How to build an efficient primary school mathematics classroom? First, be fully prepared before class.
Pre-class preparation is not only to prepare teaching content, but also to make specific provisions on teaching objectives according to students' physiological and psychological characteristics, taking into account the scientific nature of the objectives and not exceeding students' ability. When preparing lessons, there are two points that teachers should pay attention to:
First of all, the setting of teaching objectives should conform to students' actual ability and the difficulty should be moderate. Take basketball as an example. If the basket is too high, students can't throw the ball no matter how hard they try, and their self-confidence will gradually lose. On the other hand, if the basket is set too low, students will easily score goals, and have no expectation and joy for success. As long as the height is moderate, it can bring students a pleasant experience of success and urge them to work harder.
Secondly, the formulation of teaching objectives should be consistent with the three-dimensional objectives, so as to realize the effective unification of the three-dimensional objectives. When setting teaching objectives, teachers should fully consider the actual abilities of all students and follow the principle of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, so that students at the three levels of good, medium and poor can develop in line with their abilities. At the same time, when assigning homework, teachers should also take into account the differences of students' abilities and distinguish them according to different types of questions, which must not be generalized.
Second, optimize the classroom teaching process
The new curriculum standard requires us to realize effective teaching by hands-on practice, independent inquiry and cooperative communication, which is the basis of efficient learning and can promote the development of efficient teaching to a higher level.
(A) to stimulate students' interest in effective learning situations.
The success of a class has a very important relationship with the introduction before class. When designing the lead-in, teachers should pay attention to students' psychological characteristics and cognitive rules, and use various means to create a relaxed and happy learning environment for students on the basis of their existing knowledge, so that students can devote themselves to the teaching situation. Multimedia courseware is a very effective way, which can not only effectively stimulate students' interest, make students have the motivation to learn, but also effectively improve the efficiency of classroom teaching.
(B) set up a syllabus to guide students to learn independently.
In addition to guiding students' self-study methods, teachers can also write what they want to learn, study time and examination methods on the blackboard before class, and show them to students during class, so that students can learn independently according to the requirements on the blackboard. For students in lower grades, teachers can set learning goals and requirements for them through incentives or competitions, because primary school students have a strong thirst for knowledge and a sense of competition, which can mobilize students' learning enthusiasm and bring high efficiency to teaching.
(C) Group cooperative learning to promote students' inquiry
Cooperation ability is an extremely important ability, which is more important than knowledge learning and has become an essential quality for modern people. Developing group cooperative learning in primary school mathematics classroom teaching can not only effectively communicate the feelings between teachers and students, but also promote the expansion and divergence of students' thinking, learn to learn from each other's strengths and observe and think from different angles.
Third, care for every student.
What is the purpose of the new curriculum? All for the all-round development of every student? Therefore, only when our classroom is open to all students can the teaching quality be improved in an all-round way. Students' participation is the foundation of efficient classroom. Reflecting on our classroom teaching, have we given every student a chance to speak? Have we made a proper evaluation of the students' performance? Have we brought confidence and motivation to students in our own way? The answer is mostly no, because we give the right to answer questions to the upper-middle class students, and the upper-middle class students are the main ones in the classroom, which leads to the students with learning difficulties unable to integrate into the classroom teaching. Only when the teacher pushes him will he go further. If he doesn't push, he will stay put. Therefore, in order to realize the high efficiency of mathematics classroom teaching, teachers should clearly recognize the differences of students' abilities and foundations, pay attention to the development of each student, encourage students to participate in teaching, give them more encouragement and affirmation, and let them realize the fun of learning and gain a successful experience.
Fourth, design effective classroom exercises for students.
Mathematics and practice are inseparable, and classroom practice is also a very important part of classroom teaching, which can help students understand knowledge more deeply and master problem-solving skills, so that students can develop in depth.
(1) Design life-oriented exercises for students.
The new curriculum standard requires us? Cultivate students' initial application consciousness and problem-solving ability? Life is the foundation of mathematics, and teachers can link exercises with students' lives, so that the application value of mathematics can be well reflected in the topic. In this way, students can also feel that mathematics learning is meaningful and can be used in life.
(b) Design step-by-step exercises for students.
? The content of the exercise should be hierarchical, gradient and moderate in difficulty. ? This is the requirement of mathematics curriculum standards for us. Therefore, the exercises designed by teachers should be able to serve the center, closely follow the teaching requirements, with outstanding difficulties and strong pertinence.
Practice should be from the shallow to the deep, follow the principle of step by step, and there should be a certain level ladder between exercises.
Practice should effectively stimulate students' positive thinking, cultivate students' thinking ability and help students form a knowledge system about what they have learned, which is instructive.
The design of exercises should not only focus on the reality of most students in the class, but also meet the needs of a few top students and students with learning difficulties, so that students with different excellent levels can actively participate in exercises, so that each student can get the greatest development in mathematics and the underachievers can? Have a good meal? , top students can? Did you eat well? .
For example, when practicing calculating the volume of a cylinder, teachers can list a set of questions for students:
1. What conditions do you need to know to find the volume of a cylinder?
2. Please write the application questions of calculating the volume of a cylinder with the radius, diameter, circumference and height of the known bottom respectively.
3. Please make up an application problem that the diameter of the cylinder bottom is equal to the height of the cylinder, and find the volume.
4. Cut a 20 cm long cube into the largest cylinder. What is the volume of this cylinder?
In this group of questions, poor students only need to complete 1 and 2, middle students need to complete 3 on this basis, and excellent students need to complete all. In this way, students of different levels can have a successful experience in practice and get their own development, which is also a powerful guarantee for the efficient implementation of mathematics classroom.
In short, teachers should constantly practice and summarize, improve innovation, cultivate students' ability on the basis of imparting knowledge, improve the effect of classroom teaching, improve students' learning efficiency and realize classroom efficiency.