Mathematics teaching is a process of teaching and learning, a process of cooperation between teachers and students in order to achieve common teaching goals, and a process of harmony and unity between teachers and students. In teaching, students' active and all-round development should always be placed at the center. To change the traditional educational concept and establish a new harmonious relationship between teachers and students in the teaching process, we should attach importance to students' dominant position, set an example, care for students, maintain a childlike innocence, achieve mastery through a comprehensive study, let students enjoy the happiness of learning, experience equality, freedom, democracy, respect, trust, friendliness and understanding in learning, and form a positive and rich attitude towards life and emotional experience in a harmonious learning atmosphere. On how to establish a harmonious relationship between teachers and students, this paper mainly analyzes and studies the status of teachers, teaching methods and evaluation mechanism.