The application of comparative method in primary school mathematics teaching 1. The comparative concept in concept teaching reflects the essential attribute of things, which is the basis of thinking as well as thinking? Cells? , is the basis of correct reasoning and judgment. The concept description in primary school mathematics is abstract, and it is generally difficult for primary school students to learn concepts, but many concepts are closely related. If comparison is fully used in concept teaching, students can master mathematical concepts accurately and firmly.
1. Comparison when introducing concepts. Before introducing a new mathematical concept, teachers should first analyze what mathematical concept this concept is based on, and then naturally introduce the new concept from the process of reviewing the old concept, so that students can clearly understand the differences and connections between the old and new concepts and lay a solid foundation for accurately understanding the new concept.
2. Comparison when consolidating concepts. After learning a new mathematical concept, in order to enable students to consolidate the concept they have learned, teachers should guide students to compare the concept they have learned with some related confusing concepts, so as to correctly understand the essence of the concept. 3. Comparison of concept deepening and application. The purpose of mastering mathematical concepts is to use the concepts learned to solve practical problems, and the process of using concepts is a process of deepening the understanding of concepts, which can make students understand the meaning of concepts more deeply.
Second, the comparative application problem teaching in the application problem teaching is most conducive to cultivating students' thinking ability and ability to analyze and solve problems. Making full use of comparison method in the teaching of practical problems can make students understand the quantitative relationship in comparison and master the method of solving problems.
1. Comparison between simple application problems and compound application problems. Any compound application problem is composed of several related simple application problems. When teaching compound application problems, let students do several simple application problems related to them first, then guide students to combine these simple application problems into compound application problems, and then compare the connections and differences between simple application problems and compound application problems, so that students can naturally master the key to solving compound application problems and divide compound application problems into several simple application problems. This effectively improves the ability to solve application problems.
2. Comparison of the application of reciprocity. There are many application problems, and the quantitative relationship between them has the characteristic of reciprocity. By comparing their problem-solving ideas and clarifying their relationship, we can string all the fragmentary knowledge into lines and nets, thus constructing a complete knowledge structure.
The application of comparative method in concept teaching is the basis of logical reasoning, the basic guarantee of correct and fast operation, and the basis of learning and mastering knowledge. The concept description in primary school mathematics is abstract, and it is generally difficult for primary school students to learn concepts. If the comparative method is fully used in concept teaching, it will not only help to clarify mathematical concepts, but also help students to master mathematical concepts accurately and firmly, and also help to develop students' logical thinking ability.
1. Compare the old with the new.
Before introducing a new mathematical concept, teachers should first analyze what mathematical concept this concept is based on, and then naturally introduce the new concept from the process of reviewing the old concept, so that students can clearly understand the differences and connections between the old and new concepts and lay a solid foundation for accurately understanding the new concept. Practice shows that deriving a new concept from the learned concept can not only make students better understand the new concept, but also make the knowledge structure more perfect and make students master it more firmly. More importantly, it can help students to establish a linked thinking method and form logical thinking ability.
2. Consolidate the understanding of concepts and highlight the contrast through variants.
Consolidation is an important link in concept teaching. According to psychological principles, once a concept is acquired, it will be forgotten if it is not consolidated in time. To consolidate the concept, students should be guided to repeat it correctly after the concept is initially formed. Here, students are not simply required to memorize, but to grasp the key points, main points and essential characteristics of concepts in the process of retelling, and at the same time pay attention to the variant practice of applying concepts. Proper use of variants can make thinking not bound by negative stereotypes, realize flexible transformation of thinking direction and make thinking divergent. Through such training, you can effectively eliminate external interference, right? Odd numbers? With what? Even number? Understand more deeply. Finally, when consolidating, we should compare the concepts taught with similar and related concepts through appropriate positive and negative examples, distinguish their similarities and differences, pay attention to the scope of application, and be careful of implication. Trap? Help students to reflect, so as to arouse deeper positive thinking about knowledge and make the acquired concepts more accurate, stable and easy to transfer.
3. Intuitive demonstration to deepen the understanding of concepts
Concept is the reflection of the essential attributes of things, and it is the basis of thinking as well? Cells? , is the basis of correct reasoning and judgment. The description of concepts in primary school mathematics is abstract, and it is generally difficult for primary school students to learn concepts, but many concepts are closely related. If we make full use of visual teaching AIDS or courseware to demonstrate and guide students to compare, we can make students grasp mathematical concepts accurately and firmly. Like a right angle? Acute angle? Blunt angle, when teaching, the courseware I designed first shows the prepared rectangles and squares, first flashes the four corners of the rectangles and squares to show right angles, and then displays an obtuse triangle, and then flashes the three corners to show acute angles? Oblique angle, then pull right angle to compare, let students observe and summarize, let students realize that acute angle is less than right angle, obtuse angle is greater than right angle. This intuitive comparison can not only arouse students' interest in learning and stimulate their thirst for knowledge, but also transform concrete images into abstract and general understanding, laying the foundation for activating innovative thinking.
The application of comparative method in practical teaching Comparative method is a way of thinking to identify the similarities and differences of things, and it is the basis of all understanding and thinking. Society develops in comparison, and our mathematics teaching, especially the teaching of exercises, is inseparable from comparison. In the teaching of mathematical exercises, the proper use of comparison method can help students correctly understand the relationship between various quantities, improve their ability to distinguish and analyze thinking, help them correctly understand and master problem-solving methods, and cultivate the profundity and accuracy of thinking.
1. Analysis of quantitative relations in application problems by comparison method
Junior students are beginners in application problems, but their grasp of quantitative relations is superficial and lack of essential understanding. In teaching, teachers put together application problems with the same number, the same content and different relationships, and compare them to distinguish similarities and differences, which can help students understand the quantitative relationship of application problems and master the problem-solving methods correctly. For example, (1) there are 200 volleyballs in the gymnasium, and football is 20% of volleyball. How many footballs are there? (2) There are 40 soccer balls in the gymnasium, accounting for 20% of the total volleyball. How many volleyball balls are there? After reviewing the questions, guide the students to find out the relationship between the questions through observation, and use the comparison method to get and understand the quantitative relationship between multiples, multiples and multiples, thus revealing the internal relationship between such application questions and laying a good foundation for learning complex application questions in the future.
2. Transform the conditions and set the comparison.
In the teaching of two-step calculation application problem, the original problem is changed to a condition or a problem, and the comparison object is set to guide the comparison, so that the one-way teaching becomes two-way or even multi-directional. Through this comparison, we can not only make the characteristics of comparative knowledge clearer, but also reveal their connections and differences and prevent confusion and isolation between knowledge. Like explaining? There are six cocks in Li Nainai, and there are twice as many hens as cocks. When Li Nainai answered, "How many chickens does he have?" I changed the second condition to? There are only twice as many cocks as hens? Let the students compare with the original question and make it clear that the original question should be multiplied first. First find the multiple of the corrected question, and then solve it by division. Through comparison, cultivate the flexibility and creativity of students' thinking, and make students' thinking in? Change? Getting exercise and overcoming the interference of fixed thinking can help students find the best way to solve problems and improve the agility of thinking.
3. Comparison between simple application problems and compound application problems
Any compound application problem is composed of several related simple application problems. When teaching compound application problems, let students do several simple application problems related to them first, then guide students to combine these simple application problems into compound application problems, and then compare the connections and differences between simple application problems and compound application problems, so that students can naturally master the key to solving compound application problems and divide compound application problems into several simple application problems. This effectively improves the ability to solve application problems.
4. Comprehensive comparative analysis reveals essential attributes.
Comparing two numbers, this contrast from special to general can guide students to deepen their understanding of knowledge.
Practice has proved that the application of comparative method in teaching enables students to understand conceptual analysis problems unambiguously, and has correct and rigorous problem-solving ideas and judgment ability, which not only consolidates basic knowledge, but also improves problem-solving ability.
Therefore, the timely and appropriate use of comparative method in teaching can make all fragmentary knowledge string into lines and networks, thus constructing a complete knowledge structure. This contrast is also convenient for students to identify and consolidate the mathematical knowledge they have learned, and cultivate their ability to analyze problems and use knowledge flexibly to solve problems. It can improve students' thinking ability and profound purpose, make students learn easily, happily and solidly, thus effectively improving learning efficiency and playing an important role in improving teaching quality.