I believe many parents share this parent's worries and anxieties. There is no denying that it is too difficult for children to study now, and they are under great academic pressure, pressure to enter higher schools and great competitiveness. Even if you squeeze into the school gate, you have to pay expensive school selection fees, sponsorship fees and so on. However, we are all ordinary people, and we can't change the current schoolwork and the pressure of entering a higher school. The only thing we can do is to try our best to give our children a happy childhood and not delay their studies. After all, what's the point of 100 if you don't even have a childhood?
Mathematics is a subject to develop thinking, and it is also the basis of learning technology, such as physics, chemistry, machinery, computer, photoelectric technology and so on. If you can't learn math well, these things will be difficult to learn. Therefore, we must learn math well. Many parents complain that their children have poor mathematical thinking, slow grades and slow counting, which is very distressing. The author thinks that mathematical thinking should be a kind of thinking cultivated from childhood, and the cultivation of mathematical thinking and learning interest should start from early childhood. Children will have a "sensitive period of mathematics" when they are about 4 years old, and they will suddenly have great interest in mathematical concepts, such as numbers, numbers, quantitative relations, permutation, number operations, physical characteristics and so on. And they will have a strong thirst for knowledge about their own changes, which marks the arrival of children's sensitive period of mathematics.
However, many parents believe that children should begin to instill knowledge about arithmetic in their children during the sensitive period of mathematics. In fact, the main contents of children's mathematics should include: helping children understand the concept of numbers, knowing simple geometric shapes, learning the space-time relationship of things, and having some simple mathematical operation skills (such as natural measurement). These aspects are very important and indispensable, and at the same time develop children's logical thinking.
For the sensitive period of mathematics, parents should start to cultivate children's mathematical thinking from the following aspects.
1, use mathematics in life to stimulate children's intrinsic learning motivation.
Children's intrinsic learning motivation comes from their interests and needs. Therefore, if children are interested in something, or have doubts, we should guide them to learn actively, consciously create problem scenarios, and guide them to think, guess, discuss and practice, thus stimulating their inner learning motivation, making them feel the importance and interest of learning from each other, and making them more active in mathematics learning.
2. Grasp the sensitive period of mathematics and develop mathematical thinking step by step.
The human learning process is from simple to complex, from concrete to abstract; Therefore, in the face of the purely abstract concept of "mathematics", the only way to make children feel relaxed is to start with concrete and simple objects. Through sensory training, children can learn from the actual experience of "quantity" to the abstract understanding of "number" From less to more, enter the calculation of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, and gradually cultivate children's mathematical mind and analytical and integrated logical concepts. Let children know how many and how many objects, how big and how small, naturally associate with the relationship between concrete and abstract.
3. Choose the operation materials skillfully, guide children to operate and develop mathematical thinking.
Mathematical thinking is produced by interaction with matter in activities. Therefore, in family mathematics activities, the enthusiasm of children's thinking should be considered when selecting materials to prevent arithmetic activities from becoming a mere formality. Parents can provide diversified, multi-level and multi-functional activity materials for children to choose freely, and ensure the time for children to actively operate and explore. Inspired by parents, let children operate with problems and learn and explore at their own level. This not only improves children's ability, but also gives full play to their subjectivity.
Such as sorting, give the child three long sticks of different lengths and let him line up. Observe that children may line up horizontally or vertically. Don't be too busy correcting him yet. Because children have the ability to compare and judge the order of long sticks, they just don't know how to arrange them correctly. Parents can constantly try different arrangement methods with their children to help guide them to get the correct sorting form, such as sorting by length and sorting by height. When the child has mastered the above rankings, you can also give him two more long sticks to rearrange them. On the basis of children's existing sorting experience, help children sort out the method of aligning one end with the comparison length and the method of comparing the height with the horizon as the standard line, so that children can gain perceptual experience about sorting.
If children are asked to "classify" graphics, parents should first show two graphics with different colors and the same shape and two graphics with the same color and different shapes, and let children compare them to help them understand the meaning of "the same" and find out the different characteristics of these graphics. On this basis, parents give their children a set of graphics to guide them to classify independently from different angles such as shape, color and size. In this way, children can gain perceptual experience about classification through their own operations and promote the development of mathematical thinking.
These operating materials are realized through children's various senses, which not only improve children's various senses, but also correspondingly improve children's interest and understanding of mathematics, and at the same time develop children's mathematical thinking in activities.
Of course, if your child has missed the sensitive period of mathematics, basic learning in primary school is also very important. Some parents will think that the math knowledge learned in primary school is very simple, and children's math scores are not good, so don't worry. It's not too late to make up lessons when they are in grade one. In fact, such an idea will only further affect children's grades in the end. Primary school mathematics is the development of the most basic mathematical thinking, and it is also the basis of learning physics, chemistry, functions and other knowledge in junior high school. If the elementary school mathematics foundation is not solid enough, it will be more difficult to study science in the future. Then, under the competition of learning in modern society, children will lose their confidence in learning even more. Therefore, as parents and teachers, we should pay close attention to children's learning situation at this stage and help them develop good study habits and autonomous learning ability.
First of all, we must recognize children, accompany them and encourage them; About 65,438+00% students in each class find it difficult to learn math. Their grades are not good and they don't understand in class. When communicating with parents, teachers often complain that children don't like learning, they can't complete their learning tasks (homework), their learning foundation is poor, and their attention is not concentrated. But these complaints are all about putting the blame on the children, thinking that children who don't study well don't study hard and don't listen carefully. But the actual teaching situation is that there are also students with poor mathematics. What is the reason? Every child's intellectual structure is different, and some children's abstract thinking ability is inherently weak, which is the same as some children's poor coordination of natural movements. As teachers and parents, these children should be allowed to learn slower than most children and help them feel successful and happy in mathematics. It is a good way to design a connection suitable for these children so that they can make continuous progress in completing special exercises. Instead of complaining that children don't study hard, it's better to spend 30 minutes with their children to finish their math homework every day, affirm their every little progress, and tell them, "You did the right thing on this topic, which is great, but it's very difficult."
Secondly, cultivate good study habits; In the process of learning, children must be guided to listen more, remember more, watch more, do more, ask more, do more, review more and summarize more.
By taking class notes, you can concentrate your attention in class and guide your children to take useful class notes, which will not only keep your attention in class, but also help you review in the future. It is also important to remember the structure, concepts and formulas of important questions. Memorizing and understanding the structure of important questions can greatly reduce the situation that children lose points because they are not proficient in key questions in the examination process, and can also help children further consolidate their knowledge points, and the memory of concepts and formulas is the basis for solving problems. Asking more questions and being good at asking questions is a further accomplishment of knowledge points. Some children are afraid to ask questions in the process of learning, or even dare not ask questions. Parents and teachers should encourage their children to ask questions and make affirmation and recognition after the children ask questions. Don't give them "How can you ask such a simple question?" This expression or feeling. Of course, full preview+after-class exercise+review is the only way to consolidate knowledge.
Finally, it is also a good way to train children to establish their own error records. Guide children to register their mistakes in the wrong book, list the correct solutions, summarize the causes of their mistakes, review regularly, and check regularly. Establishing the wrong question is a tedious and boring process. In this process, many children give up halfway because of boredom and triviality, so parents and teachers should check regularly, and it is best to make this wrong record with their children.