According to the experimental data of A320 aircraft, the ideal data for aircraft landing on the water surface are: elevation angle 1 1 degree, speed1/8 knots, descent angle-1 degree, and the descent rate is 3.55 feet/second. In this accident, the aircraft touched the Hudson River.

Question 2

The ideal direction of landing on water is parallel to the waves, which can reduce the impact of the waves. The wind direction is generally perpendicular to the wave direction, so the plane landing parallel to the wave will inevitably be affected by the crosswind. The most ideal data reference problem one.

In the case of landing perpendicular to the waves, if it is downwind, that is, along the direction of the waves, the plane will fly at a low speed when it is close to the water surface, and the wing will not get enough lift, so it is easy to stall and fall into the sea. If it is against the wind, because it is facing the direction of the waves, the impact force will increase when the plane touches the water, and it is likely to disintegrate.

Of course, forced landing is the pilot's last choice. The most important thing is to minimize the speed at which the plane touches the water. Ideally, the tail of the plane touches the water first, and the speed is reduced by friction with the water as much as possible. At present, most aircraft engines are hung on the wing, so when the engine part touches the water in front of the wing, it will produce great resistance and easily disintegrate the aircraft. An airplane with an engine at the tail, such as MD90, is relatively advantageous when landing on the water because of its heavy tail and high engine position.