A little knowledge of RMB 1. The fifth set of RMB common sense

Take 100 yuan as an example:

First, facial features

The main color is red. Ticket width 155MM long and 77MM wide. On the front of the ticket, the main scene is the head of * * *, and on the left is the name of "People's Bank of China", with the number of * * * as "100" and the denomination of "100 yuan", with an oval flower pattern. The upper left corner of the ticket is the "national emblem" of People's Republic of China (PRC), and the lower right corner of the ticket is a Braille denomination mark, with even numbers printed on the front of the ticket. The main scene on the back of the ticket is the pattern of "Great Hall of the People", and the column pattern in the Great Hall of the People is on the left. On the upper right of the ticket face are the Chinese phonetic alphabet of "People's Bank of China" and the words "People's Bank of China" in Mongolian, Tibetan, Uygur and Zhuang languages and their denominations.

Second, the design features

The fifth set of RMB 65,438+000 coupons organically combines international advanced computer-aided design methods with Chinese traditional hand-drawing, which not only retains the design characteristics of Chinese traditional banknotes, but also has distinctive characteristics of the times. Characterized in that:

1, highlighting the "big three", that is, the big portrait, the big watermark and the big denomination number, which not only facilitates the identification of the masses, but also enhances the anti-counterfeiting function;

2. The traditional design with lace and flower ball as the frame is cancelled, and the whole ticket face is an open structure, which increases the anti-counterfeiting design space;

3. The design of the main scene on the back adopts the combination of combined landscape mode, focus perspective and scattered perspective, which embodies the cultural characteristics of China. The pattern lace design not only maintains the traditional style and characteristics of currency, but also has anti-counterfeiting function;

4. Simple face, clear lines and bright colors;

5. Machine-readable technology is added to facilitate the sequencing of modern machine tools.

Three. Anti-counterfeiting features (see figure)

1, fixed portrait watermark. Located in the left margin of the ticket face, the perspective shows that the watermark of the * * * avatar is the same as the portrait of the main scene, which has a strong three-dimensional effect;

2. Red and blue fibers. You can see red and blue fibers on the face paper;

3, magnetic microform safety line. When the safety line in banknote paper is exposed to light, the tiny words "RMB 100" can be seen, and the instrument detection is magnetic;

4. Carve the head by hand. The head portrait on the front of the ticket face is hand-carved intaglio printing process, which is vivid, concave and convex and easy to identify;

5. Invisible denomination figures. There is an oval pattern on the top right of the front of the banknote. Put the banknote near the eyes and rotate it horizontally for 45 degrees or 90 degrees facing the light source, and you can see the words "100".

6. Offset microfilm. In the oval pattern above the front of the ticket face, offset fine print is printed in many places, and the words "RMB" and "RMB 100" can be seen under the magnifying glass;

7. Lightly change the ink denomination number. The words "100" in the lower left corner of the front face of the ticket face are green at a vertical angle to the ticket face and blue at a certain angle;

8. Yin and Yang complement each other to print patterns. There are circular local patterns on the lower left of the front and the lower right of the back of the ticket. Observing under the light, the front and back patterns are recombined to form a complete ancient coin pattern.

9. Gravure printing. The front of the ticket, the name of the People's Bank of China, the Braille on the back, and the Great Hall of the People are all engraved intaglio printing, and the fingers feel obviously concave and convex;

10, even number. The face of the ticket is printed with double numbers (both two crowns and eight numbers). The horizontal numbers are black and the vertical numbers are blue.

2. Knowledge about coins

Coin knowledge: coinage: refers to the metal currency cast into a certain size and shape, with a certain weight and denomination value, as a legal means of circulation. In ancient times, copper was the main material for coinage, and later gold and silver coins appeared one after another.

In China, although gold and silver coins appeared earlier, they only joined the commodity circulation field in modern times. Cloth coins: the general term for shovel-shaped coins such as empty cloth and plain cloth used in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

Knife coins: the general name of various knife-shaped coins such as needle knives, pointed knives, open knives, neat knives and round-headed knives cast in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Round note: the general term for round notes, including round-hole round notes and square-hole round notes, generally referring to the latter.

Blank cloth: coins cast during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, including flat-shouldered arc-footed empty cloth, oblique-shouldered arc-footed empty cloth and shrugging pointed-footed empty cloth. Shouping cloth: coins made during the Warring States period, including cloth, special-shaped cloth, main foot cloth, pointed foot cloth, round foot and so on. Mainly distributed in Sanjin and Yan areas.

Two-baht currency: refers to the currency that used baht and two as the unit of weight and money as the name before the Sui Dynasty in China, such as half-baht and five-baht. Five points: It was cast in the sixth year after the Western Han Dynasty, belonging to a kind of half-two points.

Three cents: the currency issued by Emperor Jianyuan in the fifth year of the Western Han Dynasty, which is a kind of half two cents. Billboard: Old money from Sun Wu in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the size is parallel. Huge sums of money are called "billboards" and are described as big as wheels.

Four chapters: that is, one coin is four small coins, which generally refers to the money of the right size used by Sun Wu's old coins in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Small flat money: a penny is worth a penny, also known as flat money and small money. It is generally about 2.4 cm in diameter and weighs about 3.5 grams.

Fold two yuan: The coins used in Wen Er are generally about 2.8 cm in diameter and weigh about 7 grams. San Qian: Generally speaking, the diameter of prose money is about 3. 1 cm.

It weighs about10g. "By analogy" banknotes: the general term for large denomination currencies and large-scale currencies. In the Six Dynasties, five baht of standard size was called a big bill. The name of the basic unit of a coin. A small flat coin is called a penny.

Penetration: 1000 thorium is penetration, and the square bar inserted in the money hole at the money casting place is also called penetration sample: it refers to money with a diameter smaller than that of the same type of money. Details: refers to those whose money diameter is greater than the same type.

Heads: The heads of coins. Front text: The text on the front of a coin.

Back: The back of a coin, also called a curtain. Postscript: Qian Bei, also known as goodness, is called square penetration and square hole, and round penetration and round hole.

Wide wear: refers to the money hole. Narrow penetration: refers to those with smaller money holes.

Neiguo: refers to this prominent part around Qian's cave, also known as Haoguo. Guangguo: refers to wide inside and narrow outside: refers to narrow inside.

Heavy Guo: refers to double inner Guo. Resolution: refers to one angle or several angles of the square hole of the money body.

Four decisions: refers to the four corners of the square hole of the money body, also known as four decisions. Su Jiao: It is a special four-part, and the four corners of the square hole are small in origin.

Four sentences: refers to the four corners of the square hole on the money body, which extends to the outside, also known as four sentences and four roads. Waiguo: refers to the prominent part of the periphery of the money body, also known as the outer edge, outer wheel, meat Guo and border Guo.

Wide edge: wider outside, also known as wide wheel, wide edge and narrow edge; The outer part is narrow, also called narrow wheel and narrow edge. Heavy ship: refers to two people who have taken foreign countries.

Amount wheel: refers to foreign high, domestic low, more common in Wang Mang money. Trim: refers to the outward oblique cutting of the exoskeleton, opposite to the frontal wheel.

Edge money: refers to the money that grinds off the edge of foreign fruit. Meat: refers to the part of a coin without words and patterns between the inside and outside. Thick meat is called thick meat and thin meat is called lean meat.

Sun: It refers to the raised circle on the back of money, also known as the Japanese moon; it refers to the raised arc on the back of money, also known as the moon, Wen Jia and moon mark. The arc is called YueYang and Yan Yuexing; Refers to the circular dot raised on the back of a coin, also known as Xingwen. Round star: refers to the concave circle on the back of money.

Pregnant star: refers to the star rising on the back of the moon. Naked back: refers to money without words, also known as plain back, bare back and plain curtain.

Reverse folding: refers to the misuse of two dollars. Both sides have money.

Face to face: refers to the misuse of two dollars, and both sides are backed by money. Direct reading: Qian Wen is arranged in the order of up, down, left and right, which is also called direct reading and reverse reading.

Rotating reading: Qian Wen is arranged in the order of up, down, left and right, which is also called circular reading. Left reading: refers to Qian Wen reading from left to right.

Chuanxing: It refers to the currency made by the engraved model of the Chinese characters. Qian Wen is a reflexive form, which was found in the pre-Qin to Six Dynasties. Leaving Guo means staying away from the inner Guo, and connecting Guo means connecting with the inner Guo.

Interval: means far away from the outer Guo and unconnected. Wheel connection: refers to the connection between Qian Wen and foreign countries.

Deep personality: It means that Qian Wen is particularly deep and steep. Steganography: refers to Qian Wen with different heights and thicknesses.

Party: It means that all the leaders in Qian Wen are at home, which is also called a party. Hezu: refers to Qian Wen's first foreign country.

Reduplication: refers to the repeated appearance of money, also known as shaking your head, because there are repeated marks on Fan. Pit: refers to the newly unearthed coins with serious surface oxidation.

Laoshengkeng: It is pointed out that the ancient copper coins and rust are covered by the handed down colors. Cooked pit: refers to ancient money handed down from ancient times without burial.

Handed down from ancient times: refers to the color of the surface of coins that have not been buried by the world, usually brown and shiny, also known as black lacquer antique. Patina: refers to the color of copper coins handed down from generation to generation. Besides black, there are brown, crimson, orange and other colors.

Mercury ancient: the silvery white oxide layer on the surface of unearthed ancient coins, also known as mercury rust and mercury ooze. Carved mother: a coin model carved from copper, tin, lead, teeth, bone, wood and other materials, also known as ancestral money.

Mother money: money used as a model in casting, usually cast directly by a carved mother. Iron mother: refers to the mother money for casting iron money, that is, copper itself.

Iron model copper: copper coins cast with iron models. Sample money: sample money for trial casting and initial casting. Sample currency issued by the Ministry: the sample currency issued by the central government and the Ministry of Industry as a standard by the provinces, which can also be called mother currency.

Sample of money submitted for trial: sample of money submitted for trial by local authorities. Cut and chisel money: the general term for cutting and delaying money, that is, cut a round money into two parts.

Trim money: money cut from the outer ring. Also known as paper cake money: the common name of Wang Mang's thick goods spring.

Later, in the Northern Song Dynasty, the wide and thick Xianping was also called cake money. Coin matching: refers to the symmetrical money in Qian Wen. In Qian Wen, the wheels, sizes, thicknesses and copper coins are the same, but different characters are used, but the fonts and strokes are still consistent with each other, which is also called Hehe money.

It began in the Southern Tang Dynasty and flourished in the Song Dynasty. Formula Female Money: Five baht money without foreign currency, also called female money, was minted in Liang Wudi in the Southern Dynasties.

Male money: Wang Mang's common name for Buquan. Red coins: copper coins cast in Xinjiang in the Qing Dynasty, named after Red Copper Yue.

Coin-making: coins minted by dynasties in feudal times. Currency in use: the currency that is the official currency.

Fear of winning money: it is a kind of non-use money, which is often used for auspicious celebrations, festivals, sacrifices and hanging.

3. What common sense do you need to know about collecting RMB?

First of all, a complete collection is valuable.

For some RMB, leaflets are of little value, only a complete collection is valuable. For example, the first, second and third sets of RMB issued in the early days are very valuable, even worth millions, but if you only have one set of RMB, one or two sets are obviously not enough, and you have to collect them all. A set of RMB is worth 654.38+00,000, but a RMB may only be worth several thousand.

The commemorative coins for the Year of the Monkey issued at the end of last year caused a frenzy in the investment market. In fact, there is not much room for appreciation of a single zodiac commemorative coin, and it can only be collected when it is full.

Second, the residual currency is worthless.

Whether collecting banknotes or coins, we should try our best to ensure the integrity of the currency, and the newer the appearance, the better. Never think that the older you get, the more valuable you are. When we say old, we mean its release year, not its appearance. If your collection of banknotes is missing a dime or very worn, its value will be greatly reduced. For example, the fourth set of RMB 100 issued in 1980, a brand-new set may be worth several thousand yuan, but if it is worn out, it may only be worth more than RMB 100.

4. Common sense of ancient coins

China currency originated in Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties and was unified in Qin Dynasty. By using natural tools (seashells, stone shells), there were metal coins about three thousand years ago. Before the Warring States period, imitation coins were used for a long time, such as imitation tools (metal casting tools) and imitation farm tools (empty cloth). ) and imitation knife cutting coins (all kinds of knife cutting coins). From the Qin and Han Dynasties to the Sui Dynasty, China coins gradually changed from imitation to unification, thus creating another currency period named after weight names such as Banliang and Wuzhu. From the fourth year of Wude in Tang Gaozu to the end of Qing Dynasty, * * * counted as 129 1 year, money was no longer named by weight, but was renamed as the title of emperors of past dynasties. Beijing Jiaozi is the earliest paper money in the world. Beijing, Jin, Yuan and Lang were used in Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the Qing dynasty, copper coins and silver coins began to circulate.

The monetary system of feudal society in China in past dynasties was very complicated, and the currencies circulating at the same time in past dynasties varied from time to time and from place to place due to the change of political situation. Coins can be divided into big money, small money, official speculation, private casting, and Xiaoping (that is, when a penny), when two, when three, when five, when ten, until when five thousand. It is also a small flat money, which is divided into big, big, small and small. There are also different situations such as back cover, cover, trimming, edging, text matching, reading, rotating reading and rewriting. According to the nature of money, there are many kinds of money, such as valuing money, bidding money, keeping money, saving money, playing money, temple money, withdrawing money, arhat money, matching money, choosing money, ancestor money and so on. The size, casting location, official casting and private casting, Qian Wen font, shape and nature of ancient coins are all different, and their values vary greatly, ranging from several times or even dozens to hundreds of times. For example, in Jin Dynasty, the small money of Taihe Bao Tong was priced at 4,500 yuan, and the second type of Taihe Bao Tong was priced at 2,000 yuan. Another example is the Ming Dynasty Yongle Bao Tong penny pricing 6 yuan, the third Yongle Bao Tong is an orphan, pricing 80,000 yuan. Bao Tong in Kaiyuan, Huichang, Tang Dynasty was marked with "Jing" and "Yong" at a price of 65,438+0,000 yuan. Xianfeng Bao Tong ordinary small flat money is only marked with 2 yuan money, while the price of iron mother is 2500 yuan, and the price of carved mother is 8000 yuan.

5. How to teach children RMB knowledge?

Honey, I want to know how old your child is. My daughter is in the first grade of primary school, and she knows RMB in the second book of mathematics. If you show her money, she knows everything, but the conversion between yuan, jiao and fen is not flexible, hehe.

I suggest that when shopping at ordinary times, let the children pay and the adults watch. Over time, you should be able to understand the face value. However, how much to pay for a commodity, how much to pay and how much to take may require our parents to practice with their children in daily life, and they can also play some related games with their children.

Children are still young, and they will naturally come into contact after a long time. Maybe as parents, we can't rush it. Educating children is actually another growth for us. Hehe, grow up together. I wish you a happy life.

6. Have little knowledge of collecting money

In ancient times, the front of money was called face, which was generally cast with characters, called face writing or Qian Wen.

The vertical lines on the surface are called vertical lines and the horizontal lines are called horizontal lines. The back of money is called back for short, and there is a word on the back called back. If there are neither words nor patterns, it is called a bare back, and generally a money back is called a curtain.

The square hole or round hole of money can be called through, and it can also be called a good letter. A big hole is called a wide hole, and a small hole is called a narrow hole.

Money worn outside is called meat. The outer edge of the meat is called the edge, or side; The inner edge forming the boundary is called the inner profile, or the good profile or the functional profile; Thin inner contour is called thin contour, and very thin contour is called thin contour.

Before the Han dynasty, the back of a round coin had no inner and outer profiles, so we called it a flat back. From the time when Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty minted five baht coins, coins had inner and outer profiles. Double profiles are called heavy wheels or heavy profiles; Double section is called heavy hole or re-penetration.

If the inner contour is lower than the outer contour, we will become a shadow contour. Qian Wen is words cast on banknotes.

Qian Wen's reading from the top, right, bottom and left directions is called back reading or rotating reading, while Qian Wen's reading from top to bottom and right to left is called direct reading or sequential reading. Qian Wen's calligraphy styles include seal script, official script, original script, cursive script, running script, Shoujin style and Song style. Even with the same font, the techniques are varied.

Shape is the casting technology, material and modeling structure of ancient money. Coins in each era have their own characteristics, and it is necessary to stipulate the differences between coins in previous dynasties.

For example, some square-hole round coins have profiles, while others have no profiles; Some have large perforations and some have small perforations; Qian Wen has some direct reading and some rotating reading. Therefore, the coins of each era have formed their own unique style, and this method is also very scientific in identifying the authenticity of ancient coins.

In order to make Qian Wen not easy to wear, Xiangqi's knife cloth casts the outline of the coin very high, and there is a high point in the back middle. Without these characteristics, it should be judged as a fake. Even the knife coins in the same currency system have changed because of the time sequence.

This requires coin lovers to memorize the characters and characteristics of the times that often appear in Qian Wen, so as not to be taken in by counterfeit money.

7. Little knowledge about coin collection

Collection is a kind of culture and a kind of liking. No matter what you buy, as long as you like it, it has collection value. The main value of coin collection for us is shown in the following aspects: cultural relics and appreciation value, potential investment value, currency is a historical witness of a country's economic development, and it is also a small art. The collection value is self-evident, and RMB is the crystallization of art and value. Small ticket patterns contain rich cultural connotations and potential knowledge of humanities, history, geography, nationality and aesthetics. In this sense, collecting coins is also the absorption and learning of knowledge. As far as the three sets of RMB are concerned, they reflect the great achievements of the new China, the elegant demeanor of workers, peasants, soldiers, businessmen, students, soldiers and other industries with distinctive characteristics of the times, the vastness of the great motherland Wan Li, and the colorful ethnic customs of China, a multi-ethnic country ... Look at the majestic charm of the first Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge across the Yangtze River in China shown in the front of the 20-corner coupon. 195710/5 The Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge was successfully opened to traffic, and it was heroically announced to the world that the Yangtze River, with its rapid water depth, has become a thoroughfare from now on, with a broad picture prospect, and ships whistling on the river cut waves and sailed ahead; On the back of the 1 yuan coupon, we can see a vivid picture of the hard-working and brave Mongolian people's grazing life in Li Qian prairie, Inner Mongolia. Under the blue sky and white clouds, thousands of little sheep are happily eating tender grass; A careful look at the pattern on the back of the 5 yuan coupon is a production scene of boiling mine in full swing, and the train carrying coal roared; The main scene of oil production in Li Qian Gobi Oilfield, Yumen, Gansu Province, the production base of China petroleum industry, is presented on the color map on the back of 2 yuan voucher; Seven kinds of coupons, seven pictures, each with its own characteristics and eye-catching. These patterns are vivid, vivid, vivid, and integrate people, machinery and labor scenes into one picture. The thumbnail shows a profound, exquisite and vivid flavor of the times, and with exquisite printing effect, it condenses the life and historical process of the times, and truly records the social, political, economic construction and people's life of that era, which integrates historical materials, artistry, appreciation and knowledge, and has research value and appreciation value that cannot be underestimated. Looking at these paper money reminds people of the past years and gives people artistic aesthetic enjoyment. Arouse people's strong desire to collect.

The specific high-value varieties in each set of RMB shall belong to the following varieties:

The first set of RMB:

195 1 edition 1 10,000 yuan "Trojan map" coupon (600,000 yuan), 500 yuan "Zhandecheng" coupon (300,000 yuan) and 5,000 yuan "Mongolian yurt" coupon (200,000 yuan);

The second set of RMB:

1953 version of three yuan coupons (7000 yuan), five yuan coupons (6000 yuan), ten yuan coupons (65000 yuan);

The third set of RMB:

1960 dime coupon (1 100 yuan), 1962 dime coupon (9000 yuan) and 1962 dime coupon (600 yuan);

The fourth set of RMB:

1980 50 yuan coupon (125 yuan) and 100 yuan coupon (120 yuan);