Modern teaching theory points out that teaching is the unity of teachers' teaching and students' learning, and the essence of this unity is the interaction between teachers and students, that is, the exchange and development between teachers and students. Kong Ziyun: Teaching and learning learn from each other. Without the interaction between teachers and students, it is difficult to talk about the mutual promotion and development of teaching and learning. If we overemphasize the leading role of teachers in teaching and ignore the interaction between teachers and students in teaching, it will inevitably limit students' subjective initiative and creativity and inhibit the development of students' personality. Therefore, under the background of the first curriculum reform, how to create a good teaching atmosphere of teacher-student interaction is particularly important. I think we can start from the following four aspects:

First, create a harmonious psychological environment.

Man is an animal with knowledge and unity. Psychological research shows that emotions have a great dynamic influence on people's behavior directly. He said, "Without human feelings, there will never be. There can be no pursuit of truth. " Therefore, we must attach importance to the role of emotional factors in teaching, stimulate interest from emotion, induce thinking from emotion, and create a harmonious psychological environment.

In daily study and life, we should fully understand students, be good at understanding their psychological state, words and deeds, approach students, enter their hearts, form a good teacher-student relationship with students, and make students willing to accept themselves. We should find the bright spots of students at ordinary times, seize every opportunity at any time, try our best to cultivate students' self-confidence in learning, and instill the idea of "I can do it" and "Don't give up easily". When students are found to have an urgent desire for success, they should strive to create conditions for their success and let them often experience the joy of success. Even when criticizing students, let them know that the teacher is helping them. If they think they are deadwood, even rude remarks hurt students' self-esteem and make them rebellious, then nothing can arouse students' emotions.

We should also find the best way to communicate with students according to the teacher's own personality characteristics, hobbies and specialties.

The choice of teaching methods should conform to students' psychology. Now the outside world is wonderful, and our Chinese classroom teaching is too helpless. Sometimes students' weariness of learning seriously affects our teachers' mood. They often feel that teaching is boring. The phenomenon of "three weariness of learning" (that is, students are tired of learning, teachers are tired of teaching and parents are tired of management) will become more and more serious. Should we reflect on this phenomenon, especially on our own teaching methods and means? If possible, prepare more plans, pay attention to students' interest psychology and choose at random. The teaching methods used in the classroom often change. Because of its freshness, it can keep students' attention and interest in teaching content.

Second, create a relaxed and happy classroom atmosphere

Rogers, a humanistic psychologist, believes that all people have excellent potential and the nature of growth and development. As long as conditions permit, they can develop into people with sound personality and creativity, create a relaxed and happy classroom atmosphere for students, allow students to boldly express their mature or immature views in the classroom, let students gradually mature in the debate, form the ability to judge problems and problems, let students naturally reveal their nature of growth and development, and actively play their potential.

I remember the last time an open class was held in Tianlin No.2 Middle School, and the students had a heated debate about how to treat the image of the elderly in the bridge. At that time, I didn't make my attitude clear, but just pointed out the problem of Halwei Captain's personality strength. The students were still arguing about the problem until the class was over. At that time, I felt very excited, because I achieved the purpose of discussion, ignited the spark of students' wisdom and stimulated their thinking. The formation of outlook on life and values does not happen overnight, let alone in a class. It has a development process, and the purpose of studying in class is to arouse students' thinking and how to treat people and things around them. Human nature is complicated, and we can't simply draw a conclusion that he is a good person or a bad person. Usually in classroom teaching, I always let students discuss and debate, allow students to make different voices, and cultivate students' thinking ability and language expression ability in the process of debate.

Third, the creation of teaching situations

People's emotions always arise under certain circumstances. In teaching, we should pay attention to creating the situation corresponding to the teaching content, creating and rendering the atmosphere, shortening the time and space distance between the teaching content and students, and making students feel immersive. There are many forms of teaching situations, such as:

1, intuitive situation; For example, when teacher Qian Menglong, who is very familiar with everyone, teaches the expository article "The Dead Sea Will Never Die", he first guides students to do a small experiment, so that students can experience the pleasure of "discovering the truth" in this intuitive teaching situation. This intuitive situation not only trains students' observation ability, but also trains students' reasoning ability. What is particularly valuable is to stimulate students' curiosity and let them experience the happiness of discovery and success. For example, we usually draw pictures and slides according to the teaching materials; When I was teaching the text "Carving a Boat for a Sword", I asked students to draw four pictures into slides, which shortened the time for students to perceive and understand the text. There are many more.

2. Problem situation

Einstein said, "It is more important to ask questions than to solve them". Students' thinking activities are often carried out in the process of finding problems, attracting attention and solving problems. Teachers are good at designing enlightening questions according to the teaching content and students' existing knowledge level, stimulating the sparks of students' thinking and making students' thinking interlocking and rising layer by layer.

The operating principles to be followed in classroom questioning mainly include: ① the principle of realizing teaching objectives, that is, asking questions around teaching objectives, not asking questions blindly and randomly, and not asking "full-page questions" and "full-room questions". (2) According to the principle of students' knowledge level, questions should not be too broad, too deep and too difficult, but should proceed from students' reality and ask ideas so that students can "jump and reach" like picking peaches. (3) The principle of inspiring students' introspection, inspiring students to consciously study, consciously answer and solve problems by themselves, so asking questions must have certain thinking value. (4) embody the principle of teaching procedure. The teacher guides the students to learn step by step by asking questions. ⑤ The principle of showing teachers' skills, the design of questions is the embodiment of teaching art, and the appropriateness of questions shows the level of teachers' teaching ability.

3. Reasoning situation

Make full use of teaching materials to create reasoning situations, guide students to carry out reasoning training, and let students feel the logical power contained in them. For example, when I was in Uncle Yule, I designed such a reasoning situation: What is the ending of Yule? Let students carry out creative reasoning, as long as it is "reasonable" and "in line with the character", and carry out creative learning in such reasoning situations.

4. Imagine this situation

Guide students to recreate their imagination according to the environment, plot and characters. According to the described environment, people living in it are similar. We can also imagine the characters through dialogue and their psychological activities through their language. We can use teaching materials to create imaginary scenes and cultivate students' imagination.

Developing students' creative imagination based on teaching materials. On the basis of understanding the textbook, in order to inspire students' imagination, we often go one step further, guide students to continue writing, start writing, insert narratives and supplement narratives, and expand students' creative imagination.

5. Language situation

In teaching, teachers always use their own oral language, blackboard language and body language to convey all kinds of information to students; Therefore, teachers should be energetic, enthusiastic, infectious and intimate, full of persuasion and trust, concise in language expression, lively and interesting, easy to understand, humorous and witty, and can also use poems, proverbs, metaphors and jokes to enliven the classroom atmosphere and stimulate interest.

When students' interest in learning is stimulated, their aesthetic needs are met and their emotional experience is sublimated, it is the best teaching realm we want to pursue.

Fourth, timely and appropriate incentive evaluation.

I am always amazed at the wisdom of students in Chinese class. Some of the questions they asked were unexpected when I was preparing lessons. They often have their own unique opinions on some issues, and students often regard teachers as the most important reference. A teacher's eyes and a nod will have a great influence on students. Therefore, teachers should give appropriate evaluation, more acceptance and encouragement to students who actively express their opinions, so as to protect and stimulate students' enthusiasm for exploration and cultivate their enthusiasm.