Second: Einstein is writing his formula.
However, the paper he cited for the second time was about Brownian motion. Although this paper is rarely mentioned compared with his other contributions, it has been widely used in modern fields from finance to drug research and development. Most importantly, the existence of atoms (tiny components of matter) is proved, which lays the foundation for calculating Avogadro constant (the number of atoms contained in one mole of molecule or element). The discovery of atoms and the calculation of Avogadro constant can be regarded as the most important cornerstones of modern chemistry. So what exactly is this theory?
Figure 3: This undated file photo shows Albert, a famous German physicist and author of the theory of relativity. Professor Einstein (AP photo).
This theory is known as Brownian motion. You may ask-why is it called brown? Not called Einstein's movement? This is because Scottish scientist Robert? When Brown was studying pollen, he noticed that it would make a random zigzag movement when it fell into the water. He pointed out this phenomenon and recorded it. Later, Einstein established a mathematical model to explain this phenomenon. Although Brown realized that this was a physical process, there was no mathematical explanation behind it, and this process aroused great interest of physicists at the end of 19.
From 65438 to 0905, Einstein became interested in this process and described it mathematically. He described this random zigzag movement as: 1) independence, which means you can move in any direction; 2) isotropy; 3) Random, you don't know how much it will move in any other direction. Through this theory, Einstein established a mathematical model and a Brownian motion formula, which proved the existence of tiny and indistinguishable molecules. His theory was later shelved? Perrin confirmed Gene? Perrin conducted an experiment. He used a high-precision microscope to verify Einstein's mathematical theory. Later, he worked out the Avogadro constant and proved the existence of atoms! Perrin therefore won the Nobel Prize of 1926.
You might like it, too Of course, Einstein had a great influence on the mathematical model of Brownian motion. Today, such a process is called a "random process", or a random unrelated process. It is not difficult to see how Einstein's mathematical model is applied to finance and hedge funds. It can model the trend of stocks, and the characteristics of stocks are unpredictable. In fact, we can easily see how this model is applied to other random phenomena, and randomness is the essential attribute of everything in the universe.
For example, the weather forecast depends on the speculation of random phenomena. In addition, with the emergence of computers and the gradual improvement of advanced computing level on computers, more and more fields can use the theory of predictive mathematics to model daily phenomena or physical phenomena of interest. For example, scientists often apply stochastic processes to drug-drug interactions, small molecule drug discovery, cell biology and quantum behavior.
Because of this, Einstein, the least frequently mentioned discovery, has the widest application in modern finance and interdisciplinary scientific work, and has penetrated into many fields. Physics, biology, chemistry and computer science all have doctoral degrees in studying stochastic processes. People who get this degree certificate in the future will find jobs in various industries that need mathematical principles to predict reality.
It can be seen that, like many famous scientists before him, Einstein once again proved that mathematics is the language of the universe when he studied a basic physical phenomenon.