Genghis Khan: (1 162- 1227) Temujin was an ancient Mongolian strategist and politician. Born into a noble family in Borzijit Banner, Mongolia. 1at the end of the 2nd century1at the beginning of the 3rd century, the ministries of Mongolia were unified. 1206 was promoted to Khan, honored as Genghis Khan, and a Mongolian khanate was established. 1227 died in Qingshui county palace under Liupanshan mountain in Gansu province. After the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty, it was posthumously named Yuan Taizu. Songzan Gambu: (6 17-650) is a famous ruler in Tibetan history. When he was in office, he created words, enacted laws, established an official system, and established a Tibetan slavery regime. In 64 1 year, she married Princess Wencheng of the Tang Dynasty, which was closely related to the Tang Dynasty. Under his influence, some advanced production technologies from the mainland were introduced into Tibet, which promoted economic and cultural exchanges and the development of friendly relations between China and Tibet. Aisingiorro Michelle Ye: (1654- 1722), a saint of the Qing dynasty, was a relatively successful emperor of the Qing dynasty. In office 16 1- 1722, year number Kangxi. When he was in office, he sent people to compile Ming history, Kangxi dictionary and complete works of Tang poetry. A national land survey was conducted and the "Full Map of the Forbidden City" was completed. Ying Zheng: (259 BC-2 BC10) namely Qin Shihuang, Qin Zhuang Xiang Wang. During the Warring States Period, the monarch of the State of Qin and the founder of the Qin Dynasty reigned from 246 BC to 2 10 BC. He suppressed the Lao Wa rebellion, launched a unified war, wiped out six countries, and established the first unified centralized country in China history. Li Shimin: (599-649) The second son of Emperor Taizong and Li Yuan. Ruled from 626 to 649. After sealing the king of Qin, he launched the "Xuanwumen Change" and succeeded to the throne. During his reign, he implemented the system of land equalization, rent equalization and military system, strengthened the assessment of local officials and developed the imperial examination system. He took "the death of the Sui Dynasty as a warning" and was good at benevolence and remonstrance. At that time, social and economic recovery was praised by historians as "the rule of Zhenguan". Zhu Yuanzhang: (1328- 1398) was born in Ming Taizu and Haozhou Seed Paste (now Fengyang Cave, Anhui Province). Founder of Ming Dynasty, reigned 1368- 1398. He immigrated to reclaim land, paid taxes on average, built water conservancy and cultivated land; At the same time, restrain tyrannical and greedy officials and reduce the slavery of rival industrialists; Formulate the Daming Law, abolish the post of prime minister, strengthen centralization, and make the social economy recover and develop rapidly in the early Ming Dynasty. Confucius: (55 BC1-479) At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Lu was born in Qufu, Shandong Province. He is the founder of Confucianism, a famous thinker, politician and educator. Editing and sorting out the literature such as Poem, Book, Book of Changes and Book of Rites, and deleting Chunqiu. Mencius: (372- 289 BC) Monk, a native of Zouxian County, Shandong Province, was a famous thinker, educator and politician during the Warring States Period. Mencius' first secretary described his thoughts and major political activities. Mencius is regarded as the successor of Confucius' theory and known as "the sage of Asia". Laozi: a famous philosopher and thinker in the Spring and Autumn Period and the founder of the Taoist school. Life and death are unknown. Most researchers believe that he is Li Er, commonly known as Lao Dan. Zhuangzi: (about 369- 286 BC) Zhuang Zhou, born in Song Dynasty (now Shangqiu County, Henan Province), was an idealist philosopher in the Warring States Period and a representative of the Taoist school. He inherited and developed Laozi's thoughts, but the difference is that he transformed objective idealism into subjective idealism. Lao Zi and Zhuangzi are collectively called "Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi". Xunzi: (3 13- 238 BC) Xun Kuang, a native of Zhao, was a materialist thinker and educator in the Warring States period. He is the author of Xunzi. Mozi: (468 BC-376 BC) According to legend, he was a Song man who lived in Lu for a long time. He was a famous thinker and politician in the early Warring States period, the main opposition of Confucianism and the founder of Mohism. Han Fei: (about 280- 233 BC) was born into a noble family in North Korea. At the end of the Warring States period, a thinker and legalist master wrote Han Feizi. Wang Anshi: (102 1- 1086) was born in Linchuan, Fuzhou (now Linchuan, Jiangxi). Thinker, politician, writer and famous reformer in Northern Song Dynasty. Cao Cao: Meng De (155-220), namely Wei Wudi, was an outstanding politician, strategist and poet in the Three Kingdoms period. Cao Cao is good at using troops, and has studied Sun Tzu's Art of War, and elaborated it according to his own practical experience, including the bamboo slips of Sun Tzu's Art of War and the Art of War. He is also good at poetry and has made great contributions to the development of literature. Liu Bang: (256 BC-65438 BC+095 BC) was born in Pei County (now Jiangsu Province). Founder of the Han Dynasty, who ruled from 202 BC to 195 BC. He used to be the curator of Surabaya Pavilion. In the first 209 years, in response to the Chen Sheng Uprising, he was the main force against Qin with Xiang Yu. In the first 206 years, he overthrew the rule of the Qin Dynasty and was named Hanwang by Xiang Yu. In the first 202 years, he defeated Xiang Yu and established the Han Dynasty. Wang Chong: (27- about 97) was born in Shangyu (present-day Zhejiang). A materialist philosopher in the Eastern Han Dynasty, he was born as a "little orphan" and worked as a small official several times. Later, he was cut off from the road and wrote at home. Wang Chong wrote Lun Heng, a book with 85 articles and more than 200,000 words, which is a very important work in the history of ancient philosophy in China. Sun Wu: During the Spring and Autumn Period, Qi was a famous strategist. He summed up his predecessors' and his own combat experience and wrote Sun Tzu's Art of War. According to historical records, Sun Wu's The Art of War originally had 82 articles, but unfortunately most of them have been lost, with only 13 articles left. Sun Tzu's Art of War has long transcended national boundaries and has been valued and studied by foreign military strategists and philosophers. Sun Bin: A descendant of Sun Wu, a native of Qi Guo 'a (now northeast of Yanggu, Shandong Province), was a strategist during the Warring States Period. Author of Sun Bin's Art of War. This book has been lost for a long time. In recent years, it has been found in the unearthed Han tombs, which has caused a sensation in academic circles at home and abroad. From these newly discovered materials, we can see that Sun Bin is indeed an outstanding strategist. He inherited Sun Wu's thoughts and made many innovations and developments. Li Zhi: (1527- 1602) Zhuo Wu, a native of Jinjiang, Quanzhou (now Fujian). Progressive thinker in late Ming Dynasty. He is the author of Li Burning Books, Continued Burning Books, Collection of Books and Continued Collection of Books. He advocates equality between men and women and opposes the superiority of men over women. The rulers of the Ming Dynasty regarded his remarks as "confusing the audience and slandering the people". At the age of 76, he was arrested, imprisoned and persecuted to death. Su Shi (1037 ~111), a famous writer, calligrapher, essayist and poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, was a Dongpo layman in posthumous title. The representative of the wild school. He, his father Su Xun (1009 ~ 1066) and his brother Su Zhe (1039 ~12) are all famous for their literature, and they are also called "Three Sus". It is the same as "Cao San and his son" (Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi) at the end of Han Dynasty. He is also one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. His works include Seven Episodes of Dongpo and Dongpo Yuefu. Politically belonging to the old party. Lu Yu (733-804), whose real name is Hung-chien, whose real name is Ji Ji, whose real name is Jinglingzi, Sangzhuweng, Donggangzi, or Yunzi moved from the Prince's Literature to Taichang Temple, is not enough. A native of Jingling, Fuzhou (now Tianmen, Hubei) in the Tang Dynasty, he loved tea and was good at tea ceremony all his life. He is famous for his first monograph on tea studies, Tea Classic, and has made outstanding contributions to the development of tea industry in China and even the world. He was honored as "tea fairy", "Cha Sheng" and "Tea God". He is also very good at writing poems, but his poems are few in the world at present. He has a strong interest in tea, long-term investigation and research, familiar with tea planting, breeding and processing technology, and good at tea tasting. Lu Yu lived in Tiaoxi, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province in the early Shang Dynasty (AD 760) and wrote three volumes of Tea Classic, which became the first monograph on tea in the world. All Tang Wen has Autobiography of Lu Yu. Zhang Heng (78- 139) was born in Xi, Nanyang (now stonebridge, Nanyang County, Henan Province). He was a great astronomer in the Eastern Han Dynasty and made an indelible contribution to the development of astronomy in China. In mathematics, geography, painting and literature, Zhang Heng also showed extraordinary talent and extensive knowledge. Zhang Heng is one of the representatives of Huntian theory in the middle of Eastern Han Dynasty. He pointed out that the moon itself does not shine, and moonlight is actually a reflection of the sun's light; He also correctly explained the cause of the solar eclipse and realized the infinity of the universe and the relationship between the speed of planetary motion and the distance from the earth. Stone God Astronomy Stone God, the first astronomical masterpiece in the Warring States Period-an astronomer in the Warring States Period, Stone God's first astronomical masterpiece "Astronomy". After the Western Han Dynasty, people honored Tianwenzhi as the Star Classic of history. The book marks the position of 12 1 star, and also records the movements and eclipses of five planets: water, wood, gold, fire and earth. Shi Shen compiled the earliest catalogue. And called "shaoyang" has realized that he can shine. Liu Zhuo Astronomy Liu Zhuo, the Imperial Calendar of the Sui Dynasty-an astronomer of the Sui Dynasty. He created the emperor's calendar. He first considered the non-uniformity of the movement of the sun and the moon, and founded the quadratic difference interpolation method with equal intervals. Calculate the apparent velocity of the sun and the moon. At the same time, he changed the age difference to 75. A line of astronomy, a line of "Great Yan Li" in the Tang Dynasty-a writer in the Tang Dynasty. He compiled a new calendar, Dayan Calendar, including ten calendars, which was very advanced in ancient times. As early as BC13rd century, people in China made a lunar calendar according to the movement of the sun and the moon. Yang Zhongfu, a writer of the Southern Song Dynasty, Unified Calendar Yang Zhongfu, an astronomer of the Southern Song Dynasty in China. He created the "unified calendar", and he determined that the length of the tropic year was 365.2425 days. It is also found that the length of the tropic year has increased and decreased. Luo Astronomy Luo, a celestial instrument of the Han Dynasty-an astronomer of the Han Dynasty in China. The equatorial instrument was created and the basic structure of the equatorial armillary sphere was determined. Su Song Astronomical Planetarium Su Song-China Song Dynasty astronomer. In cooperation with Han Gonglian, the planetarium and water transport platform were established, which was the first planetarium in ancient China. There are eight people tall, and there are doors on each floor. Time is up, the door opened and Woodenhead came out to tell the time. (There is a clepsydra and mechanical system at the back). Xin Qiniang/KLOC-Kongming Lantern in the 0/0th century, circling lantern Xin Qiniang-10th century, invented rosin lantern (Kongming Lantern) as a signal lamp in war, which was the first time that China people used hot air balloon. At the same time, the lantern was invented, which was the ancestor of aviation gas turbine. Pei Xiu (224~27 1) founded the theory of "drawing six bodies" for drawing plane maps-Pei Xiu first founded the theory of "drawing six bodies" for drawing plane maps in China. And drew a map of Gong Yu area. Ma Jun mechanical design keel waterwheel (also called rollover) in the Three Kingdoms period Ma Jun is an outstanding mechanical designer and creator. During the Three Kingdoms period, a keel waterwheel (also called a rollover) was created, which can continuously lift water and irrigate oranges with water equipment. The structure is very clever, and it is known as smart in the world. Design of Li Chun Bridge 605~6 17 Zhao Zhouqiao Li Chun-605 ~ 617 is the first open-shouldered arch bridge with lower abdomen arch on the main arch map. He designed the famous Zhao Zhouqiao. Ding Huan, the inventor of Ding Huan, was born in Chang 'an, Han Dynasty, 180. Invented items include a quilt incense burner, a complete lamp, and a rotating fan, which is well known as Chang 'an Gong Qiao. Shen Kuo, a scientist in the Song Dynasty, named Shen Kuo-1031~1095 after him, and scientists in the Song Dynasty named petroleum after him first. Cai Lun 62~ 12 1 paper Cai Lun ——62 ~ 12 1 year, Cai Lun successfully made paper from bark, hemp head, rags and old fishing nets. This invention was reported to the emperor on 105. 1 14 was named longtinghou by the emperor. At that time, people called paper Cai Hou paper. /kloc-in the 0/2nd century, papermaking was indirectly introduced to Europe. /kloc-In the 3rd century, Mongolians issued the first Persian paper money with Cai Hou paper. /kloc-In the 0/4th century, North Korea, Vietnam and Japan also began to use paper money. These cards then spread to Europe through Arab countries. Bi Sheng 104 1~ 1048 movable type printing Bi Sheng-1041~1048, from the northern song dynasty in China. Invented movable type printing. Du Shi 9 1~ ominous hydraulic blower Du Shi 91year, from Henan. It pioneered the drainage of hydraulic blasting equipment. That is, using water power to push the fan to blow. It is the earliest hydraulic blower in the world, 1 100 years earlier than Europe. Quenching Technology of Puyuan in the Three Kingdoms Period ——300 years, the Three Kingdoms Period. The first quenching technology makes the steel knife strong and elastic. During the period of Sun Tzu's Three Kingdoms, Sun Tzu counted the classics for three hundred years. The origin of the multiplication theorem was called "Things Don't Know Counts", and he wrote a book "Sun Tzu's Counting Classics", which systematically discussed the system of counting classics. Qin mathematician 1202~ 1247 created "the skill of seeking great derivation" to understand the linear congruence and the positive and negative leveling method to find the numerical solution of higher-order equations. Qin 1202 ~ 1247, a Chinese mathematician, wrote "Shu Shu Jiu Zhang" and created a method to solve the linear congruence. Li Zhi Li Zhi, a mathematician in China, wrote The Sea Mirror of Landscape Mapping, which is the first masterpiece in China to systematically revise Tianyuan Art. Shen Kuo Song Dynasty Shen Kuo found a thin thread tied to the center of a magnetic needle (compass) and hung it. After observation and discovery, it was written into his book Meng Qian Bi Tan. In the future, people will use needles made of magnets as compasses and guide tables. /kloc-Italians Kyle and Poirot who traveled in the East in the third century saw the compass and spread it to Europe. In 400 BC, Mozi put forward the argument that light propagates along a straight line-in 400 BC, Mozi discussed the lever balance and put forward the argument that light propagates along a straight line. There are countless ancient celebrities in China, only one or two are listed. Please adopt!

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