the basic requirement for cultivating students' core literacy. In primary school mathematics teaching, cultivating students' good learning quality based on mathematics discipline can comprehensively strengthen students' learning consciousness [1].
Second, the current primary school mathematics teaching students' core literacy training status analysis
1. Classroom teaching lacks effective guidance.
In the process of primary school mathematics teaching, effective guidance to students is the premise of strengthening the classroom teaching system and an effective method to improve students' core literacy. Some teachers who have just engaged in mathematics teaching often lack teaching experience and strong teaching ability, lack understanding of real learning situation, can't ask questions effectively in classroom teaching, and lack sufficient awareness experience and cognitive strategies, so they can't guide primary school students to think independently well. For teachers with many years of teaching experience, they are used to the traditional mode of full-house irrigation, rarely guide students to think independently, fail to give full play to students' dominant position and deprive students of the opportunity to think independently. All of the above shows that the current primary school mathematics classroom teaching teachers lack effective classroom guidance for primary school students, lack the awareness of cultivating students' independent thinking, and it is difficult to promote primary school students to form the core literacy of mathematics [2].
2. Students' initiative in classroom learning is difficult to mobilize.
Students are under great teaching pressure in the process of knowledge learning, and it is difficult to improve their knowledge of abstract mathematics. Teachers strengthen students' knowledge and understanding, and consolidate exercises in the form of paper homework after class, which not only reduces students' enthusiasm for learning mathematics, but even leads to students' boredom with learning. In this teaching environment, it is difficult for students to actively participate in classroom learning, not only to think effectively, but also to learn mathematics knowledge efficiently. At the same time, even if students actively participate in classroom learning, they will not actively think about math problems, that is, thinking with their brains will not have much teaching value. Because students are in the traditional solidified teaching thinking and are accustomed to passive and numb thinking, they will not make any effective innovation. Therefore, under the modern teaching mode, students' interest in participating in classroom learning is not high, they lack active thinking, and it is difficult to form core literacy.
Third, the effective strategies to cultivate students' core literacy in primary school mathematics teaching
1. Establish teaching objectives, guide students to learn independently, and stimulate students' initiative in learning.
The key to cultivating primary school students' core literacy in primary school mathematics teaching is that teachers should strengthen students' knowledge application ability through guidance. In the current teaching practice, many teachers still follow the traditional spoon-feeding teaching method, which can not strengthen students' understanding of mathematics knowledge, let alone improve students' mathematical cognitive model, resulting in students' low efficiency in learning mathematics. In teaching practice, many teachers are faced with severe tests from students, and some students' academic performance has dropped significantly, which is directly related to the difficulty of mathematics knowledge. On the one hand, students' learning style has not changed, they have not developed the good habit of independent thinking and self-exploration, and they are used to mechanical memory of mathematical knowledge. In order to improve primary school students' mathematics core literacy, teachers should fully explore the contents of mathematics textbooks, strengthen students' cognition and understanding of mathematics knowledge, and help students overcome mechanical memory. In the process of mathematics teaching, teachers should guide students to learn to think and explore independently when encountering problems. Students form good mathematical thinking through independent inquiry, their learning ability is improved, they have good mathematical thinking ability, master efficient mathematical learning methods, and form core literacy.
2. Strengthen primary school students' mathematical consciousness with problem orientation.
In the process of primary school mathematics teaching, in order to cultivate primary school students' mathematics core literacy, teachers should pay attention to digging textbooks, put forward questions in combination with textbooks, and cultivate students' mathematics consciousness, that is, cultivate students to find correct ideas to solve problems with the help of textbooks, so as to establish scientific mathematical thinking. "Problem-solving" means that students learn to solve all kinds of problems they face correctly in their daily life and learning process under the guidance of teachers. In teaching, teachers should also train students to deeply understand mathematical knowledge points, master mathematical problem-solving skills, let students find their own problem-solving methods, and actively solve various mathematical problems in life and study. In teaching, teachers should guide students to find, ask and solve problems. Teachers should encourage students to set up correct knowledge learning goals, so that students can establish learning confidence in the learning process, so that students can constantly improve their learning ability in their lives, and so that students can learn the correct methods to solve mathematical problems in the process of solving mathematical problems and form mathematical thinking.
3. Stimulate students' interest in learning mathematics knowledge.
To cultivate primary school students' independent thinking ability, teachers should dig up textbooks, ask questions in combination with textbooks, and stimulate students' interest in learning mathematics knowledge, that is, how to let students deal with correct problem-solving ideas through textbooks, so as to establish scientific mathematical thinking. "Problem solving" requires students to learn to solve all kinds of problems correctly under the guidance of teachers. In teaching, teachers should also train students to deeply understand mathematical knowledge points, master mathematical problem-solving skills, let students find their own problem-solving methods, and actively solve various mathematical problems in life and study. In teaching, teachers should guide students to find, ask and solve problems. Teachers should encourage students to set up correct knowledge learning goals, so that students can establish learning confidence in the learning process.