An important link in the teaching of mathematical calculation in primary schools is to practice a knowledge point from multiple angles. We can introduce some phenomena in real life into mathematical application problems. Mathematics learning, like Chinese learning, needs to build a good classroom background for students in order to carry out classroom teaching more effectively. In the stage of fractional mathematics, although the overall difficulty of mathematics is not great, there are many branches involved, which basically cover mathematical calculation, geometric calculation, fractional calculation and so on commonly used in our lives, and the amount of information is still very large. At the same time, the characteristics of primary school students are relatively active. If the teaching method is too boring, it is not easy for students to understand. Mathematics should also be vivid and concrete. In the course of class, teachers can demonstrate the mathematical knowledge involved to students in combination with the actual situation. For example, after learning the contents of fractional multiplication and fractional division in the first volume of fifth-grade mathematics published by People's Education Press, students can be required to asphalt a section of expressway for 50 meters within 2.5 hours. According to this calculation, how many hours will it take to lay 350 meters? By solving this problem, students not only consolidate their knowledge, but also exercise their thinking analysis ability and table calculation ability, so it is more helpful to improve their comprehensive quality of mathematics than the simple 50÷2.5 calculation problem. In teaching, students' aggressive psychology can be used to design some math games, such as driving a train, winning a red flag, math turntable, poker games and so on. It has stimulated students' interest in learning and urged every student to participate actively, and has received good results.
2. Be flexible and draw inferences from others.
In the teaching of calculation, students should learn to deal with all kinds of problems flexibly. For example, the problem of "planting trees" in Unit 7 of the first volume of the fifth grade mathematics in the People's Education Edition is relatively simple in the textbook. We need to turn the problem of planting trees into various problems such as:
(1) Find the number of trees: There is a highway with a length of 1600 meters. How many seedlings does it take to plant a tree every 20 meters on both sides of the expressway?
(2) Find the distance: plant trees on both sides of a 250-meter-long road, with both the starting point and the end point planted. A * * planted 10 1 tree, and the distance between every two adjacent trees was equal. Do you know how many meters it is?
(3) Find the total length: 95 trees are planted on one side of a section of highway, and two trees are planted at both ends. The distance between every two trees is 5 meters. What is the total length of this section of highway?
(4) Closed figure: Plant a willow and 40 trees every 2 meters around the circular pool. What is the circumference of the swimming pool?
Through various comparisons, let the students draw inferences from others and really master the useful known conditions in the stem of the question. Teachers should take the problem-solving process as the most important teaching content in the whole teaching process, let students know how to think in the process and why to think like this, and then compare their own thinking process, so as to improve their logical ability and cultivate their mathematical thinking ability.
3. Use simple calculation methods to improve the operation efficiency.
The potential of primary school students needs the guidance and stimulation of teachers, especially in the way of thinking and solving problems. In the teaching of mathematical calculation in the fifth grade of primary school, teachers need to teach students clear thinking of answering questions, and at the same time pay attention to cultivating students' serious research on topics. Proper application of simple calculation in calculation teaching enables students to master regular knowledge and pay attention to induction and summary. One of the most important aspects is the application of simple algorithm. For example, in the decimal multiplication exercise of 9.5× 1 1 in the first volume of the fifth grade of People's Education Press, many students still use the column vertical method and multiplication formula to perform complex operations according to the original calculation method. Although the result is correct, it wastes time and energy. Therefore, a simple algorithm can be used. For example, just now, 1 1 is decomposed into 10 plus 1, and then multiplied by 9.5 respectively, and the result can be calculated accurately. Of course, if the exam time is enough, you can use column vertical check to improve the accuracy. For primary school students, a big misunderstanding in learning mathematics lies in treating the headache rather than the foot pain, which is a very common mistake. Only from the logarithm operation, we see the importance and possibility of analogy. If you want to calculate the numerical value quickly, you must be able to estimate, judge, check and move the decimal point skillfully.
4. Grasp the details and cultivate good study habits.
Many students with average grades tend to be careless in calculation and lack the ability to check and check by themselves. Details determine success or failure. It is indispensable to improve students' computing ability, correct learning attitude and develop good study habits. Therefore, our teacher must start from scratch and strictly require students to listen carefully, read the questions carefully and finish their homework independently. Don't ask others easily or rush to get results. And let students establish the idea that "the questions they can do must not be wrong". Do your homework carefully and neatly at ordinary times. The standard writing format can conveniently record the calculation methods, steps and ideas, and prevent the wrong writing of numbers and operational symbols. At the same time, it is necessary to cultivate students' habit of using draft paper when calculating, and write it clearly to facilitate inspection. Checking habits can greatly improve the correct rate of homework. There are many methods of checking calculation, among which inverse operation checking calculation is one of the effective methods. Of course, many math problems can be solved by one problem, and many methods can be used to improve the accuracy.
In the teaching process, teachers should "teach people to fish as well as teach them to fish", integrate theory with practice, stimulate students' interest in learning, make students draw inferences by using simple calculation methods in the calculation process, improve the operation efficiency, cultivate students' habit of self-examination and error correction, and lay a good foundation for future study and life.