Cheng Jia mentioned in his book "Study hard" that "metacognition is thinking about the thinking process".
When telling children questions, we should disassemble the process of solving problems in sufficient detail, that is, what is the first step and what is the second step? Every step should be mastered by children, and at the same time, children should learn the steps to solve problems, so that children can really draw inferences.
Step 1: Observe and compare the differences.
Compare with each other first, that is, the first picture is compared with the second picture, and the second picture is compared with the third picture. When comparing, guide children to observe the differences from four aspects: "quantity, position, direction and shape"; By analogy, children will find patterns. Let me give an example of my conversation with my daughter, as follows.
The first question (1) leads children to talk:
Me: Look at the difference between the first picture and the second picture.
Child: The second picture has many points.
Me: awesome, then look at the second picture. On the basis of the first picture, how many points are there on the top, bottom, left and right?
Child: 1 more.
Me: Thumb up. In the same way, have you found the difference between the third picture and the second picture?
Child: There are 1 dots up, down, left and right.
Me: OK, then can you draw the fourth picture? The child drew the following picture.
Step 2: Find out the arrangement order.
Find out the change of direction order and the direction of change. The following figure
In this regular problem, the difference in step 1 is that the position of shadows has changed, and the order of shadows in step 2 is clockwise (note: clockwise is not the key point for children to master in this lesson, as long as they know it in their hearts).
Step 3: Map accordingly.
The first two steps are the process of analysis, and the third step is to present the results of analysis, which requires children's corresponding ability and care.
Of these three steps, the most important is the first step, which requires children to have a strong ability to discover similarities and differences. In addition to some exercises in books, parents should pay more attention to cultivating their children's ability in this respect in their daily life.
Third, the daily training guide
1. Comparative differences: differences in the order in which things and events occur step by step in life. Brush your teeth or wash your face first, which side to wash first and then which side to wash in the shower. Changes in quantity, such as the increase mentioned above.
2. Arrangement order: The straight lines, circles and blocks mentioned above can be embedded when children exercise.
3. Predictive ability: Whether children can predict what will happen next according to the law when they discover the law can be trained through some regular exercises.
4 one-to-one correspondence: daily training of children's ability to do things one by one.
The above are my study notes on the mathematics micro-course "Dr. Mainland teaches you mathematics". I hope my sharing will help you.