Mathematics is the gymnastics of thinking. Students' thinking level should be cultivated and developed through mathematics teaching activities; Cultivating students' thinking ability is an important task in primary school mathematics teaching. Teachers should make full use of classroom teaching as the main channel, create a learning environment conducive to cultivating students' thinking ability, adopt flexible and diverse classroom teaching models, let students learn independently and guide them to actively explore ways to solve problems. Based on my years of practical experience in primary school mathematics teaching, I talk about some suggestions and measures to cultivate students' thinking ability in primary school mathematics teaching. First, create a learning environment suitable for the age characteristics of primary school students and inspire students to think positively. Brown, an American educator, believes that "the learning environment should be placed in a real social background to make it meaningful to students." Only when the learning content is combined with the social and natural situations in which it is formed and used can meaningful learning take place, and the learned knowledge can be easily transferred to other situations for re-application. Only the knowledge and skills acquired in real situations can students truly understand and master them and apply them to real life or environment to solve practical problems. Many teachers have had this experience in classroom teaching: most students can't remember the knowledge points that need to be memorized, even if the teacher emphasizes it many times, they can't answer it. As everyone knows, this is because the teacher failed to create a learning environment that conforms to the physical age and psychological age of primary school students when explaining knowledge points, and failed to provide primary school students with a life background that is conducive to memory. Every time I talk about abstract knowledge that needs to be memorized in practical teaching.