Mathematical symbols are a special mathematical language and play a special role in mathematics teaching. I use the following methods to strengthen the cultivation of students' sense of symbols:

First of all, tap the potential symbolic consciousness of students' existing experience.

In real life, signs of shops, license plates, red "X" signs of hospitals and traffic signs of expressways can be seen everywhere. Linguist Pierre? Girod said, "We live between symbols." In this symbolic world, students' life experiences make them feel the practical significance of the existence of symbols. For example, they can immediately think of McDonald's when they see the exquisite "M" in front of the store. It can be said that in daily life, students have initially gained a sense of symbols, and they feel the simplicity, rigor and scientificity of symbols in their lives. This kind of symbolic consciousness has a positive role in promoting the formation of mathematical symbolic sense.

Second, the flexible use of teaching materials to induce students to understand that symbols can convey information

For example, when teaching numbers and codes, we use activities such as teaching postal codes, ID cards and book codes. Let students realize that a lot of information in daily life can be expressed by numbers and symbols. Six figures can well represent provinces, postal districts, counties and post offices. An ID card can display a person's detailed information in numbers or letters of 18. When writing books and numbers, students realize that their use of digital symbols can bring them great convenience.

Third, help students to establish symbol consciousness in actual situations.

For example, when teaching "numbers with letters", show: the teacher is older than Xiaohua 17 years old. Question: How old was the teacher when Xiaohua 1 was? When Xiaohua was 2, 3 or 4 years old, how old was the teacher? The students replied: l+ 17, 2+ 17, 3+ 17, 4+ 17 ... The teacher further asked: Xiaohua's age changes every year, and so does the teacher's age, but what hasn't changed?

Each of the above formulas can only express the age relationship between the teacher and Xiaohua in a certain year. Can you simply use a formula to express the age relationship between the two in any year? Students report after discussion: a+ 17 can show the age relationship between teachers and Xiaohua in any year. Teachers further guide students to understand the generality of symbols: What does A stand for? What does a+ 17 mean? This kind of teaching makes students experience the cognitive process from concrete to abstract, gradually realize the practical meaning of letters and feel the beauty of simplicity of mathematical symbols.

Fourth, use symbols flexibly to strengthen students' symbol consciousness.

For example, in the teaching of "Calculation of Triangle Area", guide students to deduce the area of triangle = bottom × height ÷2, and then write the letter expression: S=ah÷2 in time, which is convenient for memory and use. After applying this area formula to solve some simple practical problems, students can solve similar problems: it is known that the area of a triangle is 40 square centimeters and the base of the triangle is 16 centimeters, so as to find out the height of the triangle. This requires students to modify the area formula of the triangle: S=ah÷2→S×2=ah→S×2÷a=h, and thus the height of the triangle is 40×2÷ 16=5 (cm). In order to help students realize this symbolic operation, teachers can combine the derivation process of triangle area formula again, and realize that "S×2" means to calculate the area of a parallelogram with the same height as its base first, and "S×2÷a" means that the area of a parallelogram divided by its base equals the height, that is, the height of the triangle. The flexible use of symbols greatly enhances students' symbol consciousness.

With the deepening of mathematics learning, the requirement for symbol consciousness is getting higher and higher. In teaching, we should help students understand the meaning of symbols and gradually guide them through the process of "concrete situation → abstract symbol representation → deepening application", thus promoting the formation of symbol consciousness.